ããã¯ãUbuntu OnlineãFedora OnlineãWindows ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ ãšãã¥ã¬ãŒã¿ãŒããŸã㯠MAC OS ãªã³ã©ã€ã³ ãšãã¥ã¬ãŒã¿ãŒãªã©ã®è€æ°ã®ç¡æãªã³ã©ã€ã³ ã¯ãŒã¯ã¹ããŒã·ã§ã³ã® XNUMX ã€ã䜿çšããŠãOnWorks ç¡æãã¹ãã£ã³ã° ãããã€ããŒã§å®è¡ã§ããã³ãã³ã mksh ã§ãã
ããã°ã©ã ïŒ
NAME
ã ã¯ã·ã¥, sh â MirBSD Korn ã·ã§ã«
SYNOPSIS
ã ã¯ã·ã¥ [-+abCefhiklmnprUuvXx] [-T [!]TTY | -] [-+o ãªãã·ã§ã³] [-c æåå | -s | file
[åŒæ° ...]]
çµã¿èŸŒã¿å [åŒæ° ...]
DESCRIPTION
ã ã¯ã·ã¥ 察話åãšã·ã§ã« ã¹ã¯ãªããã®äž¡æ¹ã§äœ¿çšããããšãç®çãšããã³ãã³ã ã€ã³ã¿ãŒããªã¿ãŒã§ãã ãã®
ã³ãã³ãèšèªã¯ sh(C) ã·ã§ã«èšèªã®ã¹ãŒããŒã»ããã§ããã
ãªãªãžãã«ã®Kornã·ã§ã«ã å Žåã«ãã£ãŠã¯ããã®ããã¥ã¢ã« ããŒãžã§ã¹ã¯ãªããã«é¢ããã¢ããã€ã¹ãæäŸãããããšããããŸãã ãã®é
ããŒã¿ãã« ã·ã§ã« ã¹ã¯ãªãããããŸããŸãªæšæºããã¹ãŠèæ ®ãããå ŽåããããŸãã
æ å ±ã¯äœããããŸãæ瀺ãããŸã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ ã念é ã«çœ®ãããã®ããã«åãæ¢ããã¹ãã§ãã
ã¢ã€ã an Android ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã so äœã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ïŒ
ã ã¯ã·ã¥ UNIX ã·ã§ã«/ã³ãã³ã ã€ã³ã¿ããªã¿ã§ããã次ã®ãããªãã®ã§ãã COMMAND.COM or CMD.EXEãããããã
ãã°ããã®é Android ãªãŒãã³ãœãŒã¹ ãããžã§ã¯ãã«å«ãŸããŠããŸããã åºæ¬çã«ã¯ããã°ã©ã ã§ã
ã¿ãŒããã« (ã³ã³ãœãŒã« ãŠã£ã³ããŠ) ã§å®è¡ããããŠãŒã¶ãŒå ¥åãåãåããã³ãã³ããŸãã¯ã¹ã¯ãªãããå®è¡ããŸãã
ããã¯ãããã¯ã°ã©ãŠã³ãã§ãã£ãŠããä»ã®ããã°ã©ã ã«ãã£ãŠå®è¡ããããã«äŸé Œããããšãã§ããŸãã ããããç¹æš©
ãããã£ãŠãééãããããããªããããã¢ããã¯ã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ åé¡ã¯ãããä»ã®äººããã®è³ªå
ãããå©çšããããã°ã©ã ã
åŒã³åºã
ã»ãšãã©ã®çµã¿èŸŒã¿é¢æ°ã¯çŽæ¥åŒã³åºãããšãã§ããŸããããšãã°ããªã³ã¯ããã®ååãã
ã·ã§ã«; ãã ãããã¹ãŠãæå³ããªãããã§ã¯ãªãããã¹ãããããããŸã£ããæ©èœãããããŸããã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ä»¥äžã®ãšããã§ãã
-c æåå ã ã¯ã·ã¥ ã«å«ãŸããã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããŸã æåå.
-i ã€ã³ã¿ã©ã¯ãã£ããªã·ã§ã«ã æšæºå ¥åããã³ãã³ããèªã¿åãã·ã§ã«ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšãããŠããå ŽåããŸãã¯æšæºå ¥åãšæšæºãšã©ãŒã®äž¡æ¹ã䜿çšãããŠããå Žåã¯ã察話åã
ã«åãä»ããããŠããŸã TTY(4)ã 察話åã·ã§ã«ã§ã¯ãžã§ãå¶åŸ¡ãæå¹ã«ãªã£ãŠãããç¡èŠãããŸãã
SIGINTãSIGQUITãSIGTERM ã·ã°ãã«ãéä¿¡ããå ¥åãèªã¿åãåã«ããã³ãââããåºåããŸãã
(PS1 ããã³ PS2 ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãåç §)ã ãŸããENV ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŸãã¯
mkshrc ãã¡ã€ã«ïŒä»¥äžãåç §ïŒã é察話åã·ã§ã«ã®å Žåã ãã©ãã¯ãªãŒã« ãªãã·ã§ã³ããªã³ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸã
ããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ ( ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« 以äžã®ã³ãã³ãïŒã
-l ãã°ã€ã³ã·ã§ã«ã ã·ã§ã«ãåŒã³åºãããããŒã¹å (ããªãã¡ argv[0]) ã次ã§å§ãŸãå Žå
'-' ãŸãã¯ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšãããå Žåãã·ã§ã«ã¯ãã°ã€ã³ ã·ã§ã«ã§ãããšã¿ãªãããŸãã èŠã
ã¹ã¿ãŒãã¢ãã ãã¡ã€ã« ãåç §ããŠãã ããã
-p ç¹æš©ã·ã§ã«ã å®éã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ ID ãŸãã¯ã°ã«ãŒã ID ããç¹æš©ããæã€å Žåãã·ã§ã«ã¯ãç¹æš©ãã«ãªããŸãã
å®å¹ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ ID ãŸãã¯ã°ã«ãŒã ID ãšäžèŽããŸãã (ã ååŸïŒ2ïŒãš ã€ã©ã€ã©ããïŒ2ïŒïŒã
ç¹æš©ãªãã·ã§ã³ãã¯ãªã¢ãããšãã·ã§ã«ã¯å®å¹ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ ID ãèšå®ããŸãã
(ã°ã«ãŒã ID) ãå®éã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ ID (ã°ã«ãŒã ID) ã«çœ®ãæããŸãã ãããªã圱é¿ã«ã€ããŠã¯ããåç §ããŠãã ããã ã¹ã¿ãŒãã¢ãã
ãã¡ã€ã«ã ã·ã§ã«ã«ç¹æš©ãããããã®ãã©ã°ãæ瀺çã«èšå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã
ãç¹æš©ããªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãèµ·åãã¡ã€ã«ã®åŠçåŸã«èªåçã«ã¯ãªã¢ãããŸãã
-r å¶éãããã·ã§ã«ã ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšãããšãã·ã§ã«ã¯ãå¶éããããŸãã 次ã®
å¶éã¯ãã·ã§ã«ããããã¡ã€ã«ãš ENV ãåŠçããåŸã«æå¹ã«ãªããŸãã
ãã¡ã€ã«ïŒ
· ã cd ïŒãš Chdir) ã³ãã³ãã¯ç¡å¹ã«ãªããŸãã
· SHELLãENVãããã³ PATH ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯å€æŽã§ããŸããã
· ã³ãã³ãåã絶察ãã¹ãŸãã¯çžå¯Ÿãã¹ã§æå®ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã
· ã -p çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ command 䜿çšã§ããŸããã
· ãã¡ã€ã«ãäœæãããªãã€ã¬ã¯ã (äŸ: '>'ã'>|'ã'>>'ã'<>') ã¯äœ¿çšã§ããŸããã
-s ã·ã§ã«ã¯æšæºå ¥åããã³ãã³ããèªã¿åããŸãã ãªãã·ã§ã³ä»¥å€ã®åŒæ°ã¯ãã¹ãŠ
äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã
-T å ã¹ããŒã³ ã ã¯ã·ã¥ TTY(4) ããã€ã¹ãäžããããŸãã ãã¹ å, /dev/ttyCname &
/dev/ttyname é çªã«è©Šè¡ãããŸãã ãªãéã å æå笊ã§å§ãŸã
('!')ãããã¯ãµãã·ã§ã«ã§å®è¡ãããããã«è¿ãããŸãã ãã å ããã·ã¥ã§ã
('-')ã代ããã«å¶åŸ¡ç«¯æ« (ããŒã¢ã³å) ããåãé¢ããŸãã
äžèšã«å ããŠãããã§èª¬æãããŠãããªãã·ã§ã³ ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ãã䜿çšå¯èœ
ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³:äž¡æ¹ [-+abCefhkmnuvXx]ãš[-+o ãªãã·ã§ã³] 㯠XNUMX æåã§äœ¿çšã§ããŸã
ãŸãã¯é·ããªãã·ã§ã³ãããããæå®ããŸãã
ã©ã¡ãã -c ã -s ãªãã·ã§ã³ãæå®ãããŠããå Žåããªãã·ã§ã³ä»¥å€ã®æåã®åŒæ°ã§æå®ããŸã
ã·ã§ã«ãã³ãã³ããèªã¿åããã¡ã€ã«ã®ååã ãªãã·ã§ã³ä»¥å€ã®åŒæ°ããªãå Žåã
ã·ã§ã«ã¯æšæºå ¥åããã³ãã³ããèªã¿åããŸãã ã·ã§ã«ã®åå (ã€ãŸããã·ã§ã«ã®å 容)
$0) ã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«æ±ºå®ãããŸãã -c ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšãããŠããããªãã·ã§ã³ä»¥å€ã®åŒæ°ãããå Žåã
ããã¯ååãšããŠäœ¿çšãããŸãã ã³ãã³ãããã¡ã€ã«ããèªã¿åãããŠããå Žåããã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã¯
åå; ãã以å€ã®å Žåã¯ãã·ã§ã«ãåŒã³åºãããããŒã¹å (ã€ãŸããargv[0]) ã䜿çšãããŸãã
ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ã§æå®ãããã³ãã³ããã¡ã€ã«ãå®è¡ã§ããå Žåãã·ã§ã«ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ 127 ã§ãã
ãªãŒãã³ã§ããªãããŸãã¯å®è¡äžã«èŽåœçãªæ§æãšã©ãŒãçºçããå Žå㯠XNUMX 以å€
èæ¬ã èŽåœçãªãšã©ãŒããªãå Žåãçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯æåŸã®ã³ãã³ãã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã«ãªããŸãã
å®è¡ãããããã³ãã³ããå®è¡ãããªãå Žåã¯ãŒãã
ã¹ã¿ãŒãã¢ãã ãã¡ã€ã«
ãããã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã®å®éã®å Žæã«ã€ããŠã¯ã次ãåç §ããŠãã ããã ãã¡ã€ã«ã ãã°ã€ã³ã·ã§ã«ãã·ã¹ãã ãåŠçãã
ãŸãã¯ãããã£ãŒã«ã 次ã«ãç¹æš©ã·ã§ã«ã suid ãããã¡ã€ã«ãåŠçããŸãã éç¹æš©ãã°ã€ã³
ã·ã§ã«ã¯æ¬¡ã«ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ ãããã¡ã€ã«ãåŠçããŸãã éç¹æš©ã®å¯Ÿè©±åã·ã§ã«ãå€ããã§ãã¯ããŸãã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãã³ãã³ããç®è¡æŒç®ããã³ãã«ã ('~') ãé©çšããåŸã® ENV ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®
眮æ; æªèšå®ãŸãã¯ç©ºã®å ŽåããŠãŒã¶ãŒ mkshrc ãããã¡ã€ã«ãåŠçãããŸãã ãã以å€ã®å Žåããã¡ã€ã«ã®å Žå
眮æçµæã®ååãååšããå Žåã¯åŠçãããŸãã ååšããªãããšã¯éãã«ãã
ç¡èŠãããŸããã ç¹æš©ã·ã§ã«ã¯ãã©ã¡ããããã§ãªãã£ãå Žåãç¹æš©ãåé€ããŸãã -p ã«äžãããããªãã·ã§ã³
ã³ãã³ã ã©ã€ã³ã§ããã¹ã¿ãŒãã¢ãã ãã¡ã€ã«ã®å®è¡äžã«èšå®ãããŸããã
Command æ§æ
ã·ã§ã«ã¯ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ãšæ¹è¡ã®çµã¿åãããåé€ããŠå ¥åã®è§£æãéå§ãããã®åŸ
ãããå£ã èšèã åèª (äžé£ã®æå) ã¯åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããŠããªããã®ã§åºåãããŸãã
空çœæå (ã¹ããŒã¹ãã¿ããæ¹è¡) ãŸãã¯ã¡ã¿æå (ã<ããã>ããã|ããã;ããã(ãã
'ïŒ'ã ãã㊠'ïŒ'ïŒã åºåãã®åèªãé€ããŠãã¹ããŒã¹ãšã¿ãã¯ç¡èŠãããæ¹è¡ã¯ç¡èŠãããŸãã
éåžžã¯ã³ãã³ããåºåããŸãã ã¡ã¿ãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒã¯æ¬¡ã®æ§ç¯ã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã ããŒã¯ã³:
ã<ããã<&ããã<<ããã<<<ããã>ããã>&ããã>>ããã&>ããªã©ã¯ããªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã®æå®ã«äœ¿çšãããŸãïŒã
å ¥åºå åºåå å€æŽ äžã«ïŒ; '|' ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã®äœæã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã '|&' ã¯å ±åäœæã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
ããã»ã¹ïŒãåç §ïŒ å ±åããã»ã¹ äžã«ïŒ; ã;ã ã³ãã³ããåºåãããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã ã&ãã¯äœæã«äœ¿çšãããŸã
éåæãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã ã&&ããšã||ã æ¡ä»¶ä»ãå®è¡ãæå®ããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã ';;'ã';&'
ãããŠã;|ã ã§äœ¿çšãããŠããŸã å Žå 声æã '(( .. ))' ã¯ç®è¡åŒã§äœ¿çšãããŸãã ãããŠ
æåŸã«ãã( .. )ãã¯ãµãã·ã§ã«ã®äœæã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
空çœæåãšã¡ã¿æåã¯ãããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ ('\') ã䜿çšããŠåå¥ã«åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ããããŸãã¯
äºéåŒçšç¬Š ('"') ãŸãã¯äžéåŒçšç¬Š ("'") ã䜿çšããŠã°ã«ãŒãåããŸãã次ã®æåã¯
ãããã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠç¹å¥ã«æ±ããããããããèªäœãè¡šãå Žåã¯åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãå¿ èŠããããŸãã
ã\ããã"ãããããã#ããã$ããã`ããã~ããã{ããã}ããã*ããã?ããããã³ã[ãããã®ãã¡æåã®XNUMXã€
ã¯äžèšã®åŒçšæåã§ã (ã åŒçš äžã«ïŒ; '#' (次ã®å Žæã§äœ¿çšãããå Žå)
åèªã®å é ãã³ã¡ã³ãã®å°å ¥ â ã#ã以éã®æãè¿ããã®ãŸã§ã®ãã¹ãŠ
æ¹è¡ã¯ç¡èŠãããŸãã ã$ãã¯ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãã³ãã³ããæŒç®ãå°å ¥ããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸã
眮æ (åç § 眮æ äžã«ïŒ; '''' ã¯å€ãã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã®ã³ãã³ã眮æãå°å ¥ããŸã
ïŒåç §ããŠãã ãã 眮æ äžã«ïŒ; ã~ãã¯ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã®å±éãéå§ããŸã (ã ãã«ã æ¡å€§ äžã«ïŒ; ã{ã
ãš '}' åºåã CSH(1) ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã®ä»£æ¿ (åç §) ãã¬ãŒã¹ æ¡å€§ äžã«ïŒ; ãããŠæåŸã«ã '*'ã
ã?ãããã³ââã[ãã¯ãã¡ã€ã«åã®çæã«äœ¿çšãããŸãïŒã File å ãã¿ãŒã³ äžïŒã
åèªãšããŒã¯ã³ã解æããããšãã·ã§ã«ã¯ã³ãã³ããæ§ç¯ããŸãããã®ã³ãã³ãã«ã¯ XNUMX ã€ã®åºæ¬çãªãã®ããããŸãã
ã¿ã€ãïŒ åçŽãªã³ãã³ããéåžžã¯å®è¡ãããããã°ã©ã ãããã³ è€åã³ãã³ãã ãã®ãããª
as for & if ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ããã°ã«ãŒãåæ§é ãããã³é¢æ°å®çŸ©ã
åçŽãªã³ãã³ãã¯ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿å²ãåœãŠã®çµã¿åããã§æ§æãããŸã (ã èšæž¬ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿
äžèšïŒãå ¥åºåãªãã€ã¬ã¯ãïŒãåç §ïŒ å ¥åºå ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ã 以äžïŒããã³åœä»€èªã
å¯äžã®å¶éã¯ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å²ãåœãŠãã³ãã³ã ã¯ãŒãã®åã«æ¥ãããšã§ãã ã®
ã³ãã³ã ã¯ãŒã (ååšããå Žå) ã¯ãå®è¡ãããã³ãã³ããšãã®åŒæ°ãå®çŸ©ããŸãã ã®
command ã¯ãã·ã§ã«çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ããé¢æ°ããŸãã¯å€éšã³ãã³ã (ã€ãŸããå¥åã®ã³ãã³ã) ã®å ŽåããããŸãã
PATH ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã䜿çšããŠé 眮ãããå®è¡å¯èœãã¡ã€ã«ã èŠã Command å®è¡ äžïŒã
ãã¹ãŠã®ã³ãã³ãæ§é ã«ã¯çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ãããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ãããå€éšã³ãã³ãã®å Žåãããã¯é¢é£ããŠããŸãã
ã«ãã£ãŠè¿ãããã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã« wait (2) (ã³ãã³ããèŠã€ãããªãã£ãå Žåãçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯
127; å®è¡ã§ããªãã£ãå Žåãçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ 126) ã§ãã ä»ã®ã³ãã³ãã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹
æ§æèŠçŽ (çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ããé¢æ°ãè€åã³ãã³ãããã€ãã©ã€ã³ããªã¹ããªã©) ã¯ãã¹ãŠ
æ確ã«å®çŸ©ãããŠãããæ§æã説æãããŠããå Žæã§èª¬æãããŠããŸãã ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿å²ãåœãŠã®ã¿ã§æ§æãããã³ãã³ãã¯ãæåŸã®ã³ãã³ã眮æã®ã³ãã³ãã§ã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿å²ãåœãŠäžã«å®è¡ãããããã³ãã³ã眮æããªãã£ãå Žå㯠0ã
ã³ãã³ãã¯ã|ãã䜿çšããŠé£çµã§ããŸãã ããŒã¯ã³ã䜿çšããŠãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã圢æããŸãã
åã³ãã³ãã®æšæºåºåã§ãããæåŸã®åºåã¯ãã€ãåŠçãããŸã (ã ãã€ã(2)) ã®æšæºå ¥åã«
次ã®ã³ãã³ãã ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ã次ã®å Žåãé€ããæåŸã®ã³ãã³ãã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã«ãªããŸãã
ã ãã€ãã®å€±æ ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããŸãïŒãããåç §ïŒã ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã®ãã¹ãŠã®ã³ãã³ãã¯åå¥ã«å®è¡ãããŸã
ãµãã·ã§ã«; ãã㯠POSIX ã§èš±å¯ãããŠããŸãããAT&T UNIX ã®äž¡æ¹ã®ããŒãžã§ã³ãšã¯ç°ãªããŸãã kshã®ããã§ã
æåŸã®ã³ãã³ããé€ããã¹ãŠã®ã³ãã³ãã¯ãµãã·ã§ã«ã§å®è¡ãããŸããã ãèŠãŠãã ãã read çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã®èª¬æ
圱é¿ãšåé¿çã ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã«ã¯ã!ããšããæ¥é èŸãä»ãå ŽåããããŸãã äºçŽèª
ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ãè«ççã«è£å®ãããŸã: å ã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã®å Žå
0 ã ã£ãå Žåãè£å®ãããã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ 1 ã«ãªããŸãã å ã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã 0 ã§ãªãå Žåãè£å®ãããã¹ããŒã¿ã¹
ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯0ã«ãªããŸãã
ãªã¹ã 次ã®ããŒã¯ã³ã®ããããã§ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ãåºåãããšã§ãã³ãã³ãã®æ°ãäœæã§ããŸãã
ã&&ããã||ããã&ããã|&ããããã³ã;ãã æåã® XNUMX ã€ã¯æ¡ä»¶ä»ãå®è¡çšã§ããcmd1 && cmd2ã
å®è¡ cmd2 çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã次ã®å Žåã®ã¿ cmd1 ãŒãã§ãã '||' ã¯ãã®éã§ã â cmd2 is
çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã次ã®å Žåã«ã®ã¿å®è¡ãããŸãã cmd1 ã¯ãŒãã§ã¯ãããŸããã ã&&ããšã||ã åçã®åªå é äœãæã€
ããã¯ãåãåªå é äœãæ〠'&'ã'|&'ãããã³ ';' ãããé«ããªããŸãã 泚èš
ã&&ããšã||ã æŒç®åã¯ãå·Šçµåãã§ãã ããšãã°ããã®äž¡æ¹ãšã
ã³ãã³ãã¯ãbarãã®ã¿ãåºåããŸãã
$ false && echo foo || ãšã³ãŒããŒ
$ true || ãšã³ãŒ foo && ãšã³ãŒ ããŒ
ã&ãããŒã¯ã³ã«ãããåè¿°ã®ã³ãã³ããéåæçã«å®è¡ãããŸãã ã€ãŸãã·ã§ã«
ã³ãã³ããéå§ããŸãããå®äºãåŸ ã¡ãŸããïŒã·ã§ã«ã¯ã³ãã³ãã远跡ããŸãïŒ
éåæã³ãã³ãã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã èŠã ãžã§ã ã³ã³ãããŒã« äžã«ïŒã éåæã³ãã³ãã®å Žå
ãžã§ãå¶åŸ¡ãç¡å¹ã«ãªã£ãŠããå Žå (ã€ãŸããã»ãšãã©ã®ã¹ã¯ãªãã)ãã³ãã³ãã¯æ¬¡ã®ã³ãã³ãã§éå§ãããŸãã
SIGINT ããã³ SIGQUIT ä¿¡å·ã¯ç¡èŠãããå ¥åã¯æ¬¡ãããªãã€ã¬ã¯ããããŸãã / dev / null ïŒãããã
éåæã³ãã³ãã§æå®ããããªãã€ã¬ã¯ããåªå ãããŸã)ã ã|&ãæŒç®å
ç¹å¥ãªçš®é¡ã®éåæããã»ã¹ã§ããã³ããã»ã¹ãéå§ããŸã (ã å ±åããã»ã¹
äžã«ïŒã ã³ãã³ãã¯ã&&ããšã||ãã®åŸã«ç¶ãå¿ èŠãããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã æŒç®åããã ããã®å¿ èŠã¯ãªã
ã&ããã|&ãããŸãã¯ã;ãã®åŸã«ç¶ããŸãã ãªã¹ãã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ãæåŸã«å®è¡ãããã³ãã³ãã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã§ãã
ãã ããçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã 0 ã§ããéåæãªã¹ãã¯é€ããŸãã
è€åã³ãã³ãã¯ã次ã®äºçŽèªã䜿çšããŠäœæãããŸãã ãããã®èšèã¯ãã
åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããŠããªãå Žåãããã³ã³ãã³ãã®æåã®åèªãšããŠäœ¿çšãããŠããå Žå (ã€ãŸãã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å²ãåœãŠããªãã€ã¬ã¯ããåã«çœ®ãããšã¯ã§ããŸãã)ã
case else é¢æ° then ! (
æéãããã° esac ãå®è¡ [[ ((
{ãŸã§å®äºããŸãã
select while ã® elif }
以äžã®è€åã³ãã³ãã®èª¬æã§ã¯ãã³ãã³ã ãªã¹ã ( ãªã¹ãïŒããã¯
ãã®åŸã«ç¶ãäºçŽèªã¯ãã»ãã³ãã³ãæ¹è¡ããŸã㯠(æ§æçã«ã¯) ã§çµããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
æ£ïŒäºçŽèªã ããšãã°ã次ã¯ãã¹ãŠæå¹ã§ãã
$ { ãšã³ãŒ foo; ãšã³ãŒããŒ; }
$ { ãšã³ãŒ foo; ãšã³ãŒããŒ}
$ { { ãšã³ãŒ foo; ãšã³ãŒããŒ; } }
ããã¯ç¡å¹ã§ãïŒ
$ { ãšã³ãŒ foo; ãšã³ãŒã㌠}
(ãªã¹ã)
å®è¡ãã ãªã¹ã ãµãã·ã§ã«å ã ç°å¢ã®å€æŽãæž¡ãæé»çãªæ¹æ³ã¯ãããŸããã
ãµãã·ã§ã«ã芪ã«æ»ããŸãã
{ ãªã¹ã; }
è€åæ§é ã ãªã¹ã ã¯å®è¡ãããŸããããµãã·ã§ã«å ã§ã¯å®è¡ãããŸããã ã{ããšã}ãã«æ³šæããŠãã ãã
ã¯äºçŽèªã§ãããã¡ã¿æåã§ã¯ãããŸããã
å Žå åèª ã§ [[ïŒ] ãã¿ãŒã³ [| ãã¿ãŒã³] ...) ãªã¹ã ã¿ãŒãããŒã¿] ... ã€ãŒãµãã¯
ã å Žå ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã¯äžèŽãè©Šã¿ãŸã åèª æå®ããããã®ã«å¯Ÿã㊠ãã¿ãŒã³; ã¶ã» ãªã¹ã
æåã«äžèŽãããã¿ãŒã³ã«é¢é£ä»ãããããã¿ãŒã³ãå®è¡ãããŸãã 䜿çšãããŠãããã¿ãŒã³
å Žå ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã¯ããã¡ã€ã«åãã¿ãŒã³ã«äœ¿çšãããã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ããšåãã§ããã
ãããã«é¢ããå¶éäºé ãšã/ãã¯çç¥ãããŸãã åã«åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããŠããªãã¹ããŒã¹ãããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
ãããŠãã¿ãŒã³ãå¥ããããåŸã ãã¿ãŒã³å ã®ã¹ããŒã¹ã¯åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãå¿ èŠããããŸãã ã©ã¡ãã
åèªãšãã¿ãŒã³ã¯ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãã³ãã³ããç®è¡çœ®æã®å¯Ÿè±¡ãšãªããŸãã
ãã«ã眮æãåæ§ã§ãã
æŽå²çãªçç±ãããå·Šäžæ¬åŒ§ãšå³äžæ¬åŒ§ã®ä»£ããã«å·Šäžæ¬åŒ§ãšå³äžæ¬åŒ§ã䜿çšãããå ŽåããããŸãã in & ESAC ãã·ã³æ å ±ã®èšå ¥> ãšããæ§æã§ãªããã°ãªããŸãããäŸãã°ã
å Žå $ foo { *) echo ã㌠;; }.
ãªã¹ã ã¿ãŒãããŒã¿sã¯ïŒ
ã;;ã ãªã¹ãã®åŸã«çµäºããŸãã
';&' 次ã®ãªã¹ãã«è©²åœããŸãã
';|' æ®ãã®ãã¿ãŒã³ãªã¹ãã¿ãã«ãè©äŸ¡ããŸãã
ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ å Žå ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã¯å®è¡ãããã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã§ã ãªã¹ã; ãããã®å Žå ãªã¹ã is
å®è¡ãããšãçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ãŒãã«ãªããŸãã
for å [ã« åèª ...]; ãã ãªã¹ã; çµãã
ããããã«ã€ããŠã åèª æå®ãããåèªãªã¹ãã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ å åèªã«èšå®ãããŠããã
ãªã¹ã ãå®è¡ãããŸãã ããã in åèªãªã¹ããäœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®æå®ã«ã¯äœ¿çšãããŸããã
代ããã« ($1ã$2 ãªã©) ã䜿çšãããŸãã æŽå²çãªçç±ã«ãããå·Šäžæ¬åŒ§ãšå³äžæ¬åŒ§ã¯ã
ã®ä»£ããã«äœ¿çšããã do & è¡ãã ãã·ã³æ å ±ã®èšå ¥> ãšããæ§æã§ãªããã°ãªããŸãããäŸãã°ã for i; { echo $ i; }ã ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ for
ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã¯æåŸã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã§ã ãªã¹ã; ãã ãªã¹ã 決ããŠå®è¡ãããªãå Žåãçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹
ãŒãã§ãã
if ãªã¹ã; ãã®åŸ ãªã¹ã; [ãšãªã ãªã¹ã; ãã®åŸ ãªã¹ã;] ... [ããä»¥å€ ãªã¹ã;] ãã¡ã€
æåã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã ãªã¹ã ãŒããXNUMXçªç® ãªã¹ã å®è¡ãããã ãããªããšã
ã ãªã¹ã ä»¥äž elifãããå Žåã¯ãåæ§ã®çµæã§å®è¡ãããŸãã ç§ã¯èœã¡ã
ã«ç¶ããªã¹ã if & elif倱æããå Žå (ã€ãŸãããŒã以å€ã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã§çµäºããå Žå)ã ãªã¹ã
ä»¥äž ã»ãã« ãå®è¡ãããŸãã ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ if 声æã¯é
æ¡ä»¶ä»ãã® ãªã¹ã ããã¯å®è¡ãããŸãã ç¡æ¡ä»¶ã§ãªãå Žå ãªã¹ã å®è¡ããããšçµäºããŸã
ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ãŒãã§ãã
select å [ã« åèª ...]; ãã ãªã¹ã; çµãã
ã select ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãŒã«ã¡ãã¥ãŒã衚瀺ããèªåæ¹æ³ãæäŸããŸãã
ãããŠããããéžæããŸãã æå®ããããã®ã®åæãªã¹ã åèª(s) ãå°å·ãããŠããŸã
æšæºãšã©ãŒã®åŸã«ããã³ãââãã衚瀺ãããŸã (PS3: éåžžã¯ã#?ã)ã ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããçªå·
次ã«ãåæãããåèªã® XNUMX ã€ãæšæºå ¥åããèªã¿åãããŸãã å ã«èšå®ãããŠããŸã
éžæãããåèª (ãŸãã¯éžæãç¡å¹ãªå Žåã¯èšå®è§£é€)ãREPLY ã¯èªã¿åãããå 容ã«èšå®ãããŸã
(å é /æ«å°Ÿã®ã¹ããŒã¹ã¯åé€ãããŸã)ãããã³ ãªã¹ã ãå®è¡ãããŸãã 空çœè¡ã®å Žå (ã€ãŸãã
XNUMX å以äžã® IFS ãªã¯ããã) ãå ¥åããããšãã¡ãã¥ãŒã¯å®è¡ãããã«åå°å·ãããŸãã ãªã¹ã.
æ¥æ ãªã¹ã å®äºãããšãREPLY ã NULL ã®å Žåã¯åæãªã¹ããåºåãããããã³ããã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããŸãã
å°å·ããããã®ãªã©ã ãã®ããã»ã¹ã¯ããã¡ã€ã«ã®çµãããèªã¿åãããå²ã蟌ã¿ãçºçãããŸã§ç¶ããŸãã
ãåä¿¡ãããã ç Žã ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã¯ã«ãŒãå ã§å®è¡ãããŸãã ãäžèšã§âŠãã®å Žå
çç¥ããå Žåã¯ãäœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã䜿çšãããŸã ($1ã$2 ãªã©)ã æŽå²çã«ã¯
ãã®ããã代ããã«å·Šäžæ¬åŒ§ãšå³äžæ¬åŒ§ã䜿çšããããšãã§ããŸãã do & è¡ãã ãã·ã³æ å ±ã®èšå ¥> ãšããæ§æã§ãªããã°ãªããŸãããäŸãã°ã select i; {
echo $ i; }ã ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ select 次ã®å Žåãã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã¯ãŒãã§ã ç Žã 声æã¯
ã«ãŒããçµäºããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãããã以å€ã®å Žåã¯ãŒã以å€ã§ãã
ãŸã§ ãªã¹ã; NS ãªã¹ã; çµãã
ããã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«æ©èœããŸã whileãã ããæ¬äœã¯çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã®éã®ã¿å®è¡ãããŸãã
æåã® ãªã¹ã ãŒã以å€ã§ãã
while ãªã¹ã; NS ãªã¹ã; çµãã
A while äºåã«ãã§ãã¯ãããã«ãŒãã§ãã ãã®æ¬äœã¯ãçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ãšåãé »åºŠã§å®è¡ãããŸãã
æåã® ãªã¹ã ã¯ãŒãã§ãã ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ while ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã¯æåŸã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã§ã
ãªã¹ã ã«ãŒãã®æ¬äœå ã æ¬äœãå®è¡ãããªãå Žåãçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããŸãã
ãŒãã
function å { ãªã¹ã; }
é¢æ°ãå®çŸ©ããŸã å ïŒåç §ããŠãã ãã æ©èœ äžã«ïŒã ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ããæå®ãããŠããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ãã
é¢æ°å®çŸ©ã®åŸã¯ãé¢æ°ãå®è¡ããããšãã§ã¯ãªããé¢æ°ãå®è¡ããããã³ã«å®è¡ãããŸãã
é¢æ°å®çŸ©ãå®è¡ãããŸãã
å() command
ã»ãšãã©åãã§ã function ïŒåç §ããŠãã ãã æ©èœ äžã«ïŒã åŸã®ç©ºçœïŒã¹ããŒã¹ãŸãã¯ã¿ãïŒ
å ã»ãšãã©ã®å Žåç¡èŠãããŸãã
function åïŒïŒ{ ãªã¹ã; }
ãšåã å() (bashã€ãºã ïŒã ã® function ããŒã¯ãŒãã¯ç¡èŠãããŸãã
æé [-p] [ãã€ãã©ã€ã³]
ã Command å®è¡ ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ã æé äºçŽèªã
(( è¡šçŸ ))
ç®è¡åŒ è¡šçŸ è©äŸ¡ãããŸãã ãlet åŒããšåç (ãlet åŒããåç §)
ç®è¡ è¡šçŸ ãš ã ã³ãã³ããäžèš) ãè€åæ§é å ã§äœ¿çšããŸãã
[[ è¡šçŸ ]]
ã«äŒŒãŠ test & [ ... ] ã³ãã³ã (åŸè¿°)ã次ã®ã³ãã³ãã䜿çšããŸãã
äŸå€ïŒ
· åŒæ°ã«å¯ŸããŠãã£ãŒã«ãåå²ãšãã¡ã€ã«åã®çæã¯å®è¡ãããŸããã
· ã -a (ãããŠ) -o (OR) æŒç®åã¯ãããããã&&ããšã||ãã«çœ®ãæããããŸãã
· æŒç®å (äŸ: '-f'ã'='ã'!') ã¯åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸãªãã§ãã ããã
· ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãã³ãã³ããããã³ç®è¡çœ®æã¯åŒã®ããã«å®è¡ãããŸãã
è©äŸ¡ãããé 延åŒã®è©äŸ¡ãã&&ããšã||ãã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã ãªãã¬ãŒã¿ãŒã
ããã¯ã次ã®ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã§ã¯ã $( 次ã®å Žåã«ã®ã¿è©äŸ¡ãããŸã
ãã¡ã€ã« foo ååšããèªã¿åãå¯èœã§ã:
$ [[ -r foo && $(
· ã!=ãããã³ã=ãåŒã® XNUMX çªç®ã®ãªãã©ã³ãã¯ããã¿ãŒã³ã®ãµãã»ããã§ã (äŸ:
æ¯èŒ [[ foobââar = ã¯ãœ ]] æåããŸãïŒã ããã¯éæ¥çã«ãæ©èœããŸãã
$ ããŒ=ããŒããŒ; baz='f*r'
$ [[ $bar = $baz ]]; ãšã³ãŒ$?
$ [[ $bar = "$baz" ]]; ãšã³ãŒ$?
ããããé©ãã¹ãããšã«ãæåã®æ¯èŒã¯æåããŸãããXNUMX çªç®ã®æ¯èŒã¯æåããŸããã
çŸæç¹ã§ã¯ãããã¯ãã¹ãŠã® extglob ã¡ã¿ãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒã«ã¯é©çšãããŸããã
åŒçš
åŒçšç¬Šã¯ãã·ã§ã«ãæåãåèªãç¹å¥ã«æ±ãããšãé²ãããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã ããã
åŒçšã®XNUMXã€ã®æ¹æ³ã ãŸããã\ãã¯æ¬¡ã®æåãåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ã¿ãŸãã
ãã®å Žåãã\ããšæ¹è¡ã®äž¡æ¹ãåé€ãããŸãã XNUMXã€ç®ã¯ã·ã³ã°ã«
åŒçšç¬Š (ã'ã) ã¯ã次ã®äžéåŒçšç¬ŠãŸã§ã®ãã¹ãŠãåŒçšããŸã (è¡ã«ãŸãããå ŽåããããŸã)ã 第äžã«ã
äºéåŒçšç¬Š ('"') ã¯ã'$'ã'`'ãããã³ '\' ãé€ãã次ã«ãšã¹ã±ãŒããããŠããªãæåãŸã§ã®ãã¹ãŠã®æåãåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ã¿ãŸãã
äºéåŒçšç¬Šã äºéåŒçšç¬Šå ã®ã$ããšã`ãã¯éåžžã®æå³ãæã¡ãŸãïŒã€ãŸãããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã
ç®è¡æŒç®ããŸãã¯ã³ãã³ã眮æ) ãé€ããçµæã«å¯ŸããŠãã£ãŒã«ãåå²ã¯å®è¡ãããŸããã
äºéåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸãã眮æã®äŸã§ãããã³ãã³ã眮æã®å€ã圢åŒã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
äºéåŒçšç¬Šã®ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥åŒçšç¬Šãæå¹ã«ãªããŸããã äºéåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããæååå ã®ã\ãã
'\'ã'$'ã'`'ããŸã㯠'"' ãç¶ãå ŽåãXNUMX çªç®ã®æåã«çœ®ãæããããŸãã
æ¹è¡ã«ãã£ãŠãã\ããšæ¹è¡ã®äž¡æ¹ãåé€ãããŸãã ãã以å€ã®å Žåã¯ãã\ããš
以éã®æåã¯å€æŽãããŸããã
äžéåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããæååã®åã«åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããŠããªã '$' ãããå ŽåãC ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã®ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥å±é (ã
以äž) ãé©çšãããŸã (å éšã®äžéåŒçšç¬Šæåããšã¹ã±ãŒãã§ããçµäºããŸãã)
ãã®å Žåã®æåå); å±éãããçµæã¯ãä»ã®åäžåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããæååãšããŠæ±ãããŸãã ãã
äºéåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããæååã®åã«åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããŠããªã '$' ãä»ããŠããå Žåã'$' ã¯åã«ç¡èŠãããŸãã
ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ æ¡å€§
ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ãå±éãããŠããå Žæã§ã¯ãç¹å®ã® C ããã³ AT&T UNIX kshã® ãŸãã¯GNU bash
ãšã¹ã±ãŒãã¯ç¿»èš³ãããŸãã ãããã«ã¯ãã\aããã\bããã\fããã\nããã\rããã\tããã\U########ãã
ã\u####ãããã³ã\vãã ã\U########ãããã³ã\u####ãã®å Žåãã#ã㯠XNUMX é²æ°ãæå³ããŸãã
8 ã€ãŸã㯠XNUMX ã€ãŸã§ã¯ååšããªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã ãããã®ãšã¹ã±ãŒãã¯ãUnicode ã³ãŒããã€ã³ãã UTF-XNUMX ã«å€æããŸãã
ããã«ãã\Eããšã\eãã¯ãšã¹ã±ãŒãæåã«å±éãããŸãã
å°å· çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã¢ãŒããã\"ããã\ããããã³ '\?' æ瀺çã«é€å€ãããŸã; XNUMX é²æ°ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹
å é ã«æ°åãŒã ('\0###') ãä»ããæ倧 XNUMX æ¡ã® XNUMX é²æ°åã#ããå«ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
XNUMX é²æ°ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã\x##ãã¯ãæ倧 XNUMX æ¡ã® XNUMX é²æ°ã#ãã«å¶éãããŸããã äž¡æ¹
XNUMX é²æ°ããã³ XNUMX é²æ°ã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã¯çã®ãªã¯ãããã«å€æãããŸãã '\#' (# ã¯äžèšã®ãããã§ããªã)ã
\# ã«å€æãããŸã (ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ã¯ä¿æãããŸã)ã
C ã¹ã¿ã€ã« ã¢ãŒãã§ã®ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥å±éã¯è¥å¹²ç°ãªããŸããXNUMX é²ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ '\###' ã«ã¯æ¬¡ã®æååãå¿ èŠã§ãã
XNUMX æ¡ãã XNUMX æ¡ãŸã§ã® XNUMX é²æ°ã#ãã®åã«ãŒããä»ãããçã®ãªã¯ããããçæããŸãã
XNUMX é²æ°ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã\x#*ãã¯ãã§ããã ãå€ãã® XNUMX é²æ°ã#ãã貪欲ã«æ¶è²»ããŸãã
æåã® XNUMX é²æ°ä»¥å€ã®æ°åã§çµäºããŸãã ããã㯠Unicode ã³ãŒããã€ã³ãã次ã®ããã«å€æããŸãã
UTF-8ã ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã\c#ãïŒã#ãã¯ä»»æã®ãªã¯ãããïŒã¯ãCtrl-# ã«å€æãããŸãïŒåºæ¬çã«ã¯
ã¯ãã\c?ããæå³ããŸãã 㯠DEL ã«ãªãããã®ä»ã¯ãã¹ãŠ 0x1F ãšãããããšã® AND æŒç®ãããŸã)ã æåŸã«ãã\#ããããã§
# ã¯äžèšã®ãããã§ããããŸãããããšãããã
æ¹è¡ã
ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹
ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã«ã¯ãéåžžã®ã³ãã³ã ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ãšè¿œè·¡ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã® XNUMX çš®é¡ããããŸãã ã³ãã³ããšã€ãªã¢ã¹
éåžžãé·ãã³ãã³ããŸãã¯é »ç¹ã«äœ¿çšãããã³ãã³ãã®ç瞮圢ãšããŠäœ¿çšãããŸãã æ®»ãåºãã
æåã®åèªãèªã¿åããšãã«ã³ãã³ãã®ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ (ã€ãŸãããã®å€ããšã€ãªã¢ã¹åã§çœ®ãæããŸã)
ã³ãã³ãã®ã æ¡åŒµããããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã¯ååŠçãããŠãããã«å¥ã®ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ããªãããã§ãã¯ãããŸãã ã³ãã³ãã®å Žå
ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ãã¹ããŒã¹ãŸãã¯ã¿ãã§çµããå Žåã次ã®åèªããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã®å±éã«ã€ããŠãã§ãã¯ãããŸãã ã®
ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹å±éããã»ã¹ã¯ããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã§ã¯ãªãåèªãèŠã€ãã£ãå ŽåããŸãã¯åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããåèªãèŠã€ãã£ãå Žåã«åæ¢ããŸãã
ãèŠã€ãã£ããšãããŸãã¯çŸåšå±éäžã®å¥åèªãèŠã€ãã£ããšãã å¥åã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
ç¹ã«ã€ã³ã¿ã©ã¯ãã£ããªæ©èœ: ãããã¯ã¹ã¯ãªããå ã
ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ã§ã¯ãå Žåã«ãã£ãŠã¯ããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ãåå¥è§£æäžã«å±éãããããããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã䜿çšããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
ã³ãã³ã ããªãŒããã®å®çŸ©ããåé¢ããŸãã ããããªããšããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ãèŠã€ãããŸããã
泚ç®ãã¹ãã¯ãã³ãã³ã ãªã¹ã (ã»ãã³ãã³ã§åºåãããã³ãã³ã眮æãæ¹è¡ã§åºåãããŠãã)
XNUMX ã€ã®åã解æããªãŒã§ãã£ãŠãããã
次ã®ã³ãã³ã ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã¯ã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠèªåçã«å®çŸ©ãããŸãã
autoload='\typeset -fu'
é¢æ°='\typeset -f'
ããã·ã¥='\çµã¿èŸŒã¿ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ -t'
å±¥æŽ='\builtin fc -l'
æŽæ°='\typeset -i'
ããŒã«ã«='\ã¿ã€ãã»ãã'
ãã°ã€ã³='\å®è¡ãã°ã€ã³'
nameref='\typeset -n'
nohup='nohup'
r='\builtin fc -e -'
type='\builtin whence -v'
远跡ããããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã䜿çšãããšãã·ã§ã«ã¯ç¹å®ã®ã³ãã³ããèŠã€ããå Žæãèšæ¶ã§ããŸãã æå
ã·ã§ã«ã远跡察象ã®ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ãšããŠããŒã¯ãããã³ãã³ãã®ãã¹æ€çŽ¢ãè¡ããšãã«ã
ã³ãã³ãã®ãã«ãã¹ã 次åã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããããšãã«ãã·ã§ã«ã¯
ä¿åããããã¹ããŸã æå¹ã§ãããã©ããã確èªããæå¹ã§ããå Žåã¯ãã¹æ€çŽ¢ã®ç¹°ãè¿ããåé¿ããŸãã
远跡ããããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã¯ã次ã䜿çšããŠãªã¹ãããã³äœæã§ããŸãã alias -tã PATHãå€æŽããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ãã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ã远跡ããããã¹ãŠã®ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã®ä¿åããããã¹ãã¯ãªã¢ããŸãã ãã ãã©ãã¯ãªãŒã« ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠãã
ïŒããªãã¡ã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -o ãã©ãã¯ãªãŒã« or ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -h)ãã·ã§ã«ã¯ãã¹ãŠã®ã³ãã³ãã远跡ããŸãã ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠãã
é察話åã·ã§ã«ã®å Žåã¯èªåçã«å®è¡ãããŸãã 察話åã·ã§ã«ã®å Žåã¯ã次ã®ãã®ã®ã¿
ã³ãã³ãã¯èªåçã«è¿œè·¡ãããŸãã catïŒ1ïŒ ccïŒ1ïŒ chmodïŒ1ïŒ cpïŒ1ïŒ dateïŒ1ïŒ edïŒ1ïŒ
ãšããã¯ã¹ïŒ1ïŒ grepïŒ1ïŒ lsïŒ1ïŒ makeïŒ1ïŒ mvïŒ1ïŒ prïŒ1ïŒ rmïŒ1ïŒ sedïŒ1ïŒ shïŒ1ïŒ viïŒ1ïŒãšã whoãšããŸãã
眮æ
åçŽãªã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããéã«ã·ã§ã«ãè¡ãæåã®ã¹ãããã¯ã眮æãå®è¡ããããšã§ãã
åœä»€ã®èšèã 眮æã«ã¯ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãã³ãã³ããããã³
ç®è¡ã ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®çœ®æã«ã€ããŠã¯ã次ã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§è©³ãã説æããŸãã
$ ãšãã圢åŒãåããŸãå ãŸã㯠${...}; ã³ãã³ã眮æã®åœ¢åŒã¯ $( commandïŒãŸãã¯
(éæšå¥š) ` command` ãŸã㯠(çŸåšã®ç°å¢ã§å®è¡) ${ command;} ãããŠã¹ããªãã
æ«å°Ÿã®æ¹è¡; ç®è¡çœ®æ㯠$((è¡šçŸïŒïŒã ã解æããŠããŸã
çŸåšã®ç°å¢ã®ã³ãã³ã眮æã«ã¯ãéå§éšåã®åŸã«ã¹ããŒã¹ãã¿ãããŸãã¯æ¹è¡ãå¿ èŠã§ã
äžæ¬åŒ§ãšå³äžæ¬åŒ§ãããŒã¯ãŒããšããŠèªèãããããš (ã€ãŸããåã«æ¹è¡ãæ¥ã)
ãŸãã¯ã»ãã³ãã³)ã ããã㯠funsub (é¢æ°çœ®æ) ãšãåŒã°ãã次ã®ããã«åäœããŸãã
ãã®äžã§æ©èœãã ããŒã«ã« & return ä»äºããããŠãã®äžã§ çµäºãã 芪ã·ã§ã«ãçµäºããŸãã ã·ã§ã«
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯å ±æãããŸãã
眮æã®å¥ã®å€åœ¢ã¯ãvalsub (å€çœ®æ) ${| ã§ãã command;}
funsub ãšåæ§ã«çŸåšã®ç°å¢ã§ãå®è¡ãããŸãããI/O ã芪ãšå ±æããŸãã
代ããã«ãæåã¯ç©ºã®åŒããŒã«ã«å€æ° REPLY ãäœã§ãã£ãŠãè©äŸ¡ãããŸãã
以å ã«èšå® commands.
眮æãäºéåŒçšç¬Šã®å€åŽã«ããå Žåã眮æã®çµæã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããŸãã
éåžžãIFS ã®çŸåšã®å€ã«å¿ããŠã¯ãŒããŸãã¯ãã£ãŒã«ãã®åå²ã®å¯Ÿè±¡ãšãªããŸãã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã IFS ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ãæååãåå²ããããã«äœ¿çšããããªã¯ãããã®ãªã¹ããæå®ããŸãã
ããã€ãã®èšèã«ãŸãšããŠã IFS ã«è¡šç€ºããããã»ãããããã¹ããŒã¹ãã¿ããããã³æ¹è¡ã®ãªã¯ããã
ãªã¯ãããã¯ãIFS ãã¯ã€ãã¹ããŒã¹ããšåŒã°ããŸãã XNUMX ã€ä»¥äžã® IFS ãã¯ã€ãã¹ããŒã¹ ãªã¯ãããã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ (åäœ:
XNUMX åãŸã㯠XNUMX åã®é IFS ãã¯ã€ãã¹ããŒã¹ ãªã¯ããããšã®çµã¿åããã§ããã£ãŒã«ããåºåããŸãã ç¹æ®ãªå ŽåãšããŠã
å é ããã³æ«å°Ÿã® IFS 空çœã¯åé€ãããŸã (ã€ãŸããå é ãŸãã¯æ«å°Ÿã®ç©ºãã£ãŒã«ãã¯åé€ãããŸãã)
ããã«ãã£ãŠäœæãããŸããïŒ; å é ãŸãã¯æ«å°Ÿã®é IFS 空çœã¯ç©ºã®ãã£ãŒã«ããäœæããŸãã
äŸ: IFS ãããã«èšå®ãããŠããå Žå:âãVAR ã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«èšå®ãããŸã
ã ã: B::Dâã$VAR ã®çœ®æçµæ㯠XNUMX ã€ã®ãã£ãŒã«ãã«ãªããŸã: 'A'ã
'B'ã'' (空ã®ãã£ãŒã«ã)ãããã³ 'D'ã IFS ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã空ã«èšå®ãããŠããå Žåã¯ã
æååããã£ãŒã«ãåå²ã¯è¡ãããŸããã èšå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ãã¹ããŒã¹ãã¿ããããã³
æ¹è¡ã䜿çšãããŸãã
ãŸãããã£ãŒã«ãåå²ã¯ããã®çŽåŸã®çµæã«ã®ã¿é©çšãããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
眮æã åã®äŸã䜿çšãããšã$VAR:E ã眮æãããšã次ã®ããã«ãªããŸãã
ãã£ãŒã«ã: 'A'ã'B'ã''ãããã³ 'D:E'ã'A'ã'B'ã''ã'D'ãããã³ 'E' ã§ã¯ãããŸããã ãã®åäœã¯ POSIX ã§ã
æºæ ããŠããŸããããã£ãŒã«ãåå²ãè¡ãä»ã®ã·ã§ã«å®è£ ãšã¯äºææ§ããããŸãã
眮æãå«ãåèªãæå®ããããäžè¬çãªç©ºçœåºåãæåãšã㊠IFS ã䜿çšããŸãã
ç¹ã«æå®ããªãéãã眮æã®çµæãäžæ¬åŒ§å±éã®å¯Ÿè±¡ãšãªããŸãã
ãã¡ã€ã«åæ¡åŒµ (以äžã®é¢é£ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãåç §)ã
ã³ãã³ã眮æã¯ãæå®ãããã³ãã³ãã«ãã£ãŠçæãããåºåã«ãã£ãŠçœ®ãæããããŸãã
ãµãã·ã§ã«ã§å®è¡ããŸãã $(ã®å Žå command) ãš ${| command;} ãš ${ command;} 眮æãéåžž
åŒçšç¬Šã«ãŒã«ã¯æ¬¡ã®å Žåã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã command 解æãããã ãã ããéæšå¥šã® ` ã«ã€ããŠã¯ã command` ãã©ãŒã ã
'\' ã®åŸã«ç¶ã '$'ã'`'ããŸã㯠'\' ã¯åé€ãããŸã (眮æãäžéšã§ããå Žå㯠'"' ãšåæ§)
äºéåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããæååã®); ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ã\ãã®åŸã«ä»ã®æåãç¶ãå Žåã¯å€æŽãããŸããã
ã³ãã³ã眮æã®ç¹æ®ãªã±ãŒã¹ãšããŠã次ã®åœ¢åŒã®ã³ãã³ãfile ãšè§£éãããŸã
ã®å 容ã眮ãæãããšããæå³ã§ã fileã ãäºæ¿ãã ãã $( ãšåãå¹æããããŸã $ïŒç« ãµãŒïŒ.
äžéšã®ã·ã§ã«ã§ã¯ã³ãã³ã眮æã«ååž°çããŒãµãŒã䜿çšãããªãããã
ç¹å®ã®æ§æã®å€±æã 移æ€å¯èœã«ããã«ã¯ãåé¿çãšã㊠'x=$(cat) <<"EOF"' (ãŸãã¯
åã«æååãäžžåã¿ãã代ããã«ãæ¹è¡ãç¶æã㊠'x=<<"EOF"' æ¡åŒµåãä»ããŸãã IEEEæšæº1003.1
(ãPOSIX.1ã) ã¯ããx=$(case $foo in (bar) echo $barããšãã圢åŒã® case ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã䜿çšããããšãæšå¥šããŠããŸãã
;; (*) $baz ããšã³ãŒãã ;; esac)' ã代ããã«äœ¿çšããŸããããã¯æ©èœããŸããããã®äŸãšããŠã¯æ©èœããŸããã
æºåž¯æ§ã®åé¡ã
x=$(case $foo in bar) echo $bar ;; *) $baz ããšã³ãŒãââãŸã ;; ã€ãŒãµãã¯)
# äžèšã¯å€ãã·ã§ã«ã§ã¯è§£æã«å€±æããŸãã 以äžã¯åé¿çã§ã
x=$(eval $(cat)) <<"EOF"
case $foo in bar) echo $bar ;; *) $baz ããšã³ãŒãââãŸã ;; ã€ãŒãµãã¯
EOF
ç®è¡çœ®æã¯ãæå®ãããåŒã®å€ã«çœ®ãæããããŸãã ããã«
ããšãã°ãã³ãã³ã å°å· $((2+3*4)) 14 ã衚瀺ããŸãã ãåç §ããŠãã ããã ç®è¡ è¡šçŸ ã®ããã«
åŒã®èª¬æã
èšæž¬ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ã·ã§ã«å€æ°ã§ãã å€ãå²ãåœãŠããããã®å€ã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãããã§ããŸã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿çœ®æã䜿çšããŸãã ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿åã¯ç¹æ®ãªåäžã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®ããããã§ãã
以äžã«èª¬æããå¥èªç¹ãŸãã¯æ°åã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ããŸãã¯æåã®åŸã«ãŒããŸãã¯
ããå€ãã®æåãŸãã¯æ°å (ã_ã㯠XNUMX æåãšããŠã«ãŠã³ããããŸã)ã åŸè ã®åœ¢åŒã¯é åãšããŠæ±ãããšãã§ããŸã
[ 圢åŒã®é åã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ãè¿œå ããããšã«ãããåŒ] ã©ã åŒ ã¯ç®è¡åŒã§ãã
é åã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ ã ã¯ã·ã¥ 0 ïœ 4294967295 ã®ç¯å²ã«å¶éãããŸãã ããã¯ã
ããã㯠32 ãããã®ç¬Šå·ãªãæŽæ°ã§ãã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®çœ®æ㯠$ ã®åœ¢åŒãåããŸããåã${å}ããŸã㯠${å[åŒ]} ã©ã å ã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿åã ãã¹ãŠã®é åèŠçŽ ã ${ ã«çœ®ãæããŸãå[*]} ãš ${å[@]}ã®äœå
äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã® $* ããã³ $@ ã«çžåœããŸãã 眮æãå®è¡ãããå Žåã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ïŒãŸãã¯é åãã©ã¡ãŒã¿èŠçŽ ïŒãèšå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ãNULL æååã眮ãæããããŸã
ãé€ã㊠åè©ã»ãã ãªãã·ã§ã³ïŒã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -o åè©ã»ãã or ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -u)ãèšå®ãããŠããå Žåã¯ãšã©ãŒãšãªããŸãã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«ã¯ããŸããŸãªæ¹æ³ã§å€ãå²ãåœãŠãããšãã§ããŸãã ãŸããã·ã§ã«ã¯æé»çã«èšå®ããŸãã
ã#ãããPWDããã$ããªã©ã®ããã€ãã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã ãããç¹å¥ãªåäžæåã䜿çšããå¯äžã®æ¹æ³ã§ã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãèšå®ãããŸãã 次ã«ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ã·ã§ã«ã®ç°å¢ããã€ã³ããŒããããŸãã
èµ·åããã XNUMX çªç®ã«ãã³ãã³ã ã©ã€ã³ã§ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«å€ãå²ãåœãŠãããšãã§ããŸããããšãã°ã次ã®ããã«ãªããŸãã FOO = bar
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãFOOãããbarãã«èšå®ããŸãã åäžã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«è€æ°ã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãå²ãåœãŠãããšãã§ããŸãã
ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ã®åŸã«åçŽãªã³ãã³ããç¶ããããšãã§ããŸãããã®å Žåãå²ãåœãŠã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããŸãã
ã³ãã³ãã®å®è¡äžã®ã¿æå¹ã§ã (ãã®ãããªå²ãåœãŠããšã¯ã¹ããŒããããŸãããåç §)
ãã®åœ±é¿ã«ã€ããŠã¯ä»¥äžã§èª¬æããŸã)ã ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿åãšã=ãã®äž¡æ¹ãæå®ããå¿ èŠãããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
ã·ã§ã«ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å²ãåœãŠãèªèã§ããããã«åŒçšç¬Šãªãã§æå®ããŸãã æ§æ FOO+=ã㺠ã
èªèããã; å€ãå€ãšæ°ããå€ã¯ããã«é£çµãããŸãã XNUMXçªç®ã®èšå®æ¹æ³
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ export, å šäœçãª, èªã¿åãå°çš, ã¿ã€ãã»ãã ã³ãã³ãã 圌ããèŠãŠãã ãã
ã®èª¬æ Command å®è¡ ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã äºçªç®ã for & select ã«ãŒãã¯ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãèšå®ããŸã
ãªã© ååŸ, read, ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -A ã³ãã³ãã æåŸã«ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãå²ãåœãŠãããšãã§ããŸã
ç®è¡åŒå ã§ä»£å ¥æŒç®åã䜿çšããå€ (ã ç®è¡ è¡šçŸ
以äž)ããŸã㯠${ ã䜿çšããŸãå=å€ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿çœ®æã®åœ¢åŒ (以äžãåç §)ã
ãšã¯ã¹ããŒãå±æ§ãæã€ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ ( export or ã¿ã€ãã»ãã -x ã³ãã³ãããŸãã¯
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å²ãåœãŠãšããã«ç¶ãåçŽãªã³ãã³ãïŒãç°å¢ã«çœ®ãããŸãïŒã
ç°å¢(7)) ãšããŠã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠå®è¡ãããã³ãã³ã å=å€ ãã¢ã ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®é åº
ã³ãã³ãã®ç°å¢ã«çŸãããã®ã¯äžç¹å®ã§ãã ã·ã§ã«ãèµ·åãããšã
ç°å¢ãããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãšãã®å€ãæœåºãããšã¯ã¹ããŒããèªåçã«èšå®ããŸãã
ãããã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å±æ§ã
修食å㯠${ ã«é©çšã§ããŸãåãã©ã¡ãŒã¿çœ®æã®åœ¢åŒ:
${å:-åèª}
If å èšå®ãããŠãããNULL ã§ã¯ãªãå Žåã¯ã眮æãããŸãã ãããªããšã åèª ä»£çšãããŸãã
${å:+åèª}
If å ãèšå®ãããŠãããNULL ã§ã¯ãããŸããã åèª çœ®æãããŸãã ãã以å€ã®å Žåã¯äœã眮ãæããããŸããã
${å:=åèª}
If å èšå®ãããŠãããNULL ã§ã¯ãªãå Žåã¯ã眮æãããŸãã ãã以å€ã®å Žåã¯å²ãåœãŠãããŸã åèª &
çµæã®å€ å 代çšãããŸãã
${å:?åèª}
If å èšå®ãããŠãããNULL ã§ã¯ãªãå Žåã¯ã眮æãããŸãã ãããªããšã åèª ã«å°å·ãããŠããŸã
æšæºèª€å·® (å é ã« å:) ãšã©ãŒãçºçããŸã (éåžžã¯çµäºããŸã)
ã.ãã䜿çšããŠãœãŒã¹ãããã·ã§ã« ã¹ã¯ãªãããé¢æ°ããŸãã¯ã¹ã¯ãªããã®å èµãããŠããŸãïŒã ãã åèª is
çç¥ããå Žåã¯ãæååããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã null ãŸãã¯èšå®ãããŠããªããã代ããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã çŸæç¹ã§ã¯ãã°ã§ããã
if åèª ã NULL æååã«å±éãããå€æ°ã§ããå Žåããšã©ãŒ ã¡ãã»ãŒãžã
å°å·ãããŸãã
äžèšãã¹ãŠã«ã€ããŠã次ã®ç¹ã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã åèª å®éã«ã¯åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸãããšã¿ãªãããç¹å¥ãªè§£æãè¡ãããŸã
ã«ãŒã«ãé©çšãããŸãã 解æã«ãŒã«ã¯ãåŒãäºéåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããŠãããã©ããã«ãã£ãŠãç°ãªããŸãã åèª
次ã«ãäºéåŒçšç¬Šèªäœ ('"') ãšçµãããé€ããŠãäºéåŒçšç¬Šã«ãŒã«ã䜿çšããŸãã
äžæ¬åŒ§ãããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ããšã¹ã±ãŒããããŠããå ŽåãåŒçšç¬Šã®åé€ãé©çšãããŸãã
äžèšã®ä¿®é£Ÿåã§ã¯ãã:ããçç¥ã§ããŸãããã®å Žåãæ¡ä»¶ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãã®ã®ã¿ã«äŸåããŸãã
å èšå®ãããŠããŸã (èšå®ãããŠã㊠NULL ã§ã¯ãªãã®ãšã¯å¯Ÿç §çã«)ã ãã åèª å¿ èŠãªãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãã³ãã³ãã
ç®è¡æŒç®ãšãã«ã眮æãå®è¡ãããŸãã ãã åèª å¿ èŠãããŸãããå¿ èŠãããŸãã
è©äŸ¡ãããŸããã
次ã®åœ¢åŒã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿çœ®æã䜿çšã§ããŸã ( å ã¯é åã§ããã
ããŒã0ããæã€èŠçŽ ã¯ã¹ã«ã©ãŒ ã³ã³ããã¹ãã§çœ®æãããŸã):
$ {ïŒå}
äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®æ°ã å '*'ã'@'ããŸãã¯æå®ãããŠããŸããã ãããªããš
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®æååå€ã®é·ãïŒæåæ°ïŒ å.
$ {ïŒå[*]}
$ {ïŒå[@]}
é åå ã®èŠçŽ ã®æ° å.
$ {ïŒ å}
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®æååå€ã®å¹ ïŒç»é¢ååäœïŒ åããŸã㯠-1 ã®å Žå
${å} ã«ã¯å¶åŸ¡æåãå«ãŸããŠããŸãã
${!å}
ã«ãã£ãŠåç §ãããå€æ°ã®åå åã ããã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããŸã å æãé€ã㊠å is
ã«ãã£ãŠäœæãããåååç § (ãã€ã³ãå€æ°) åååç § ã³ãã³ã (ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã§ã)
for ã¿ã€ãã»ãã -n).
${!å[*]}
${!å[@]}
é åå ã®ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ (ããŒ) ã®åå å.
${å#ãã¿ãŒã³}
${å##ãã¿ãŒã³}
If ãã¿ãŒã³ ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å€ã®å é ãšäžèŽããŸã åãäžèŽããããã¹ãã¯
眮æçµæããåé€ãããŸãã åäžã®ã#ãã䜿çšãããšæçã®çµæã«ãªããŸã
ãã®ãã¡ã® XNUMX ã€ã¯æãé·ãäžèŽã«ãªããŸãã ãã¯ãã«ã«ã¯é©çšã§ããŸãã
(${*} ãŸã㯠${@} ãŸã㯠${array[*]} ãŸã㯠${array[@]})ã
${å%ãã¿ãŒã³}
${å%%ãã¿ãŒã³}
${..#..} 眮æãšäŒŒãŠããŸãããå€ã®æ«å°Ÿããåé€ãããŸãã ããããªã
ãã¯ãã«ã«é©çšãããŸãã
${å/ãã¿ãŒã³/æåå}
${å/#ãã¿ãŒã³/æåå}
${å/%ãã¿ãŒã³/æåå}
${å//ãã¿ãŒã³/æåå}
ã®æé·è©Šå ãã¿ãŒã³ ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å€ã« å ã«çœ®ãæããããŸã æåå
(次ã®å Žåã¯åé€ãããŸã) æåå 空ã§ãã ãã®å Žåãæ«å°Ÿã®ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ (ã/ã) ã¯çç¥ã§ããŸã)ã
å é ã®ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ã®åŸã«ã#ããŸãã¯ã%ããä»ãããšããã¿ãŒã³ãã¢ã³ã«ãŒäœçœ®ã«åºå®ãããŸãã
ããããå€ã®å é ãŸãã¯æ«å°Ÿã 空ã®ã¢ã³ã«ãŒãªã ãã¿ãŒã³åå ã¯ãããŸãã
亀æ; åäžã®å é ã®ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ãŸã㯠ãã¿ãŒã³ ããã¯ç©ºã®ãã®ãšäžèŽããŸã
string ãæå®ãããšã眮æã XNUMX åã ãè¡ãããŸãã å é ã® XNUMX ã€ã®ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ã¯ãã¹ãŠã®åå ã«ãªããŸã
眮æãããå€å ã«äžèŽãããã®ãçºçããæ°ã ãã¯ãã«ã«ã¯é©çšã§ããŸããã
éå¹ççã«å®è£ ãããŠãããããé床ãé ããªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
${å:æçš¿ãã:LEN}
æåã® LEN ã®æå åãäœçœ®ããéå§ æçš¿ããããä»£å ¥ãããŸãã äž¡æ¹
æçš¿ãã ãšïŒLEN ã¯ãªãã·ã§ã³ã§ãã ãã æçš¿ãã ãè² ã®å Žåãã«ãŠã³ãã¯çµäºæã«éå§ãããŸãã
匊; çç¥ããå Žåã¯ãããã©ã«ãã® 0 ã«ãªããŸãã LEN çç¥ãããŠãããããããã倧ãã
æ®ãã®æååã®é·ãã¯ãã¹ãŠçœ®ãæããããŸãã äž¡æ¹ æçš¿ãã & LEN ã
ç®è¡åŒãšããŠè©äŸ¡ãããŸãã çŸåšã æçš¿ãã ã¹ããŒã¹ã§å§ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
å·Šæ¬åŒ§ãŸãã¯èªèãããæ°åã ãã¯ãã«ã«ã¯é©çšã§ããŸããã
${å@#}
ã®å±éã®ããã·ã¥ (BAFH ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã䜿çš) åã ããã䜿ãããŠããŸã
ã·ã§ã«ã®ããã·ã¥ããŒãã«çšã«å éšçã«ã
${å@Q}
åå ¥åããŠãå®å šãªåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããåŒããã®å€ã¯ å
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãä»£å ¥ãããŸãã
泚æããŠãã ãã ãã¿ãŒã³ æ¡åŒµã°ããã³ã° ãã¿ãŒã³ (@(...))ãåäž ('...')ããŸãã¯äºéãå¿ èŠãªå ŽåããããŸã
("...") åŒçšç¬Šãšã¹ã±ãŒã -o sh èšå®ãããŠããŸãã
次ã®ç¹å¥ãªãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠæé»çã«èšå®ãããçŽæ¥èšå®ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã
å²ãåœãŠã䜿çšããŠ:
ïŒ æåŸã«éå§ãããããã¯ã°ã©ãŠã³ã ããã»ã¹ã®ããã»ã¹ IDã ããã¯ã°ã©ãŠã³ãããã»ã¹ããªãå Žåã¯ã
éå§ãããå Žåããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯èšå®ãããŠããŸããã
# äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®æ° ($1ã$2 ãªã©)ã
$ ã·ã§ã«ã® PIDããŸãã¯ãµãã·ã§ã«ã®å Žåã¯å ã®ã·ã§ã«ã® PIDã ãã NOT
ãã®ã¡ã«ããºã ã䜿çšããŠäžæãã¡ã€ã«åãçæããŸãã èŠã mktempïŒ1ïŒä»£ããã«ã
- çŸåšã® XNUMX æåã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®é£çµ ( ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« 以äžã®ã³ãã³ã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®ãªã¹ãã«ã€ããŠã¯)ã
? æåŸã«å®è¡ãããéåæã³ãã³ãã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã æåŸã®ã³ãã³ãã®å Žå
ä¿¡å·ã«ãã£ãŠæ®ºãããã $? 㯠128 ã«ã·ã°ãã«çªå·ãå ããå€ã«èšå®ãããŸãããæ倧ã§ã 255 ã§ãã
0 ã·ã§ã«ã®ååã次ã®ããã«æ±ºå®ãããŸããæåã®åŒæ° ã ã¯ã·ã¥ ã ã£ãã
ã§åŒã³åºãããŸã -c ãªãã·ã§ã³ãšåŒæ°ãæå®ãããŸããã ãã以å€ã®å Žå㯠file åŒæ°ãå Žå
ããã¯äŸçµŠãããŸããã ãŸãã¯ãã·ã§ã«ãåŒã³åºãããããŒã¹å (ã€ãŸããargv[0])ã $0
çŸåšã®ã¹ã¯ãªããã®ååãŸãã¯çŸåšã®é¢æ°ã®ååã«ãèšå®ãããŸãã
ã§å®çŸ©ãããŠããå Žå function ããŒã¯ãŒã (ã€ãŸããKorn ã·ã§ã« ã¹ã¿ã€ã«é¢æ°)ã
1 .. 9 ã·ã§ã«ãé¢æ°ããŸãã¯é¢æ°ã«æå®ãããæåã® XNUMX ã€ã®äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿
ã.ãã䜿çšããŠãœãŒã¹ãããã¹ã¯ãªããå èµã ããã«äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãæå®ããããšãã§ããŸãã
${ ã䜿çšããŠã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããŸãæ°}.
* ãã¹ãŠã®äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ (0 ãé€ã)ãã€ãŸã $1ã$2ã$3ã...
äºéåŒçšç¬Šã®å€åŽã§äœ¿çšããå Žåããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒã¯å¥ã®åèªã«ãªããŸã (察象ãšãªãã®ã¯
åèªåå²ã«); äºéåŒçšç¬Šå ã§äœ¿çšããå Žåããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯
IFS ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®æåã®æå (ãŸãã¯ãIFS ã NULL ã®å Žåã¯ç©ºã®æåå)ã
@ ãšåã $*ãã ããäºéåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãã§äœ¿çšããªãéããäºéåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãã å Žåã¯å¥ã®åèªã«ãªããŸãã
äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ããšã«çæãããŸãã äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ããªãå Žåã¯ã
ãšããèšèãçæãããŸãã $@ 倱ãããšãªãåŒæ°ã«éèªçã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããããã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸã
NULL åŒæ°ããŸãã¯ã¹ããŒã¹ã§åŒæ°ãåå²ããŸãã
次ã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠèšå®ããã³/ãŸãã¯äœ¿çšãããŸãã
_ (ã¢ã³ããŒã¹ã³ã¢) å€éšã³ãã³ããã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠå®è¡ãããå Žåããã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯
æ°ããããã»ã¹ã®ç°å¢ã§ãå®è¡ãããããã»ã¹ã®ãã¹ã«èšå®ãããŸãã
æ瀺ã 察話åã§äœ¿çšããå Žåããã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯èŠªã·ã§ã«ã§ã次ã®ããã«èšå®ãããŸãã
åã®ã³ãã³ãã®æåŸã®åèªã
BASHPID ã·ã§ã«ãŸãã¯ãµãã·ã§ã«ã® PIDã
CDPATH PATH ãšäŒŒãŠããŸãããåŒæ°ã解決ããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã cd çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ãã 泚èš
CDPATH ãèšå®ãããŠããŠãã.ããå«ãŸããŠããªãå ŽåãŸãã¯ç©ºã®æååèŠçŽ ã
ã«ã¬ã³ããã£ã¬ã¯ããªã¯æ€çŽ¢ãããŸããã ãŸãã cd çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ãã衚瀺ãããŸã
以å€ã®æ€çŽ¢ãã¹ã§äžèŽãèŠã€ãã£ãå Žåã®çµæã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ããª
空ã®éã
COLUMNS 端æ«ãŸãã¯ãŠã£ã³ããŠã®åæ°ã«èšå®ããŸãã åžžã«èšå®ãããã©ã«ã
ã«ãã£ãŠå ±åãããå€ãé€ãã80 ãŸã§ ã¹ãã£(1) ã¯ãŒãã§ã¯ãªããååã«æ£åžžã§ã
(æå°å€ã¯ 12x3); LINESãåæ§ã§ãã ãã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ã
ã€ã³ã¿ã©ã¯ãã£ããªã©ã€ã³ç·šéã¢ãŒããããã³ select, ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -o, kill -l ã³ãã³ã
æ å ±åã®æžåŒãèšå®ããŸãã ç°å¢ããã®ã€ã³ããŒããŸãã¯èšå®è§£é€
ãã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ãå®éã®ç«¯æ«ãµã€ãºãžã®ãã€ã³ãã£ã³ã°ãåé€ãã
æäŸããã䟡å€ã
ENV ãããã¡ã€ã« ãã¡ã€ã«ã®å®è¡åŸã«ãã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãèšå®ãããŠããããšãå€æããå Žåã
å±éãããå€ã¯ã·ã§ã«èµ·åãã¡ã€ã«ãšããŠäœ¿çšãããŸãã éåžžãé¢æ°ãå«ãŸããŠããŸã
ããã³ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã®å®çŸ©ã
ERRNO ã·ã§ã«ã®æŽæ°å€ ãšã©ãŒ å€æ°ã ããã¯æåŸã®çç±ã瀺ããŠããŸã
ã·ã¹ãã ã³ãŒã«ã倱æããŸããã ãŸã å®è£ ãããŠããŸããã
EXECSHELL èšå®ãããŠããå Žåããã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«ã¯ã次ã®ç®çã§äœ¿çšãããã·ã§ã«ãå«ãŸããŠãããšã¿ãªãããŸãã
ã³ãã³ããå®è¡ãã å®è¡ãã(2) å®è¡ã«å€±æãã
ãïŒïŒshell" é åºã
FCEDIT ã§äœ¿çšããããšãã£ã¿ãŒ fc ã³ãã³ãïŒä»¥äžãåç §ïŒã
FPATH PATH ãšäŒŒãŠããŸããããã¡ã€ã«ãèŠã€ããããã«æªå®çŸ©ã®é¢æ°ãå®è¡ããããšãã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
é¢æ°ãå®çŸ©ããŸãã ã³ãã³ããèŠã€ãããªãå Žåã«ãæ€çŽ¢ãããŸãã
ãã¹ã èŠã æ©èœ 詳现ã«ã€ããŠã¯ã以äžãã芧ãã ããã
HISTFILE ã³ãã³ãå±¥æŽãä¿åããããã«äœ¿çšããããã¡ã€ã«ã®ååã å²ãåœãŠãŸãã¯èšå®ã解é€ãããšã
ãã¡ã€ã«ãéãããå±¥æŽãåãè©°ããããŠãããã¡ã€ã«ããããŒããããŸãã ãã®åŸ
æ°ããã³ãã³ã (ããããè€æ°è¡ã§æ§æãããŸã) ã¯ãã³ãã³ããè¿œå ããããšè¿œå ãããŸãã
æ£åžžã«ã³ã³ãã€ã«ãããŸããã ãŸããã·ã§ã«ã®è€æ°ã®åŒã³åºãã§å ±æãããŸãã
HISTFILE ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ããã¹ãŠåããã¡ã€ã«ãæããŠããå Žåãå±¥æŽã
Note: HISTFILE ãèšå®ãããŠããªãã空ã®å Žåãå±¥æŽãã¡ã€ã«ã¯äœ¿çšãããŸããã ããã¯
AT&T UNIX ãšã¯ç°ãªããŸã kshã®.
HISTSIZE éåžžãå±¥æŽãšããŠä¿åãããã³ãã³ãã®æ°ã ããã©ã«ã㯠2047 ã§ãã
ãã®å€ã 1000000000 ãªã©ã®éåžžã«é«ãå€ã«èšå®ããªãã§ãã ããã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ ã§ãã
ãã®å Žåãå±¥æŽã«ååãªã¡ã¢ãªãå²ãåœãŠããããèµ·åããªããªããŸãã
HOME ã®ããã©ã«ãã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ã㪠cd ã³ãã³ããšããã«ä»£å ¥ãããå€
è³æ Œãªã ~ ïŒåç §ããŠãã ãã ãã«ã æ¡å€§ äžïŒã
IFS å éšãã£ãŒã«ãåºåãæåã眮æäžããã³ read åœä»€ãã«
å€ãåå¥ã®åŒæ°ã«åå²ããŸãã éåžžã¯ã¹ããŒã¹ãã¿ããæ¹è¡ã«èšå®ãããŸãã
èŠã 眮æ 詳现ã¯äžèšã
Note: ã·ã§ã«ãå®è¡ãããŠããå Žåããã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ç°å¢ããã€ã³ããŒããããŸããã
éå§ããŸããã
KSHEGID ã·ã§ã«ã®å®å¹ã°ã«ãŒã IDã
KSHGID ã·ã§ã«ã®å®éã®ã°ã«ãŒã IDã
KSHUID ã·ã§ã«ã®å®éã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ IDã
KSH_VERSION ã·ã§ã«ã®ååãšããŒãžã§ã³ (èªã¿åãå°çš)ã version ã³ãã³ããåç §ããŠãã ããã
in Emacs ç·šé ã¢ãŒã & Vi ç·šé ã¢ãŒã 以äžã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã
LINENO çŸåšå®è¡äžã®é¢æ°ãŸãã¯ã·ã§ã« ã¹ã¯ãªããã®è¡çªå·
å®è¡ãããŸããã
LINES 端æ«ãŸãã¯ãŠã£ã³ããŠäžã®è¡æ°ã«èšå®ããŸãã åžžã«èšå®ãããããã©ã«ãã¯
24.ãã³ã©ã ããåç §ããŠãã ããã
ãšããã¯ãªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã
ã«ãã£ãŠè¿ããããšããã¯ããã®æé ä»æ¥ã®æéãååŸãã(2)ãXNUMX é²æ°ãšããŠãã©ãŒããã
ãã¬ãç§ ãã®åŸã«ããã (ã.ã) ãç¶ãã ãã¬ã_usec å°æ°ç¹ä»¥äž XNUMX æ¡ãŸã§åã蟌ãŸããŸã
æ¡ã
OLDPWD 以åã®äœæ¥ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã 次ã®å Žåã¯èšå®ã解é€ããŸã cd æ£åžžã«å€æŽãããŠããŸãã
ã·ã§ã«ã®éå§ä»¥éã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªããŸãã¯ã·ã§ã«ããã£ã¬ã¯ããªã®å ŽæãèªèããŠããªãå Žåã
ãªãã¿ãŒã°äœ¿çšæ ååŸã解æããããªãã·ã§ã³ã®åŒæ°ãå«ãŸããŠããå Žåã
XNUMX ã€å¿ èŠã§ãã
OPTIND 䜿çšæã«åŠçããã次ã®åŒæ°ã®ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ ååŸã 1ãå²ãåœãŠã
ãã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«ããã ååŸ åŒæ°ãæåããåŠçããã«ã¯ã
次ååŒã³åºããããšãã
PATH æ€çŽ¢ããããã£ã¬ã¯ããªã®ã³ãã³ (OS/2 ã§ã¯ã»ãã³ãã³) ã§åºåããããªã¹ãã
ã.ãã䜿çšããŠãœãŒã¹ãããã³ãã³ããšãã¡ã€ã«ãæ€çŽ¢ããå Žåã ã³ãã³ãïŒä»¥äžãåç §ïŒã
å é ãŸãã¯æ«å°Ÿã®ã³ãã³ããŸãã¯é£æ¥ãã XNUMX ã€ã®ã³ãã³ããçãã空ã®æåå
ã³ãã³ã¯ã.ããšããŠæ±ãããŸãã (çŸåšã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ããª)ã
PGRP ã·ã§ã«ã®ããã»ã¹ ã°ã«ãŒã ãªãŒããŒã®ããã»ã¹ IDã
PIPESTATUS æåŸã®ãšã©ãŒã¬ãã« (çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹) ã³ãŒãã XNUMX ã€ãã€å«ãé åã
ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã¯ãã©ã¢ã°ã©ãŠã³ãã§å®è¡ãããŸãã
PPID ã·ã§ã«ã®èŠªã®ããã»ã¹ IDã
PS1 察話åã·ã§ã«ã®äž»ãªããã³ããã ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãã³ãã³ããæŒç®
眮æãå®è¡ãããã!ã çŸåšã®ã³ãã³ãã«çœ®ãæããããŸã
çªå· ( fc 以äžã®ã³ãã³ãïŒã æåéãã®ã!ã ããã³ããã«å«ããããšãã§ããŸã
ã!!ããé 眮ããPS1ã§ã¯ã
ããã©ã«ãã®ããã³ããã¯ãé root ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã®å Žåã¯ã$ ããroot ã®å Žåã¯ã# ãã§ãã ãã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ is
root ã«ãã£ãŠåŒã³åºãããPS1 ã«ã¯ããã©ã«ãå€ã§ããã#ãæåãå«ãŸããŠããŸãã
PS1 ãç°å¢å ã«ãã§ã«ååšããå Žåã§ã䜿çšãããŸãã
ã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ é åžç©ã«ã¯ãµã³ãã«ãä»å±ããŸã ããã.mkshrc æŽç·Žããããã®ãå«ã
ããšãã°ã次ã®äŸãæ°ã«å ¥ããããããŸãã (泚æããŠãã ãã)
${HOSTNAME:=$(hostname)} ãš root-vs-user ãåºå¥ããå¥ã¯ (
ãã®äŸã§ã¯ãPS1 å²ãåœãŠæã«å®è¡ãããŸããã$USER ãš $PWD ã¯
ãšã¹ã±ãŒãããããããããã³ããã衚瀺ããããã³ã«è©äŸ¡ãããŸã):
PS1='${USER:=$(id -un)}'"@${HOSTNAME:=$(ãã¹ãå)}:\$PWD $(
if (( USER_ID )); 次㫠\$ ãåºåããŸãã ãã以å€ã®å Žå㯠\#; ãåºåããŸãã ãã£ïŒã
ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ãšãã£ã¿ã¯ããã³ããã®é·ããææ¡ããããšããããã泚æããŠãã ããã
(ç»é¢ã®ç«¯ãŸã§ã®è·é¢ããããããã«) ã®ãšã¹ã±ãŒã ã³ãŒãã§ãã
ããã³ããã¯ç©äºãæ··ä¹±ãããåŸåããããŸãã ç¹å®ã®ãã®ãã«ãŠã³ãããªãããã«ã·ã§ã«ã«æ瀺ã§ããŸã
ããã³ããã®åã«æåãä»ããããšã§ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ (ãšã¹ã±ãŒã ã³ãŒããªã©)
(Ctrl-A ãªã©) ã«ç¶ããŠãã£ãªããž ãªã¿ãŒã³ãå ¥åãããšã¹ã±ãŒããåºåããŸãã
ãã®æåãå«ãã³ãŒãã ããã³ããå ã§ãã®æåãåºçŸãããšã
å°å·ãããŠããŸããã ãšããã§ããã®ãããã³ã°ã«ã€ããŠç§ã責ããªãã§ãã ããã ããã¯ãã掟çãããã®ã§ã
ãªãªãžãã« ksh88(1)ãåºåãæåãåºåãããããã
éå°å·æåããªããã°å¹žéã§ãã
ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ããã®ä»ã®ç¹æ®æåã¯ã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠè§£éãããå¯èœæ§ãããããã
PS1 ãèšå®ããã«ã¯ãããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥èªäœããšã¹ã±ãŒãããããäºéåŒçšç¬Šã䜿çšããŸãã ã®
åŸè ã®æ¹ãããå®çšçã§ãã ããã¯ããè€éãªäŸã§ãããçŽæ¥ã®å®è¡ã¯é¿ããŠããŸãã
ç¹æ®æåãå ¥åããŸã (äŸ: ^V emacs ç·šéã¢ãŒã)ã
çŸåšã®äœæ¥ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªãå転ãããªã§åã蟌ã¿ãŸã (è²ã¯æ©èœããŸããã
ã)ãããã³ããæååã§ã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããŸãã
x=$(å°å·\\001)
PS1="$x$(print \\r)$x$(tput so)$x\$PWD$x$(tput se)$x> "
David G. Korn æ°ã®åŒ·ãææ¡ã«ããã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ ããµããŒããããããã«ãªããŸãã
次ã®ãã©ãŒã ïŒ
PS1=$'\1\r\1\e[7m\1$PWD\1\e[0m\1> '
PS2 ã® XNUMX 次ããã³ããæåå (ããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ '> ')ãè¿œå ã®å ¥åãå¿ èŠãªå Žåã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
ã³ãã³ããå®äºããŸãã
ã§äœ¿çšããã PS3 ããã³ãã select ã¡ãã¥ãŒéžæãèªã¿åããšãã®ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ãã ããã©ã«ã
㯠'ïŒïŒ 'ã
PS4 å®è¡ãã¬ãŒã¹äžã«åºåãããã³ãã³ãã®æ¥é èŸãšããŠäœ¿çšãããŸã (ã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã«
-x 以äžã®ã³ãã³ãïŒã ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãã³ãã³ããããã³ç®è¡çœ®æã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
å°å·ãããåã«å®è¡ãããŸãã ããã©ã«ãã¯ã+ãã§ãã èšå®ããŠãããšãããããããŸãã
代ããã« '[$EPOCHREALTIME] ' ã«å€æŽããã¿ã€ã ã¹ã¿ã³ããå«ããŸãã
PWD çŸåšã®äœæ¥ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã ã·ã§ã«ãèªèããªãå Žåã¯ãæªèšå®ãŸã㯠NULL ã«ãªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸã
ã©ãã§ããã
RANDOM RANDOM ãåç §ããããã³ã«ã0 ïœ 32767 ã®æ°å€ãå²ãåœãŠãããŸãã
ãŸãç·åœ¢åå PRNG ããã
REPLY ã®ããã©ã«ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ read ååãæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ãã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããŸãã ã«ã䜿çšãããŸã
select ã«ãŒãããŠãæšæºå ¥åããèªã¿åãããå€ãæ ŒçŽããŸãã
SECONDS ã·ã§ã«ãéå§ãããŠããã®ç§æ°ããŸãã¯ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãèšå®ãããŠããå Žåã¯ç§æ°ã
æŽæ°å€ãå²ãåœãŠãå²ãåœãŠããã®ç§æ°ã«ã
å²ãåœãŠãããå€ã
TMOUT 察話åã·ã§ã«ã§æ£ã®æŽæ°ã«èšå®ãããšãæ倧å€ãæå®ããŸãã
ãã©ã€ããªãåºåããåŸã«ã·ã§ã«ãå ¥åãåŸ ã€ç§æ°
ããã³ããïŒPS1ïŒã æéãè¶ ãããšãã·ã§ã«ã¯çµäºããŸãã
TMPDIR äžæã·ã§ã« ãã¡ã€ã«ãäœæããããã£ã¬ã¯ããªããã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ã
èšå®ãããŠããããæžã蟌ã¿å¯èœãªãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã®çµ¶å¯Ÿãã¹ãå«ãŸããŠããªããäžæ
ãã¡ã€ã«ã¯æ¬¡ã®å Žæã«äœæãããŸã / tmpã«.
USER_ID ã·ã§ã«ã®å®å¹ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ IDã
ãã«ã æ¡å€§
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿çœ®æãšäžŠè¡ããŠè¡ããããã«ãå±éã¯åèªã«å¯ŸããŠè¡ãããŸãã
åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããŠããªãã~ãã§å§ãŸããŸãã ãã«ãã«ç¶ãæåã®ã/ããŸã§ã®æå (次ã®å Žå)
any ã¯ãã°ã€ã³åãšã¿ãªãããŸãã ãã°ã€ã³åã空ãã+ãããŸãã¯ã-ãã®å Žåãã®å€
HOMEãPWDããŸã㯠OLDPWD ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ããããã眮ãæããããŸãã ãã以å€ã®å Žåã¯ããã¹ã¯ãŒã
ãã¡ã€ã«ã§ãã°ã€ã³åãæ€çŽ¢ããããã«ãåŒããŠãŒã¶ãŒã®ååã«çœ®ãæããããŸãã
ããŒã ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã ãã°ã€ã³åããã¹ã¯ãŒã ãã¡ã€ã«ã«èŠã€ãããªãå ŽåããŸãã¯åŒçšç¬ŠãŸãã¯
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®çœ®æããã°ã€ã³åã§çºçããå Žåã眮æã¯å®è¡ãããŸããã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒã®å²ãåœãŠ (åçŽãªã³ãã³ãã®åã«ãããã®ããŸãã¯ã³ãã³ãã®å®è¡äžã«çºçãããã®ãªã©)
ã®åŒæ° alias, export, å šäœçãª, èªã¿åãå°çš, ã¿ã€ãã»ãã)ããã«ãå±éã¯ãã®åŸã«è¡ãããŸã
ä»»æã®ä»£å ¥ (çå·ã®åŸ)ããŸãã¯åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããŠããªãã³ãã³ (':') ã®åŸã ãã°ã€ã³å
ãã³ãã³ã§åºåãããŸãã
以åã«å±éããããã°ã€ã³åã®ããŒã ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã¯ãã£ãã·ã¥ãããåå©çšãããŸãã ã® alias -d
ã³ãã³ãã䜿çšããŠããã®ãã£ãã·ã¥ããªã¹ãããå€æŽããè¿œå ããããšãã§ããŸã (äŸ: alias -d
fac=/usr/local/facilities; cd ~ãã¡ã¯/ãã³).
ãã¬ãŒã¹ æ¡å€§ (亀代)
äžæ¬åŒ§åŒã¯æ¬¡ã®åœ¢åŒãåããŸãã
æ¥é èŸ{str1ã...ãstrN}ãµãã£ãã¯ã¹
åŒã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«å±éãããŸãã N ããããã®åèªãé£çµãããã®ã§ãã æ¥é èŸ, STRi,
& ãµãã£ãã¯ã¹ (äŸ: ãa{c,b{X,Y},d}eãã¯ããaceãããabXeãããabYeããããã³ãadeãã® XNUMX ã€ã®åèªã«å±éãããŸã)ã
äŸã§ç€ºããããã«ãäžæ¬åŒ§åŒã¯å ¥ãåã«ããããšãã§ããçµæã®åèªã¯å ¥ãåã«ãªããŸããã
䞊ã¹æ¿ããŸããã äžæ¬åŒ§åŒã«ã¯ãå±éãè¡ãããã«åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããŠããªãã³ã³ã (',') ãå«ãŸããŠããå¿ èŠããããŸã (äŸ:
{} & {ãµãŒ} å±éãããŸããïŒã äžæ¬åŒ§ã®å±éã¯ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿çœ®æåŸã«å®è¡ãããŸã
ãã¡ã€ã«åçæåã
File å ãã¿ãŒã³
ãã¡ã€ã«åãã¿ãŒã³ã¯ãåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããŠããªã XNUMX ã€ä»¥äžã®ã?ããã*ããã+ããã@ãããŸãã¯ã!ããå«ãåèªã§ãã
æåãŸãã¯ã[..]ãã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã ãã¬ãŒã¹ã®å±éãå®è¡ããããšãã·ã§ã«ã眮ãæããããŸãã
ãã¡ã€ã«åãã¿ãŒã³ãšããã¿ãŒã³ã«äžèŽãããã¹ãŠã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã®ãœãŒããããåå (ååšããªãå Žå)
ãã¡ã€ã«ãäžèŽããå Žåãåèªã¯å€æŽãããŸãã)ã ãã¿ãŒã³èŠçŽ ã«ã¯æ¬¡ã®æå³ããããŸãã
? ä»»æã® XNUMX æåãšäžèŽããŸãã
* ä»»æã®ãªã¯ãããã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ãšäžèŽããŸãã
[..] æ¬åŒ§å ã®ãªã¯ãããã®ãããããšäžèŽããŸãã ãªã¯ãããã®ç¯å²ã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«æå®ã§ããŸãã
0 ã€ã®ãªã¯ããããã-ãã§åºåããŸã (ããšãã°ãã[a9-XNUMX]ãã¯æåãaããŸãã¯ä»»æã®æ°åã«äžèŽããŸã)ã
ããèªäœãè¡šãã«ã¯ãã-ããåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãããæåãŸãã¯æåŸã®ãªã¯ããããå²ãå¿ èŠããããŸãã
ãªã¯ããããªã¹ãã«ãããŸãã åæ§ã«ãã]ãã¯åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ããããªã¹ãã®æåã®ãªã¯ãããã«ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
ãªã¹ãã®çµããã§ã¯ãªãããèªäœãè¡šãå Žåã ãŸããã!ã ç»å Žãã
ãªã¹ãã®å é ã«ãã ã«ã¯ç¹å¥ãªæå³ããããã (äžèšãåç §)ãããèªäœãè¡šãããã«
åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ããããªã¹ãã®åŸåã«èšèŒããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
[!..] [..] ãšäŒŒãŠããŸãããæ¬åŒ§å ã«ãªããªã¯ããããšäžèŽããç¹ãç°ãªããŸãã
*(ãã¿ãŒã³|...|ãã¿ãŒã³)
æå®ããã XNUMX å以äžã®åºçŸã«äžèŽããä»»æã®ãªã¯ãããæååãšäžèŽããŸãã
ãã¿ãŒã³ã äŸ: ãã¿ãŒã³ *(ãµãŒ|ããŒïŒ æååããããfooãããbarãã«äžèŽããŸãã
ãããŒããŒããŒããªã©ã
+(ãã¿ãŒã³|...|ãã¿ãŒã³)
æå®ãããæååã® XNUMX ã€ä»¥äžã®åºçŸã«äžèŽããä»»æã®ãªã¯ãããæååãšäžèŽããŸãã
ãã¿ãŒã³ã äŸ: ãã¿ãŒã³ +(ããŒ|ããŒïŒ æååãfooãããbarãã
ãããŒããŒããªã©ã
?(ãã¿ãŒã³|...|ãã¿ãŒã³)
空ã®æååããŸãã¯æå®ããããã¿ãŒã³ã®ããããã«äžèŽããæååãšäžèŽããŸãã
äŸ: ãã¿ãŒã³ ?(ãµãŒ|ããŒïŒ æååããããfooããããã³ãbarãã«ã®ã¿äžèŽããŸãã
@(ãã¿ãŒã³|...|ãã¿ãŒã³)
æå®ããããã¿ãŒã³ã®ããããã«äžèŽããæååãšäžèŽããŸãã äŸ: ãã¿ãŒã³
@(ãµãŒ|ããŒïŒ æååãfooããšãbarãã®ã¿ã«äžèŽããŸãã
!(ãã¿ãŒã³|...|ãã¿ãŒã³)
æå®ããããã¿ãŒã³ã®ãããã«ãäžèŽããªãä»»æã®æååãšäžèŽããŸãã äŸ:
ãã¿ãŒã³ !(ãµãŒ|ããŒïŒ ãfooããšãbarããé€ããã¹ãŠã®æååã«äžèŽããŸãã ãã¿ãŒã³ !(*)
æååã«äžèŽããŸããã ãã¿ãŒã³ !(?)* ãã¹ãŠã®æååã«äžèŽããŸã (ããèããŠãã ãã)ã
è€éãªã°ããã³ã°ã¯ãç¹ã«ä»£æ¿ã䜿çšãããšæéããããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã å¥ã ã«äœ¿çšãã
æ¯èŒã¯é«éã«ãªãå ŽåããããŸã (é«éã§ãªãå ŽåããããŸã)ã
泚æããŠãã ãã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ ïŒãš ããã£ã¯ã·ã¥) ã¯æ±ºããŠã.ããšäžèŽããŸããã ããã³ã..ãã§ãããAT&T UNIX kshã®ãããŒã³ shãGNU
bash è¡ãã
äžèšã®ãã¿ãŒã³èŠçŽ ã¯ããããããã¿ãŒã³ã®å é ã®ããªãªã (ã.ã) ã«äžèŽããªãããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
ãã¡ã€ã«åãŸãã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ (ã/ã) ([..] ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã§æ瀺çã«äœ¿çšãããŠããå Žåã§ã)ã ãŸãã
ååããã ããã³ '..' ã¯ããã¿ãŒã³ '.*' ã§ãã£ãŠã決ããŠäžèŽããŸããã
Status ããŒã¯ãã£ã¬ã¯ã㪠ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããå Žåããã¡ã€ã«åçæã®çµæãšããŠçæããããã£ã¬ã¯ããªã¯ãã¹ãŠ
æ«å°Ÿã«ã/ããä»ããŠããŸãã
å ¥åºå åºåå å€æŽ
ã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããããšããã®æšæºå ¥åãæšæºåºåãããã³æšæºãšã©ãŒ (ãã¡ã€ã«
èšè¿°å (ãããã 0ã1ã2) ã¯éåžžãã·ã§ã«ããç¶æ¿ãããŸãã äžã€
äŸå€ã¯ãã€ãã©ã€ã³å ã®ã³ãã³ãã§ãæšæºå ¥åãæšæº
åºåã¯ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã«ãã£ãŠèšå®ããããã®ã§ããžã§ãå¶åŸ¡æã«äœæãããéåæã³ãã³ãã§ãã
ç¡å¹ãæšæºå ¥åã¯æåãã次ã®ããã«èšå®ãããŠããŸãã / dev / nullãããã³ã³ãã³ã
次ã®ããããã®ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ããæå®ãããŠããŸãã
>file æšæºåºåã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ããããŸãã fileã å Žå file ååšããã®ã§ã¯ãªããäœæãããŸãã
ååšããå Žåãããã¯éåžžã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã§ããã ããŒã¯ãã㌠ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããå Žåããšã©ãŒãçºçããŸã
çºçããŸãã ãã以å€ã®å Žåããã¡ã€ã«ã¯åãè©°ããããŸãã ããã¯ã³ãã³ããæå³ããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ãã CMD
<ã㌠>ãµãŒ éãã§ããã foo èªã¿åãçšã«éããéããšãã«åãè©°ããŸãã
æžãåã« CMD å®éã«èªãæ©äŒãåŸããã foo.
>|file ãšåã >ãã ãããã¡ã€ã«ãåãè©°ããããŠããå Žåãé€ããŸãã ããŒã¯ãã㌠ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããŸãã
>>file ãšåã >ã å Žåãé€ã file ååšããå ŽåãåãæšãŠããã代ããã«è¿œå ãããŸãã
ãŸãããã¡ã€ã«ã¯è¿œå ã¢ãŒãã§éããããããæžã蟌ã¿ã¯åžžã«ãã¡ã€ã«ã®æåŸãŸã§è¡ãããŸãã
ãã¡ã€ã«ïŒãåç §ïŒ éããïŒ2ïŒïŒã
<file æšæºå ¥åã¯ãããªãã€ã¬ã¯ããããŸã fileãé²èŠ§ã®ããã«éãããŠããŸãã
<>file ãšåã <ãã ãããã¡ã€ã«ãèªã¿åããšæžã蟌ã¿ã®ããã«éãããŠããå Žåãé€ããŸãã
<<ããŒã«ãŒ ãã®çš®ã®ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ã (ã
ããã¢ããã¥ã¡ã³ãã)ãã·ã§ã«ã¯ã³ãã³ããœãŒã¹ããè¡ãã³ããŒããŸãã
è¡ãäžèŽãããŸã§ã®äžæãã¡ã€ã« ããŒã«ãŒ èªãŸããŸãã ã³ãã³ãã
å®è¡ããããšãæšæºå ¥åã¯äžæãã¡ã€ã«ãããªãã€ã¬ã¯ããããŸãã ãã ããŒã«ãŒ
åŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããæåãå«ãŸããŠããªãå Žåãäžæãã¡ã€ã«ã®å 容ãåŠçãããŸã
ã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããããã³ã«äºéåŒçšç¬Šã§å²ãŸããŠãããã®ããã«ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã
ã³ãã³ããå®è¡ãããšãããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ ('\') ãšãšãã«ç®è¡çœ®æãå®è¡ãããŸãã
'$'ã'`'ã'\'ãããã³ '\newline' ã¯ãšã¹ã±ãŒããããŸããã'"' ã¯ãšã¹ã±ãŒããããŸãããããã§è€æ°ã®å Žå
ããã¥ã¡ã³ãã¯åãã³ãã³ã ã©ã€ã³ã§äœ¿çšãããé çªã«ä¿åãããŸãã
ãªãå Žå ããŒã«ãŒ ãäžããããå Žåãããã®ããã¥ã¡ã³ãã¯æ¬¡ã§çµäºããŸã << ãããŠçœ®æ
ãå®è¡ãããŸãã ãã ããŒã«ãŒ åäžã®ã''ããŸãã¯äºéã®ã""ãã®ã»ããã®ã¿ã§ã
éã«äœãæãŸãªãåŒçšç¬Šã®å Žåããã¢ããã¥ã¡ã³ãã¯æ¬¡ã®ç©ºè¡ã§çµäºããŸã
眮æã¯å®è¡ãããŸããã
<<-ããŒã«ãŒ ãšåã <<ãã ãããã¢ããã¥ã¡ã³ãå ã®è¡ããå é ã®ã¿ããåé€ãããŸãã
<<åèª ãšåã <<ã ãã以å€ã§ åèª is ããã®ããã¥ã¡ã³ãã ããããããšãããŸã
æååã
<&fd æšæºå ¥åã¯ãã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°åããè€è£œãããŸã fd. fd æ°å€ã«ããããšãã§ããŸããã
æ¢åã®ãã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°åã®çªå·ã瀺ããŸãã æåãpãã¯ã
çŸåšã®ã³ããã»ã¹ã®åºåã«é¢é£ä»ãããããã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°åã ãŸãã¯
æåã-ãã¯ãæšæºå ¥åãéããããããšã瀺ããŸãã ãäºæ¿ãã ãã fd is
ã»ãšãã©ã®ã·ã§ã«å®è£ ã§ã¯ XNUMX æ¡ã«å¶éãããŠããŸãã
>&fd ãšåã <&ãã ããæäœã¯æšæºåºåã§è¡ãããŸãã
&>file ãšåã >file 2>ïŒ1ã ããã¯éæšå¥šã® (ã¬ã¬ã·ãŒ) GNU ã§ã bash ãµããŒããããŠããæ¡åŒµå
by ã ã¯ã·ã¥ ããã¯ãããšãã°ãåè¿°ã®æ瀺ç㪠fd çªå·ããµããŒãããŸãã
3&>file ãšåãã§ãã 3>file 2>ïŒ3 in ã ã¯ã·ã¥ ãã ããGNU ã®æ§æãšã©ãŒ bash.
&>|fileã&>>fileã&>&fd
ãšåã >|file, >>fileãŸã㯠>&fdãç¶ã㊠2>ïŒ1ã äžèšã®ããã«ã ããã㯠ã ã¯ã·ã¥
æ¡åŒµæ©èœ
äžèšã®ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã®ããããã§ããªãã€ã¬ã¯ãããããã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°å (ã€ãŸããæšæº
å ¥åãŸãã¯æšæºåºå) ã¯ããªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã®åã«æ°åãä»ããããšã§æ瀺çã«æå®ã§ããŸãã
(移æ€å¯èœãXNUMX æ¡ã®ã¿)ã ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãã³ãã³ããããã³ç®è¡çœ®æããã«ã
眮æãš (ã·ã§ã«ã察話åã®å Žå) ãã¡ã€ã«åã®çæã¯ãã¹ãŠã
ã file, ããŒã«ãŒ, fd ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã®åŒæ°ã ãã ããã©ã®ãããªçµæã§ãã£ãŠãã
ãã¡ã€ã«åã®çæã¯ãåäžã®ãã¡ã€ã«ãäžèŽããå Žåã«ã®ã¿äœ¿çšãããŸãã è€æ°ã®ãã¡ã€ã«ãäžèŽããå Žåã
ãã¡ã€ã«åçææåãæ¡åŒµããwordã䜿çšããŸãã å¶éãããŠããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ãã
ã·ã§ã«ããã¡ã€ã«ãäœæã§ãããªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã¯äœ¿çšã§ããŸããã
åçŽãªã³ãã³ãã®å Žåããªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã¯ã³ãã³ãå ã®ã©ãã«ã§ã䜿çšã§ããŸãã è€åã³ãã³ãã®å Žå
(if ã¹ããŒãã¡ã³ããªã©)ããªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã¯æåŸã«æå®ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ããåŠçãããŸã
ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ãäœæãããåŸãæå®ãããé åºã§æ¬¡ã®ããã«åºåãããŸãã
å é ã«è¡çªå·ãä»å ããããšã©ãŒ:
$ cat /foo/bar 2>&1 >/dev/null | pr -n -t
I/O ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã«ãã£ãŠäœæããããã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°åã¯ã·ã§ã«ã«å¯ŸããŠãã©ã€ããŒãã§ãã
ç®è¡ è¡šçŸ
æŽæ°ã®ç®è¡åŒã¯ã ã ã³ãã³ãã$((..)) åŒå ã
é ååç §å (äŸ: å[åŒ])ããžã®æ°å€åŒæ°ãšã㊠test ã³ãã³ããããã³
æŽæ°ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãžã®ä»£å ¥ã®å€ã èŠå: ããã¯æé»çãªåœ±é¿ãåããŸã
æŽæ°ãžã®å€æãããšãã°ã ã 決ã㊠ãã§ãã¯ãããŠããªããŠãŒã¶ãŒã䜿çšãã
ç®è¡ãªã©ã®ç°å¢ããã®å ¥åã§ãã
åŒã¯ç¬Šå·ä»ãç®è¡æŒç®ã䜿çšããŠèšç®ãããŸãã mksh_ari_t å (32 ãããã®ç¬Šå·ä»ã
æŽæ°)ãå¯äžã® '#' æåã§å§ãŸãå Žåãé€ãããã®å Žåã¯äœ¿çšããŸãã mksh_uari_t (a
32 ããã笊å·ãªãæŽæ°)ã
åŒã«ã¯ãè±æ°åã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿èå¥åãé ååç §ãããã³æŽæ°ãå«ãŸããå ŽåããããŸãã
å®æ°ã§ããã次㮠C æŒç®åãšçµã¿åãããããšãã§ããŸã (以äžã«ãªã¹ãããã³ã°ã«ãŒãåãããŠããŸã)ã
åªå é äœãé«ããªããŸã):
åé æŒç®åïŒ
+ - ! ~ ++ --
äºé æŒç®åïŒ
,
= += -= *= /= %= <<<= >>>= <<= >>= &= ^= |=
||
&&
|
^
&
==ïŒ=
<< = >> =
<<< >>> << >>
+-
* /ïŒ
äžé æŒç®å:
?: (åªå é äœã¯ä»£å ¥ãããããã«é«ããªããŸã)
ã°ã«ãŒãåæŒç®å:
ïŒïŒ
æŽæ°ã®å®æ°ãšåŒã¯ãæ£ç¢ºã« 32 ãããå¹ ã®ç¬Šå·ä»ããŸãã¯
笊å·ãªããæŽæ°ãªãŒããŒãããŒæã«ãµã€ã¬ã³ãã©ããã¢ã©ãŠã³ããè¡ãã¿ã€ãã æŽæ°å®æ°ã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããŸãã
è¡šèšæ³ã䜿çšããŠä»»æã®åºæ°ã§æå®ããŸã ããŒã¹#æ°ããã§ã ããŒã¹ ã¯å°æ°ã§ã
åºæ°ãæå®ããæŽæ°ãããã³ æ° æå®ãããåºæ°ã®æ°å€ã§ãã ããã«ã
åºæ° 16 ã®æŽæ°ã¯ããã¹ãŠã®åã«ã0xã(倧æåãšå°æåãåºå¥ããªã) ãä»ããããšã§æå®ã§ããŸãã
ç®è¡åŒã®åœ¢åŒããã ãã test çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ãã
æ°å€ã®åã« 0 æ¡ã®ãŒã (ãXNUMXã) ãä»ããŠããXNUMX é²æ°ãšããŠè§£éãããŸããã
ããã¯å±éºã§ãã
ç¹å¥ãšã㊠ã ã¯ã·ã¥ æ¡åŒµåã§ã¯ã8 ãåºãšããæ°å€ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãããããšããŠæ±ãããŸã (XNUMX ããã)
éæ) ASCII ãŸã㯠Unicode ã³ãŒããã€ã³ã (ã·ã§ã«ã«å¿ããŠ) utf8 ã¢ãŒã ãã©ã° (çŸåšã®
èšå®ïŒã AT&T UNIX ksh93 ã1#xãã®ä»£ããã«ã'x'ãã®æ§æããµããŒããããŠããŸãã 泚èš
NULãã€ãïŒãŒãã®æŽæ°å€ïŒã¯äœ¿çšã§ããŸããã æªèšå®ãŸãã¯ç©ºã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿
æŽæ°ã³ã³ããã¹ãã§ã¯ 0 ãšè©äŸ¡ãããŸãã Unicode ã¢ãŒãã§ã¯ãçã®ãªã¯ããããç¯å²ã«ãããã³ã°ãããŸãã
OPTU-80 ãšåæ§ã® EF8..EFFFããã㯠PUA å ã«ããããã®çšéã®ããã« CSUR ã«ãã£ãŠå²ãåœãŠãããŠããŸãã ãã
ASCII ã¢ãŒãã§è€æ°ã®ãªã¯ãããããŸãã¯æå¹ãªåœ¢åŒã圢æããŠããªãè€æ°ã®ãªã¯ãããã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹
æå°éã® CESU-8 ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ãæž¡ãããå Žåãåäœã¯æªå®çŸ©ã§ã (éåžžãã·ã§ã«ã¯ç°åžžçµäºããŸã)
解æãšã©ãŒãçºçããŸãããã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ C2 20 ãªã©ã§ã¯ããŸãã«æåããŸãã ã ããããããªãã¯
å ¥åãæŽåœ¢åŒã® UTF-8 ã§ããããšãããã£ãŠããªãéããåžžã« ASCII ã¢ãŒãã䜿çšããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
ãã®æ©èœã䜿çšããå Žåã¯ã0000..FFFD ã®ç¯å²ã§ã¯ãªãã read -a.
æŒç®åã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«è©äŸ¡ãããŸãã
åé +
çµæã¯åŒæ°ã§ã (å®å šãæãããã«å«ãŸããŠããŸã)ã
åé -
åŠå®ã
ïŒ è«çåŠå®ã çµæã¯ãåŒæ°ããŒãã®å Žå㯠1ãããã§ãªãå Žå㯠0 ã«ãªããŸãã
~ ç®è¡ (ãããåäœ) ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
++ ã€ã³ã¯ãªã¡ã³ã; ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«é©çšããå¿ èŠããããŸã (ãªãã©ã«ãŸãã¯ä»ã®åŒã§ã¯ãããŸãã)ã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ 1 ãã€å¢å ããŸããæ¥é èŸæŒç®åãšããŠäœ¿çšãããšãçµæã¯
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å¢åå€ã§ãã åŸçœ®æŒç®åãšããŠäœ¿çšããå Žåã
çµæã¯ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å ã®å€ã§ãã
- ã«äŒŒãŠãã ++ãã ãããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã 1 æžåãããŸãã
, XNUMX ã€ã®ç®è¡åŒãåºåããŸãã å·ŠåŽãæåã«è©äŸ¡ãããŸãã
ããããå³ã çµæã¯å³èŸºã®åŒã®å€ã«ãªããŸãã
ãµã€ãã
= å²ãåœãŠ; å·ŠåŽã®å€æ°ã¯å³åŽã®å€ã«èšå®ãããŸãã
+= -= *= /= %= <<<= >>>= <<= >>= &= ^= |=
ä»£å ¥æŒç®åãVAR><op> =åŒ>ãšåãã§ãVAR> =VAR><op><åŒ>,
ä»»æã®æŒç®åã®åªå é äœåŒ> ä¿åãããŠããŸãã ããšãã°ããvar1 *= 5 +
3ãã¯ããvar1 = var1 * (5 + 3)ããæå®ããã®ãšåãã§ãã
|| è«çå; ããããã®åŒæ°ããŒã以å€ã®å Žåãçµæ㯠1 ã«ãªããããã§ãªãå Žå㯠0 ã«ãªããŸãã ã®
å³åŒæ°ã¯ãå·ŠåŒæ°ã XNUMX ã®å Žåã«ã®ã¿è©äŸ¡ãããŸãã
&& è«ç AND; äž¡æ¹ã®åŒæ°ããŒã以å€ã®å Žåãçµæ㯠1 ã«ãªããããã§ãªãå Žå㯠0 ã«ãªããŸãã ã®
å³åŒæ°ã¯ãå·ŠåŒæ°ããŒã以å€ã®å Žåã«ã®ã¿è©äŸ¡ãããŸãã
| ç®è¡ (ãããåäœ) ORã
^ ç®è¡ (ãããåäœ) XOR (æä»çè«çå)ã
& ç®è¡ (ãããåäœ) ANDã
== çãã; äž¡æ¹ã®åŒæ°ãçããå Žåãçµæ㯠1 ã«ãªããããã§ãªãå Žå㯠0 ã«ãªããŸãã
!= çãããããŸããã äž¡æ¹ã®åŒæ°ãçããå Žåã¯çµæ㯠0ãããã§ãªãå Žå㯠1 ã«ãªããŸãã
< æªæº; çµæã¯ãå·Šã®åŒæ°ãå³ã®åŒæ°ããå°ããå Žå㯠1ã次ã®å Žå㯠0 ã«ãªããŸãã
ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
<= > >=
以äžã以äžã以äžã èŠã <.
<<< >>>
å·ŠïŒå³ïŒã«å転ããŸãã çµæã¯shiftãšäŒŒãŠããŸã(åç §) <<) ãã ãã
äžæ¹ã®ç«¯ã§ã·ããã¢ãŠãããããããã¯ããŒãã§ã¯ãªããããäžæ¹ã®ç«¯ã§ã·ããã€ã³ãããŸãã
ãŸãã¯ç¬Šå·ãããã
<< >> å·Š (å³) ã«ã·ããããŸãã çµæã¯ãããããå·Šã«ã·ãããããå·Šã®åŒæ°ã§ãã
(å³) å³ã®åŒæ°ã§æå®ãããéã«ãã£ãŠèšç®ãããŸãã
+ - * /
å ç®ãæžç®ãä¹ç®ãé€ç®ã
% æ®ãã çµæã¯å·ŠèŸºã®é€ç®ã®å¯Ÿç§°å°äœã§ãã
å³ã®äž»åŒµã ãaãã®æ°åŠçä¿æ°ãååŸããã«ã¯ã MOD bãã䜿çšããã«ã¯ã
åŒã(a % b + b) % bãã
<arg1>ïŒarg2>ïŒarg3>
å Žåarg1> ããŒã以å€ã®å Žåãçµæã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããŸãarg2>; ãã以å€ã®å Žåãçµæã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããŸãarg3>.
çµæ以å€ã®åŒæ°ã¯è©äŸ¡ãããŸããã
å ±åããã»ã¹
ã³ããã»ã¹ ('|&' æŒç®åã§äœæããããã€ãã©ã€ã³) ã¯éåæããã»ã¹ã§ã
ã·ã§ã«ã¯äž¡æ¹ã«æžã蟌ãããšãã§ããŸã (䜿çšã㊠å°å· -p) ããèªã¿åã (ã䜿çšã㊠read -pïŒã å ¥å
ã³ããã»ã¹ã®åºåã¯ã次ã䜿çšããŠæäœããããšãã§ããŸãã >&p & <&p ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã
ããããã å ±åããã»ã¹ãéå§ããããšãå ±åããã»ã¹ãå®äºãããŸã§å¥ã®å ±åããã»ã¹ãéå§ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã
ããã»ã¹ãçµäºããããã³ããã»ã¹ã®å ¥åã exec n>&p
ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã ã³ããã»ã¹ã®å ¥åããã®æ¹æ³ã§ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ãããããšã次ã®ã³ããã»ã¹ã¯
éå§ãããå Žåã¯ãæåã®ã³ããã»ã¹ã®åºåãããã§ãªãéããåºåãæåã®ã³ããã»ã¹ãšå ±æããŸãã
ã³ããã»ã¹ã¯ã exec n<&p ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã
ã³ããã»ã¹ã«é¢ããããã€ãã®æ³šæäºé :
· ã³ããã»ã¹ã®å ¥åãéãã (ã³ããã»ã¹ããã¡ã€ã«ã®çµãããèªã¿åã) å¯äžã®æ¹æ³ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
å ¥åãçªå·ä»ãã®ãã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°åã«ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ããããã®ãã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°åãéããŸãã
exec 3>&p; exec 3>&-
· ã³ããã»ã¹ãå ±éã®åºåãå ±æããã«ã¯ãã·ã§ã«ãæžã蟌ã¿ãç¶æããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
åºåãã€ãã®äžéšãéããŠããŸãã ããã¯ããã¡ã€ã«ã®çµãããæ€åºããããŸã§æ€åºãããªãããšãæå³ããŸãã
ã³ããã»ã¹ã®åºåãå ±æããŠãããã¹ãŠã®ã³ããã»ã¹ãçµäºããŸãã (ãã¹ãŠã®ã³ããã»ã¹ãçµäºãããšã
ã·ã§ã«ã¯ãã€ãã®ã³ããŒãéããŸã)ã ããã¯ãåºåããªãã€ã¬ã¯ãããããšã§åé¿ã§ããŸãã
çªå·ä»ãã®ãã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°å (ããã«ããã·ã§ã«ããã®ã³ããŒãéããããšã«ãªããã)ã ãäºæ¿ãã ãã
ãã®åäœã¯ãã³ããŒãéããå ã® Korn ã·ã§ã«ãšã¯å°ãç°ãªããŸãã
æãæè¿éå§ãããã³ããã»ã¹ã®ãšãã®ã³ããã»ã¹åºåã®æžã蟌ã¿éšå
(ãã¹ãŠã®å ±æã³ããã»ã¹ãçµäºããå Žåã§ã¯ãªã) çµäºããŸãã
· å°å· -p ä¿¡å·ããã©ãããããŠããªãå ŽåããŸãã¯æžã蟌ã¿äžã« SIGPIPE ä¿¡å·ãç¡èŠããŸãã
ç¡èŠãããŸããã ã³ããã»ã¹å ¥åãå¥ã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã«è€è£œãããŠããå Žåãåæ§ã§ãã
èšè¿°åãš å°å· -un 䜿çšãããŠããã
æ©èœ
é¢æ°ã¯ããããã® Korn ã·ã§ã«ã䜿çšããŠå®çŸ©ãããŸã function é¢æ°å æ§æãŸãã¯
Bourne/POSIX ã·ã§ã« é¢æ°å() æ§æ (ãã® XNUMX ã€ã®éãã«ã€ããŠã¯ä»¥äžãåç §ããŠãã ãã)
ãã©ãŒã ïŒã é¢æ°ã¯ããã®ç¹ã§ .-scripts (ã€ãŸããã.ãçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã䜿çšããŠãœãŒã¹ãããã¹ã¯ãªãã) ã«äŒŒãŠããŸãã
ãããã¯çŸåšã®ç°å¢ã§å®è¡ãããŸãã ãã ãã.-scripts ãšã¯ç°ãªããã·ã§ã«åŒæ°ã¯
(ã€ãŸããäœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ $1ã$2 ãªã©) ã¯ãããã®å éšã§ã¯æ±ºããŠè¡šç€ºãããŸããã ã·ã§ã«ããããšã
ã³ãã³ãã®äœçœ®ã決å®ããé¢æ°ã¯ç¹å¥ãªçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã®åŸã«æ€çŽ¢ãããŸãã
çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ããš PATH ãæ€çŽ¢ãããåã«å®è¡ãããŸãã
æ¢åã®é¢æ°ã¯æ¬¡ã®æ¹æ³ã§åé€ã§ããŸãã unset -f é¢æ°åã é¢æ°ã®ãªã¹ãã¯ã
ã䜿çšããŠååŸãã ã¿ã€ãã»ãã +f é¢æ°å®çŸ©ã¯æ¬¡ã䜿çšããŠãªã¹ãã§ããŸãã ã¿ã€ãã»ãã -f.
ã ãªãŒãããŒã ã³ãã³ã (ã®ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã§ã) ã¿ã€ãã»ãã -ãµ) æªå®çŸ©ã®äœæã«äœ¿çšã§ããŸãã
é¢æ°: æªå®çŸ©ã®é¢æ°ãå®è¡ããããšãã·ã§ã«ã¯æå®ããããã¹ãæ€çŽ¢ããŸãã
é¢æ°ãšåãååã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã® FPATH ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ (èŠã€ãã£ãå Žåã¯èªã¿åãããŸã)
ãããŠå®è¡ãããŸããã ãã¡ã€ã«ã®å®è¡åŸãæå®ãããé¢æ°ãå®çŸ©ãããŠããããšãå€æããå Žåã
é¢æ°ãå®è¡ãããŸãã ãã以å€ã®å Žåã¯ãéåžžã®ã³ãã³ãæ€çŽ¢ãç¶è¡ãããŸã (ã€ãŸããã·ã§ã«
éåžžã®çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ã ããŒãã«ãš PATH ãæ€çŽ¢ããŸã)ã ã³ãã³ããèŠã€ãããªãå Žåã¯æ³šæããŠãã ãã
PATH ã䜿çšãããšãFPATH ã䜿çšããŠé¢æ°ãèªåããŒãããããšããŸã (ããã¯ææžåãããŠããŸãã)
ãªãªãžãã«ã® Korn ã·ã§ã«ã®æ©èœ)ã
é¢æ°ã«ã¯ãtraceããšãexportããšãã XNUMX ã€ã®å±æ§ãæå®ã§ããŸãããããã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«èšå®ã§ããŸãã ã¿ã€ãã»ãã -ãã£ãŒã
& ã¿ã€ãã»ãã -FXã ããããã ãã¬ãŒã¹ãããé¢æ°ãå®è¡ããããšãã·ã§ã«ã® ãã¬ãŒã¹
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãé¢æ°ã®åç¶æéäžãªã³ã«ãªããŸãã é¢æ°ã®ããšã¯ã¹ããŒããå±æ§ã¯ã
çŸåšã¯äœ¿çšãããŠããŸããã ãªãªãžãã«ã® Korn ã·ã§ã«ã§ã¯ããšã¯ã¹ããŒããããé¢æ°ã¯ã·ã§ã«ã«è¡šç€ºãããŸãã
å®è¡ãããã¹ã¯ãªããã
é¢æ°ã¯çŸåšã®ã·ã§ã«ç°å¢ã§å®è¡ãããããããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å²ãåœãŠãè¡ãããŸãã
å éšé¢æ°ã¯ãé¢æ°ãå®äºããåŸã«è¡šç€ºãããŸãã ãããæãŸãããªãå Žå
å¹æã ã¿ã€ãã»ãã ã³ãã³ããé¢æ°å ã§äœ¿çšããŠããŒã«ã« ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒãäœæã§ããŸãã 泚èš
ãã®AT&T UNIX ksh93 éçã¹ã³ãŒãã䜿çšããŸã (é¢æ°ããšã« XNUMX ã€ã®ã°ããŒãã« ã¹ã³ãŒããXNUMX ã€ã®ããŒã«ã« ã¹ã³ãŒã)
Korn ã¹ã¿ã€ã«é¢æ°ã§ã®ã¿ããŒã«ã«å€æ°ãèš±å¯ããŸããã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ åçã¹ã³ãŒãã䜿çšããŸã
(ããŸããŸãªå°åã®ãã¹ããããã¹ã³ãŒã)ã ç¹å¥ãªãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ (äŸ: $$, $!) ããåŸãŸãã
ãã®ããã«ã¹ã³ãŒããèšå®ããŸãã
é¢æ°ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ãé¢æ°å ã§å®è¡ãããæåŸã®ã³ãã³ãã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã§ãã ã
ã䜿çšããŠé¢æ°ãããã«çµäºãããããšãã§ããŸã return æå³; ããã䜿ãããããããŸãã
çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ãæ瀺çã«æå®ããŸãã
ã§å®çŸ©ãããé¢æ° function äºçŽèªã¯ä»¥äžã§ã¯ç°ãªãæ¹æ³ã§æ±ãããŸãã
ã§å®çŸ©ãããé¢æ°ããã®æ¹æ³ () è¡šèšïŒ
· $0 ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯é¢æ°ã®ååã«èšå®ãããŸã (Bourne ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã®é¢æ°ã¯ $0 ã®ãŸãŸã§ã)
æä»ããïŒã
· é¢æ°åŒã³åºãåã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿å²ãåœãŠã¯ã·ã§ã«ç°å¢ã«ä¿æãããŸããã
(Bourne ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã®é¢æ°ãå®è¡ããŠãå²ãåœãŠã¯ä¿æãããŸã)ã
· OPTIND ã¯é¢æ°ã®éå§æãšçµäºæã«ä¿å/ãªã»ããããã埩å ãããããã ååŸ ããããšãã§ããŸã
é¢æ°ã®å éšãšå€éšã®äž¡æ¹ã§é©åã«äœ¿çšãããŸã (Bourne ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã®é¢æ°ã¯ OPTIND ã®ãŸãŸã§ã)
æã€ãããªã®ã§ãäœ¿çš ååŸ é¢æ°å ã§äœ¿çšã劚ãããã ååŸ å€
é¢æ°ïŒã
· ã·ã§ã«ãªãã·ã§ã³ (ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -o) ããŒã«ã« ã¹ã³ãŒããæã¡ãŸããã€ãŸããé¢æ°å ã®å€æŽã¯ãªã»ãããããŸãã
ãã®åºå£ã
å°æ¥çã«ã¯ã次ã®ãããªçžéç¹ãè¿œå ãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
· é¢æ°ã®å®è¡äžã«å¥ã®ãã©ãã/ã·ã°ãã«ç°å¢ã䜿çšãããŸãã ãã
é¢æ°å ã«èšå®ããããã©ãããã·ã§ã«ã®ãã©ãããšã·ã°ãã«ã«åœ±é¿ãäžããªãããšãæå³ããŸã
ã·ã§ã«å ã§ç¡èŠãããªã (ãã ããã©ãããããå¯èœæ§ããã) ãã®ã¯ãããã©ã«ãã®å¹æãæã¡ãŸãã
æ©èœã
· EXIT ãã©ãããé¢æ°ã«èšå®ãããŠããå Žåãé¢æ°ãæ»ã£ãåŸã«å®è¡ãããŸãã
Command å®è¡
ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³åŒæ°ããªãã€ã¬ã¯ãããã©ã¡ãŒã¿å²ãåœãŠã®è©äŸ¡åŸã
ã³ãã³ãã®ã¿ã€ãã決å®ãããŸã: ç¹å¥ãªçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ããé¢æ°ãéåžžã®çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ãããŸãã¯
PATH ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã䜿çšããŠèŠã€ãã£ããå®è¡ãããã¡ã€ã«ã®ååã ãã§ãã¯ã¯æ¬¡ã®å Žæã§è¡ãããŸãã
äžèšã®é åºã ç¹å¥ãªçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ãã¯ãPATH ãä»ã®ã³ãã³ããšç°ãªãç¹ã§ãã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒã¯ããããæ€çŽ¢ããããã«äœ¿çšãããªããããå®è¡äžã®ãšã©ãŒã«ããã
çµäºãã察話åã·ã§ã«ãããã³ã³ãã³ãã®åã«æå®ããããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒã®å²ãåœãŠ
ã³ãã³ãã®å®äºåŸãä¿æãããŸãã éåžžã®çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ããšã®éãã¯æ¬¡ã®ç¹ã®ã¿ã§ãã
PATH ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ããããæ€çŽ¢ããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸããã
ãªãªãžãã« kshã® ãš POSIX ã¯ãã©ã®ã³ãã³ããç¹å¥ã§ãããšã¿ãªããããããŸãã¯ã©ã®ã³ãã³ããç¹å¥ã§ãããšã¿ãªãããããšããç¹ã§å€å°ç°ãªããŸãã
èŠå¶ãã
POSIX ã®ç¹å¥ãªçµã¿èŸŒã¿ãŠãŒãã£ãªãã£:
., :, ç Žã, ç¶ãã, è©äŸ¡ãã, exec, çµäºãã, export, èªã¿åãå°çš, return, ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã«, ã·ãã, <font style="vertical-align: inherit;">åæ°</font>, ãã©ãã,
unset
NEW ã ã¯ã·ã¥ å²ãåœãŠãä¿æããã³ãã³ã:
ãã«ãã€ã³, å šäœçãª, source, ã¿ã€ãã»ãã, wait
ç¹å¥ã§ã¯ãªãçµã¿èŸŒã¿:
[, alias, bg, ãã€ã³ã, cat, cd, command, echo, false, fc, fg, ååŸ, jobs, kill, ã, å°å·,
pwd, read, ãªã¢ã«ãã¹, ãªããŒã , ç ã, ãµã¹ãã³ã, test, true, ulimit, umask, ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹, ã©ããã
ã³ãã³ãã®ã¿ã€ãã決å®ããããšãã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å²ãåœãŠãè¡ãããŸãã
ã³ãã³ãã®å®è¡äžã«å®è¡ããã³ãšã¯ã¹ããŒããããŸãã
以äžã«ãç¹å¥ãªçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ããšéåžžã®çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ããããã³çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã®ãããªäºçŽæžã¿ã³ãã³ãã«ã€ããŠèª¬æããŸãã
èšèïŒ
. file [arg㯠...]
ããããããããã³ãã³ããšåŒã³ãŸãã ã§ã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããŸã file çŸåšã®
ç°å¢ã ãã¡ã€ã«ã¯ PATH ã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªå ã§æ€çŽ¢ãããŸãã åŒæ°ã次ã®å Žå
äžããããå Žåãäœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã䜿çšããŠãããã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã§ããŸãã file ãããŠããŸã
å®è¡ãããŸããã åŒæ°ãæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåãäœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯
ã³ãã³ãã䜿çšãããç°å¢ã
: [...]
ãã«ã³ãã³ãã çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ãŒãã«èšå®ãããŸãã
[ è¡šçŸ ]
èŠã test.
alias [-d | -t [-r] | +-x] [-p] [+] [å [=å€] ...]
è°è«ããªããã°ã alias ãã¹ãŠã®ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ããªã¹ãããŸãã å€ã®ãªãååã®å Žåã
æ¢åã®ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ããªã¹ããããŸãã å€ãæã€ååã¯ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ãå®çŸ©ããŸã (ã ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹
äžèšïŒã
ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ããªã¹ãããå ŽåãXNUMX ã€ã®åœ¢åŒã®ããããã䜿çšãããŸãã éåžžããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªã¹ããããŸãã
å=å€ããã§ã å€ åŒçšãããŠããã ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®åã«ã+ããŸãã¯åç¬ã®ã+ããä»ããŠããå Žå
ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ã§ã®ã¿æå®ãããŸã å ãå°å·ãããŸãã
ã -d ãªãã·ã§ã³ãæå®ãããšããã«ãå±éã§äœ¿çšããããã£ã¬ã¯ã㪠ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ããªã¹ããããŸãã
ãŸãã¯èšå®ããŸãïŒåç § ãã«ã æ¡å€§ äžèšïŒã
Status -p ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšããããšãåãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã«ã¯æååãalias ãããã¬ãã£ãã¯ã¹ãšããŠä»ããããŸãã
ã -t ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ã远跡ããããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ããªã¹ã/èšå®ãããããšã瀺ããŸã (æå®ãããå€)
ã³ãã³ã ã©ã€ã³äžã® ã¯ã远跡ããããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã§ã¯ç¡èŠãããŸã)ã ã® -r ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ããã瀺ããŸã
远跡ããããã¹ãŠã®ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã¯ãªã»ãããããŸãã
ã -x ãªãã·ã§ã³ã»ãã (+x ã¯ãªã¢) ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã®ãšã¯ã¹ããŒãå±æ§ããŸãã¯ãååãæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ã
æå®ãããå Žåããšã¯ã¹ããŒãå±æ§ãæã€ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ããªã¹ãããŸã (ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã®ãšã¯ã¹ããŒãã«ã¯å±æ§ã¯ãããŸãã)
å¹æïŒã
bg [ãžã§ã ...]
æå®ããåæ¢ãžã§ããããã¯ã°ã©ãŠã³ãã§åéããŸãã ãžã§ããæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ã %+
ãšæ³å®ãããŸãã èŠã ãžã§ã ã³ã³ãããŒã« 詳现ã«ã€ããŠã¯ã以äžãã芧ãã ããã
ãã€ã³ã [-l]
çŸåšã®ãã€ã³ãã£ã³ã°ããªã¹ããããŸãã ãã -l ãã©ã°ãäžãããã ãã€ã³ã 代ããã«ã
ããŒããã€ã³ãã§ããé¢æ°ã®ååã èŠã Emacs ç·šé ã¢ãŒã 詳现ã«ã€ããŠã¯ã
æ å ±ã衚瀺ããŸãã
ãã€ã³ã [-m] æåå=[代æ¿] ...
ãã€ã³ã æåå=[ç·šéã³ãã³ã] ...
æå®ãããç·šéã³ãã³ãã¯ãæå®ãããã³ãã³ãã«ãã€ã³ããããŸãã æååã§æ§æãããŸãã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã§ XNUMX ã€ã®ãã¬ãã£ãã¯ã¹æåã®ãããããåã«ä»ãå¶åŸ¡æåãšã
å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠããã«ãæåãåŸã«ç¶ããŸãã ä»åŸã®ã€ã³ããã æåå åå ãšãªããŸã
ç·šéã³ãã³ããããã«åŒã³åºãããšãã§ããŸãã ãã -m ãã©ã°ãäžãããããšãæå®ããã
æåå ãã®åŸããã«æå®ããããã®ã«çœ®ãæããããŸã ä»£æ¿ æåå
ããã«ã¯ç·šéã³ãã³ããå«ãŸããå ŽåããããŸãããä»ã®ãã¯ãã¯å«ãŸããŸããã ãã«ãæ¥å°ŸèŸã
XNUMX ã€ãŸã㯠XNUMX ã€ã®æ¥é èŸã®æ«å°Ÿã«ãããã«ããšå¶åŸ¡æåã¯ç¡èŠãããŸãã
ä»ã®æ«å°Ÿæåã¯åŸã§åŠçãããŸãã
å¶åŸ¡æåã¯ãã£ã¬ããè¡šèšã䜿çšããŠèšè¿°ã§ããŸããã€ãŸãã^X 㯠Ctrl-X ãè¡šããŸãã
XNUMX ã€ã®ãã¬ãã£ãã¯ã¹æå (é垞㯠ESC ãš ^X) ã®ã¿ããµããŒããããŠããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
äžéšã®è€æ°æåã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã¯ãµããŒãã§ããŸãã
次ã®ããã©ã«ãã®ãã€ã³ãã£ã³ã°ã¯ãç¢å°ããŒãããŒã ãçµäºãããã³åé€ããŒãã©ã®ããã«æ©èœãããã瀺ããŠããŸãã
BSD ã§ã¯ãwsvt25ãxterm-xfree86ããŸã㯠GNU ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ç«¯æ«ããã€ã³ããããŠããŸã (ãã¡ãããããã€ãã®
ãšã¹ã±ãŒã ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã¯ããã»ã©ããŸãæ©èœããŸãã):
ãã€ã³ã '^X'=ãã¬ãã£ãã¯ã¹-2
ãã€ã³ã '^[['=prefix-2
ãã€ã³ã '^XA'=ã¢ãããã¹ããªãŒ
ãã€ã³ã '^XB'=ããŠã³å±¥æŽ
ãã€ã³ã '^XC'=forward-char
ãã€ã³ã '^XD'=åŸæ¹æå
ãã€ã³ã '^X1~'=è¡é
ãã€ã³ã '^X7~'=è¡é
ãã€ã³ã '^XH'=è¡é
ãã€ã³ã '^X4~'=è¡æ«
ãã€ã³ã '^X8~'=è¡æ«
ãã€ã³ã '^XF'=è¡æ«
ãã€ã³ã '^X3~'=åé€æå転é
ç Žã [ã¬ãã«]
åºå£ãåºã ã¬ãã«äžçªå åŽã® for, select, ãŸã§ãŸã㯠while ã«ãŒãã ã¬ãã« ããã©ã«ãã¯1ã§ãã
ãã«ãã€ã³ [--] command [arg㯠...]
çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ããå®è¡ãã command.
cat [-u] [file ...]
ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ã®é åºã§ãã¡ã€ã«ãé çªã«èªã¿åããæšæºåºåã«æžã蟌ã¿ãŸãã
ãã file åäžã®ããã·ã¥ (ã-ã) ãŸãã¯çç¥ãããŠãããæšæºå ¥åããèªã¿åãããŸãã çŽæ¥ã®å Žå
çµã¿èŸŒã¿åŒã³åºããPOSIX -u ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ no-op ãšããŠãµããŒããããŸãã ã·ã§ã«ããã®åŒã³åºãã®å Žåã
ä»»æã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ãæå®ãããŠããå Žåãå€éš cat(1) çµã¿èŸŒã¿ããããŠãŒãã£ãªãã£ãåªå ãããŸãã
cd [-L] [DIR]
cd -P [-e] [DIR]
Chdir [-ãšã«ã»P] [DIR]
äœæ¥ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã次ã®ããã«èšå®ããŸã DIRã ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ CDPATH ãèšå®ãããŠããå Žåã¯ã
ãå«ããã£ã¬ã¯ããªã®æ€çŽ¢ãã¹ DIRã NULL ãã¹ã¯çŸåšã®ãã¹ãæå³ããŸã
ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã ããã DIR CDPATH æ€çŽ¢ãã¹ã®ã³ã³ããŒãã³ã (
NULL ãã¹ã®å Žåãæ°ããäœæ¥ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã®ååãæšæºåºåã«æžã蟌ãŸããŸãã
If DIR ãèŠã€ãããªãå Žåã¯ãããŒã ãã£ã¬ã¯ã㪠HOME ã䜿çšãããŸãã ãã DIR ã¯ã-ããåã®
äœæ¥ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã䜿çšãããŸã (OLDPWD ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãåç §)ã
Status -L ãªãã·ã§ã³ (è«çãã¹) ã䜿çšãããŠããå ŽåããŸã㯠ç©çç㪠ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããŸãã (
ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« 以äžã®ã³ãã³ã)ãã..ããžã®åç § DIR ã«å°éããããã«äœ¿çšããããã¹ã«å¯ŸããŠçžå¯Ÿçã§ã
ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã ãã -P ãªãã·ã§ã³ (ç©çãã¹) ã䜿çšãããŠããå ŽåããŸã㯠ç©çç㪠ãªãã·ã§ã³ããã
èšå®ãããŠããå Žåãã..ãã¯ãã¡ã€ã«ã·ã¹ãã ã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªããªãŒã«çžå¯Ÿçã§ãã é害è ãšèé害è
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ãçŸåšããã³å€ãäœæ¥ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªãåæ ããããã«æŽæ°ãããŸãã
ããããã ãã -e ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ç©çãã¡ã€ã«ã·ã¹ãã ã®ãã©ããŒãµã«ãš PWD ã«èšå®ãããŠããŸã
èšå®ã§ããŸããã§ãããçµäºã³ãŒã㯠1 ã§ãã ãšã©ãŒãçºçããå Žå㯠1 ãã倧ããã0
ãããªããšã
cd [-ãšã«ã»P] å€ã æ°è£œå
Chdir [-ãšã«ã»P] å€ã æ°è£œå
æåå æ°è£œå 代çšããã å€ã çŸåšã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªãšã·ã§ã«å
æ°ãããã£ã¬ã¯ããªã«å€æŽããããšããŸãã
command [-pVv] CMD [arg㯠...]
ã©ã¡ãã -v ãŸã -V ãªãã·ã§ã³ãäžãããã CMD ããããã®ããã«æ£ç¢ºã«å®è¡ãããŸã command æã£ãŠããŸãã
XNUMX ã€ã®äŸå€ãé€ããŠæå®ãããŠããŸãã: ãŸãã CMD ã·ã§ã«é¢æ°ã«ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã ãããŠ
第äºã«ãç¹å¥ãªçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ãã¯ãã®ç¹å¥æ§ã倱ããŸã (ã€ãŸãããªãã€ã¬ã¯ããš
ãŠãŒãã£ãªãã£ãšã©ãŒã«ãã£ãŠã·ã§ã«ãçµäºããããã³ãã³ãã®å²ãåœãŠãè¡ããããããããšã¯ãããŸããã
æ°žç¶çïŒã
Status -p ãªãã·ã§ã³ãæå®ãããŠããå ŽåãçŸåšã®å€ã®ä»£ããã«ããã©ã«ãã®æ€çŽ¢ãã¹ã䜿çšãããŸãã
PATH ã®å®éã®å€ã¯ã·ã¹ãã ã«äŸåããŸãã
Status -v å®è¡ãã代ããã«ãªãã·ã§ã³ãäžããããŸã CMDãã©ããªããã«ã€ããŠã®æ å ±
å®è¡ããããã®ãäžããããŸãïŒãããŠåãããšãè¡ãããŸãïŒ arg㯠...ïŒã çµã¿èŸŒã¿ãé¢æ°ãããã³
ããŒã¯ãŒãã®å Žåã¯ããã®ååãåçŽã«åºåãããŸãã ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã®å Žåããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ãå®çŸ©ããã³ãã³ãã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
å°å·ãããã PATH ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®æ€çŽ¢ã«ãã£ãŠèŠã€ãã£ããŠãŒãã£ãªãã£ã®å Žåã¯ããã®ãã«ãã¹
ã³ãã³ããåºåãããŸãã ã³ãã³ããèŠã€ãããªãå Žå (ã€ãŸãããã¹æ€çŽ¢ã倱æããå Žå)ãäœãå®è¡ãããŸããã
å°å·ã㊠command ãŒã以å€ã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã§çµäºããŸãã ã® -V ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãããªãã®ã§ã -v
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã§ãããããåé·ã«ãªããŸãã
ç¶ãã [ã¬ãã«]
ã®å é ã«ãžã£ã³ãããŸã ã¬ãã«äžçªå åŽã® for, select, ãŸã§ãŸã㯠while ã«ãŒãã
ã¬ãã« ããã©ã«ãã¯1ã§ãã
echo [-A] [arg㯠...]
èŠåïŒ ãã®ãŠãŒãã£ãªãã£ã¯ç§»æ€æ§ããããŸããã Korn ã·ã§ã«çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã䜿çšãã å°å· ã代ããã«ã䜿ããã ããã
åŒæ° (ã¹ããŒã¹ã§åºåããã) ã«ç¶ããŠæ¹è¡ãæšæºã«åŸã£ãŠåºåããŸãã
åºåã åŒæ°ã®ããããã«ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ãå«ãŸããŠããå Žåãæ¹è¡ã¯æå¶ãããŸãã
ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã\cãã ãåç §ããŠãã ããã å°å· ä»ã®ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã®ãªã¹ãã«ã€ããŠã¯ã以äžã®ã³ãã³ããåç §ããŠãã ãã
èªèãããŠãããã®ã
ãããã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãBSD ã·ã§ã« ã¹ã¯ãªãããšã®äºææ§ã®ããã«æäŸãããŠããŸãã ã® -n ãªãã·ã§ã³
æ«å°Ÿã®æ¹è¡ãæå¶ããŸãã -e ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ã®è§£éãæå¹ã«ããŸã (äœãæäœããŸããã
ããã¯éåžžè¡ãããŸã)ããã㊠-E ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ã®è§£éãæå¶ããŸãã
Status POSIX or sh ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããããããã¯çŽæ¥ã®çµã¿èŸŒã¿åŒã³åºãã§ããæåã®åŒã³åºãã®ã¿ã§ãã
åŒæ°ã¯ããããæ£ç¢ºã«ããã§ããå Žåã«ã®ã¿ããªãã·ã§ã³ãšããŠæ±ãããŸãã-nâã ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥
解éã¯ç¡å¹ã«ãªããŸãã
è©äŸ¡ãã command ...
åŒæ°ã¯ (éã«ã¹ããŒã¹ãå ¥ããŠ) é£çµãã㊠XNUMX ã€ã®æååã圢æããŸãã
ã·ã§ã«ã¯ããã解æããçŸåšã®ç°å¢ã§å®è¡ããŸãã
exec [-a argv0] [-c] [ command [arg㯠...]]
ã³ãã³ãã¯ãã©ãŒã¯ããã«å®è¡ãããã·ã§ã« ããã»ã¹ã眮ãæããããŸãã ããã¯
çŸåšçµ¶å¯Ÿçãªãã€ãŸã exec ããšã command èŠã€ãããŸããã ã®
-a ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšãããšãå¥ã® argv[0] å€ãèšå®ã§ããŸãã -c ç°å¢ãæµåããŸã
_ å€æ°ãšçŽæ¥ä»£å ¥ãé€ããŠãåããã»ã¹ãå®è¡ããåã«ã
I/O ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ã以å€ã®ã³ãã³ããæå®ãããŠããªãå ŽåãI/O ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã¯æ°žç¶çã«ãªããŸãã
ãããŠã·ã§ã«ã¯äº€æãããŸããã éãããŠãã 2 ãã倧ãããã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°å
or DUP(2) ãã®ããã«ããŠå®è¡ãããã³ãã³ãã¯ãä»ã®å®è¡ãããã³ãã³ãã§ã¯å©çšã§ããŸãã (ã€ãŸãã
ã·ã§ã«ã«çµã¿èŸŒãŸããŠããªãã³ãã³ãïŒã Bourne ã·ã§ã«ã¯ç°ãªãããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ãã
ãã; ãããã®ãã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°åã¯æž¡ããŸãã
çµäºãã [status]
ã·ã§ã«ã¯ãæå®ãããçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã§çµäºããŸãã ãã status æå®ãããŠããªãå Žåãåºå£
status ã¯çŸåšã®å€ã§ãã $? ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«äžèŽããæåã®ããã€ã¹ã®ãªã¢ãŒãã³ã³ãããŒã« URL ãè¿ããŸãã
export [-p] [ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒ[=å€]]
ååä»ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®ãšã¯ã¹ããŒãå±æ§ãèšå®ããŸãã ãšã¯ã¹ããŒãããããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãæž¡ãããŸã
ã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããããã®ç°å¢ã å€ãæå®ãããŠããå Žåãååä»ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿
ãå²ãåœãŠãããŠããŸãã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåããšã¯ã¹ããŒãå±æ§ãèšå®ãããŠãããã¹ãŠã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã
XNUMX è¡ã« XNUMX ã€ãã€å°å·ãããŸãã ãããã®ååããŸãã¯ãªãã·ã§ã³æåã®ãªãã-ãã®å Žåã¯ã
æå®ããããåå=å€ã®ãã¢ããŸã㯠-p, export åçªå ¥ã«é©ããã³ãã³ãã
false ãŒã以å€ã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã§çµäºããã³ãã³ãã
fc [-e ãšãã£ã¿ | -l [-n]][-r] [æåã® [last]]
æåã® & last å±¥æŽããã³ãã³ããéžæããŸãã ã³ãã³ãã¯å±¥æŽããéžæå¯èœ
æ°å€ (è² ã®æ°å€ã¯çŸåšã®è¡ãææ°ã®è¡ããé¡ããŸã) ãŸãã¯
ãã®æååã§å§ãŸãææ°ã®ã³ãã³ããæå®ããæååã ã® -l ãªãã·ã§ã³
æšæºåºåã«ã³ãã³ãããªã¹ããã -n ããã©ã«ãã®ã³ãã³ãçªå·ãçŠæ¢ããŸãã
ã -r ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãªã¹ãã®é åºãéã«ããŸãã ãããªã -lãéžæãããã³ãã³ãã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
ã§æå®ããããšãã£ã¿ã«ãã£ãŠç·šéãããŸãã -e ãªãã·ã§ã³ããŸãã¯ãããã®å Žå -e æå®ãããŠããå Žåã
FCEDIT ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã§æå®ããããšãã£ã¿ (ãã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãèšå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã /bin/ed is
䜿çšãããŸã)ãã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠå®è¡ãããŸãã
fc -e - | -s [-g] [å€ã=æ°è£œå] [æ¥é èŸ]
å®è¡åŸã«ãéžæããã³ãã³ã (ããã©ã«ãã§ã¯åã®ã³ãã³ã) ãåå®è¡ããŸãã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®çœ®æ å€ã ã æ°è£œåã å Žå -g ãæå®ãããŠããå ŽåãåºçŸãããã¹ãŠã®
å€ã ã«çœ®ãæããããŸã æ°è£œåã ã®æå³ -e - & -s ã¯åäžã§ã: ãåå®è¡ããŸã
ãšãã£ã¿ãèµ·åããã«éžæããã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããŸãã ãã®ã³ãã³ãã¯éåžžã次ã®ããã«ããŠã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããŸãã
äºåå®çŸ©ããããã®: alias r='fc -e -'
fg [ãžã§ã ...]
æå®ããããžã§ãããã©ã¢ã°ã©ãŠã³ãã§åéããŸãã ãžã§ããæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ã %+ is
æ³å®ãããã èŠã ãžã§ã ã³ã³ãããŒã« 詳现ã«ã€ããŠã¯ã以äžãã芧ãã ããã
ååŸ ãªããæåå å [arg㯠...]
æå®ãããåŒæ° (ãŸãã¯äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã
åŒæ°ãæå®ãããŠããªãå Žå)ãæ³çãªãªãã·ã§ã³ã確èªããŸãã ãªããæåå å«ãŸããŠããŸã
ãªãã·ã§ã³æå ååŸ èªèããããšã§ãã æåã®åŸã«ã³ãã³ãç¶ãå Žåã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã«ã¯åŒæ°ãå¿ èŠã§ãã åŒæ°ããšããªããªãã·ã§ã³ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
åäžã®åŒæ°ã«ã°ã«ãŒãåãããŸãã ãªãã·ã§ã³ãåŒæ°ãåãå Žåããªãã·ã§ã³ã¯
æåãèŠã€ãã£ãåŒæ°ã®æåŸã®æåã§ã¯ãªãå Žåãæ®ãã®æåã¯
åŒæ°ã¯ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®åŒæ°ãšã¿ãªãããŸãã ãã以å€ã®å Žåã次ã®åŒæ°ã¯
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®åŒæ°ã
æ¯å ååŸ ãåŒã³åºããããšãã·ã§ã«ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«æ¬¡ã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ãé 眮ãããŸãã å
ããã³æ¬¡ã®åŒã³åºãã§åŠçãããåŒæ°ã®ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ ååŸ ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã«
ã·ã§ã«ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿OPTINDã ãªãã·ã§ã³ãã+ãã§å°å ¥ãããå Žåããªãã·ã§ã³ã¯é 眮ãããŸã
in å æ¥é èŸã+ããä»ããŸãã ãªãã·ã§ã³ã«åŒæ°ãå¿ èŠãªå Žåã ååŸ å Žæ
ãããã·ã§ã«ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ OPTARG ã§æå®ããŸãã
äžæ£ãªãªãã·ã§ã³ãŸãã¯æ¬ èœããŠãããªãã·ã§ã³åŒæ°ãèŠã€ãã£ãå Žåãçå笊ã衚瀺ãããŸãã
ãŸãã¯ã³ãã³ã眮ãããŸã å (äžæ£ãªãªãã·ã§ã³ãŸãã¯åŒæ°ãæ¬ èœããŠããããšã瀺ããŸãã
ãããã)ãOPTARG ã¯åé¡ã®åå ãšãªã£ããªãã·ã§ã³æåã«èšå®ãããŸãã
ããã«ããã ãªããæåå ã³ãã³ã§å§ãŸããªãå Žåãçå笊ã眮ãããŸã
å, OPTARG ã¯èšå®ãããŠãããããšã©ãŒ ã¡ãã»ãŒãžãæšæºãšã©ãŒã«åºåãããŸãã
éžæè¢ã®çµããã«éãããšã ååŸ ãŒã以å€ã®çµäºã§çµäºããŸã
ç¶æ ã ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãéå§ããªãæåã® (ãªãã·ã§ã³åŒæ°ã§ã¯ãªã) åŒæ°ã§çµäºããŸãã
ã-ãã䜿çšããå ŽåããŸãã¯ã--ãåŒæ°ãèŠã€ãã£ãå Žåã
ãªãã·ã§ã³è§£æã¯ãOPTIND ã 1 ã«èšå®ããããšã§ãªã»ããã§ããŸã (ããã¯èªåçã«è¡ãããŸã)
ã·ã§ã«ãŸãã¯ã·ã§ã« ããã·ãŒãžã£ãåŒã³åºããããã³ã«)ã
èŠå: ã·ã§ã« ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ OPTIND ã®å€ã 1 以å€ã®å€ã«å€æŽãããšã
OPTIND ããªã»ããããã«ããŸããŸãªåŒæ°ã®ã»ããã解æãããšãäºæããªãåé¡ãçºçããå¯èœæ§ããããŸã
çµæã
å šäœç㪠...
èŠã ã¿ã€ãã»ãã.
ããã·ã¥ [-r] [å ...]
åŒæ°ãæå®ããªããšãããã·ã¥åãããå®è¡å¯èœã³ãã³ãã®ãã¹åããªã¹ããããŸãã ã® -r ãªãã·ã§ã³
ãã¹ãŠã®ããã·ã¥ãããã³ãã³ããããã·ã¥ ããŒãã«ããåé€ãããŸãã ãããã å æ€çŽ¢ãããŸã
ãããã³ãã³ãåã§ãããã®ããã«ãå®è¡å¯èœãã¡ã€ã«ã®å Žåã¯ããã·ã¥ ããŒãã«ã«è¿œå ãããŸãã
jobs [-lnp] [ãžã§ã ...]
æå®ããããžã§ãã«é¢ããæ å ±ã衚瀺ããŸãã ãžã§ããæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ããã¹ãŠã®ãžã§ã
ã衚瀺ãããŸãã ã® -n ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšãããšã次ã®ãžã§ãã®æ å ±ã®ã¿ã衚瀺ãããŸãã
ååã®éç¥ä»¥éã«ç¶æ ãå€åããŸããã ãã -l ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšããã
ãžã§ãå ã®åããã»ã¹ã®ããã»ã¹ ID ããªã¹ããããŸãã ã® -p ãªãã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ã
å°å·ããåãžã§ãã®ããã»ã¹ã°ã«ãŒãã èŠã ãžã§ã ã³ã³ãããŒã« ã®åœ¢åŒã«ã€ããŠã¯ä»¥äžãåç §ããŠãã ãã ãžã§ã
ãããŠè¡šç€ºããããžã§ãã
kill [-s 眲åå | | -ã·ã°ãã | | -眲åå]{ ãžã§ã | ããã | pgrp } ...
æå®ãããã·ã°ãã«ãæå®ããããžã§ããããã»ã¹ IDããŸãã¯ããã»ã¹ ã°ã«ãŒãã«éä¿¡ããŸãã ãã
ã·ã°ãã«ãæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ãTERM ã·ã°ãã«ãéä¿¡ãããŸãã ãžã§ããæå®ãããŠããå Žåãã·ã°ãã«ã¯
ãžã§ãã®ããã»ã¹ ã°ã«ãŒãã«éä¿¡ãããŸãã èŠã ãžã§ã ã³ã³ãããŒã« ã®åœ¢åŒã«ã€ããŠã¯ä»¥äžãåç §ããŠãã ãã ãžã§ã.
kill -l [çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ ...]
ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããä¿¡å·åãåºåããŸãã çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã åŒæ°ãæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã
ãã¹ãŠã®ä¿¡å·ã®ãªã¹ãããã®çªå·ãããã³ãããã®ç°¡åãªèª¬æãå°å·ãããŸãã
ã [è¡šçŸ ...]
ååŒãè©äŸ¡ãããŸã (ã ç®è¡ è¡šçŸ ãã®äžïŒã ãã¹ãŠã®åŒã®å Žå
ãæ£åžžã«è©äŸ¡ãããæåŸã®åŒãè©äŸ¡ãããå Žåãçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ 0 (1) ã«ãªããŸãã
éãŒãïŒãŒãïŒã«ããŸãã 解æãŸãã¯è©äŸ¡äžã«ãšã©ãŒãçºçããå Žå
åŒã®å Žåãçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ 1 ãã倧ãããªããŸããåŒã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ããå¿ èŠãããå ŽåããããŸãã
åŒçšã(( åŒ )) 㯠{ let ' ã®ç³è¡£æ§æã§ãåŒ'; }ã
ãããŠ] å éšã§äœ¿çšããããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ ã.
mknod [-m ã¢ãŒã] å b|c äž»èŠãª ãã€ããŒ
mknod [-m ã¢ãŒã] å p
ããã€ã¹ã¹ãã·ã£ã«ãã¡ã€ã«ãäœæããŸãã ãã¡ã€ã«ã®çš®é¡ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã b (ãããã¯åããã€ã¹)ã c
(æååããã€ã¹)ããŸã㯠p (ååä»ããã€ããFIFO)ã äœæããããã¡ã€ã«ã¯å€æŽãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸã
ããã«ãããš ã¢ãŒã ïŒã㢠-m ãªãã·ã§ã³ïŒã äž»èŠãª (ã¡ãžã£ãŒããã€ã¹çªå·)ãããã³ ãã€ããŒ
(ãã€ããŒããã€ã¹çªå·)ã ããã¯éåžžã¯äžéšã§ã¯ãããŸãã ã ã¯ã·ã¥; ãã ãããã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒã¯ã
ãããã¹ããŒãããã¯ãšããŠçµã¿èŸŒã¿ãšããŠè¿œå ããŸããã
å°å· [-nprsu[n] | -R [-en]][åŒæ° ...]
å°å· åŒæ°ãã¹ããŒã¹ã§åºåã£ãŠçµäºããŠæšæºåºåã«åºåããŸã
æ¹è¡ä»ãã ã® -n ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯æ¹è¡ãæå¶ããŸãã ããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ãç¹å®ã® C ã¯ãšã¹ã±ãŒããããŸã
翻蚳ãããŠããŸãã ãããã«ã¯ãã§èšåãããŠãããã®ãå«ãŸããŸã ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ æ¡å€§ äžã§ãåæ§ã«
'\c' ãšããŠäœ¿çšããŸããããã¯ã -n ãªãã·ã§ã³ã ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥å±éã¯å¯èœã§ã
ã§æå¶ããã -r ãªãã·ã§ã³ã ã¶Â· -s ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ã代ããã«å±¥æŽãã¡ã€ã«ã«åºåããŸãã
æšæºåºåã ã® -u ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°åã«åºåããŸã n (n 次ã®å Žåãããã©ã«ãã¯1ã§ãã
çç¥ïŒ; ãããŠãã® -p ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ã³ããã»ã¹ã«åºåããŸã (ã å ±åããã»ã¹ äžèšïŒã
ã -R ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãBSD ãããçšåºŠãšãã¥ã¬ãŒãããããã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã echo(1) ãè¡ãã³ãã³ã
次ã®å Žåãé€ããã\ãã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã¯åŠçãããŸããã -e ãªãã·ã§ã³ãäžããããŸãã äžèšã®ããã«ã -n ãªãã·ã§ã³
æ«å°Ÿã®æ¹è¡ãæå¶ããŸãã
printf 圢åŒã§ã¢ãŒã«ã€ããããããžã§ã¯ããä¿åããŸãïŒ [åŒæ° ...]
ãã©ãŒããããããåºåã ãšã»ãŒåãã§ã printf(1)ããŠãŒãã£ãªãã£ã䜿çšããå Žåãé€ã
åã ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ æ¡å€§ ããã³ I/O ã³ãŒãã§ãããæµ®åå°æ°ç¹ã
æ®ãã® ã ã¯ã·ã¥ã çµã¿èŸŒã¿ãŠãŒãã£ãªãã£ãããå€éšãŠãŒãã£ãªãã£ã®æ¹ãåªå ãããŸãã ããã§ã¯ãããŸãã
éåžžã¯äžéšã§ã ã ã¯ã·ã¥; ãã ãããã£ã¹ããªãã¥ãŒã¿ã¯ãããçµã¿èŸŒã¿ãšããŠè¿œå ããŠããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
ã¹ããŒãããã¯ã æ°ããã³ãŒãã§ã¯äœ¿çšããªãã§ãã ããã
pwd [-LP]
çŸåšã®äœæ¥ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªãåºåããŸãã ãã -L ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšãããŠããå ŽåããŸã㯠ç©ççãª
ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããŸãã ( ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« 以äžã®ã³ãã³ãïŒãè«çãã¹ãåºåãããŸãïŒã€ãŸãã
䜿ãæ £ããé cd çŸåšã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã«ç§»åããŸã)ã ãã -P ãªãã·ã§ã³(ç©çãã¹)ã䜿çšããå Žå
ãŸã㯠ç©çç㪠ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããå Žåããã¹ã¯ãã¡ã€ã«ã·ã¹ãã ãã決å®ãããŸãïŒ
'..' ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªããã«ãŒã ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªãŸã§) ãåºåãããŸãã
read [-A | -a] [-d x] [-N z | -n z] [-p | -u[n]][-t n] [-rs] [p ...]
å ¥åè¡ãèªã¿åããIFS ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã䜿çšããŠå ¥åããã£ãŒã«ãã«åå²ããŸã (ã
眮æ äžèš)ãåãã£ãŒã«ããæå®ããããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«å²ãåœãŠãŸãã pã ãããã®å Žå
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãæå®ãããŠããå Žåã¯ãçµæãä¿åããããã« REPLY ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã䜿çšãããŸãã ãšãšãã«
-A & -a ãªãã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ããŸã£ãã䜿çšããªããããŸã㯠XNUMX ã€ã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®ã¿ãåãå ¥ããŸãã ãã£ãšããã°
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ããã£ãŒã«ãã§ã¯ãªãå Žåãè¿œå ã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ç©ºã®æååãŸã㯠0 ã«èšå®ãããŸãã ãã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãããã£ãŒã«ãã®æ°ãå€ãå ŽåãæåŸã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«ã¯æ®ãã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãå²ãåœãŠãããŸãã
ãã£ãŒã«ã (åèªã®åºåãæåãå«ã)ã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ä»¥äžã®ãšããã§ãã
-A çµæããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«æ ŒçŽããŸã p (ãŸã㯠REPLY) ãåèªã®é åãšããŠã
-a åèªããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«åå²ããã«çµæãä¿åããŸã p ïŒãŸãã¯è¿ä¿¡ïŒãšããŠ
æåã®é å (ã¯ã€ãæåã®å Žå㯠utf8 ã¢ãŒã ãªãã·ã§ã³ãå¶å®ããã
ãã以å€ã®å Žåã¯ãªã¯ããã); ã³ãŒããã€ã³ãã¯ããã©ã«ã㧠XNUMX é²æ°ãšããŠãšã³ã³ãŒããããŸãã
-d x ã®æåã®ãã€ãã䜿çšããŸã xã空ã®å Žåã¯ãASCII æ¹è¡æåã®ä»£ããã« NUL
å ¥åè¡åºåãæåãšããŠäœ¿çšããŸãã
-N z è¡æ«ãŸã§èªãã®ã§ã¯ãªããæ£ç¢ºã«èªã z ãã€ãã EOF ãŸãã¯
ã¿ã€ã ã¢ãŠããçºçãããšãéšåèªã¿åããçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ 1 ã§è¿ãããŸãã
-n z è¡æ«ãŸã§èªãã®ã§ã¯ãªããæåŸãŸã§èªãã§ãã ããã z ãã€ãã§ããããã«æ»ããŸã
é ã端æ«ããã€ã¹ããããŸã㯠EOF ãŸãã¯ã¿ã€ã ã¢ãŠãã®å Žåã«ãä»»æã®ãã€ããèªã¿åãããå Žå
çºçããã
-p çŸåšã¢ã¯ãã£ããªã³ããã»ã¹ããèªã¿åããŸãããåç §ããŠãã ããã å ±åããã»ã¹ 詳现ã«ã€ããŠã¯äžèš
ããã§ã
-u[n] ãã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°åããèªã¿åããŸã n (ããã©ã«ã㯠0ãã€ãŸãæšæºå ¥å)ã ã®
åŒæ°ã¯ãªãã·ã§ã³æåã®çŽåŸã«æå®ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
-t n èªã¿åããäžæããŸã n ç§ (æ£ã® XNUMX é²æ°å€ãšããŠæå®ãã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®å°æ°éšå)ã ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ read ã¿ã€ã ã¢ãŠãã®å Žå㯠1
ãçºçããŸããããéšåçãªèªã¿åããè¿ãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
-r éåžžãASCII ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥æåã¯ããã®ç¹å¥ãªæå³ããšã¹ã±ãŒãããŸãã
åŸç¶ã®æåã¯å ¥åããåé€ãããŸãã read ãã€ã§ãæ¢ãŸããªã
ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ãšæ¹è¡ã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ãçºçãããã®æ¹è¡ã
çµæã ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ã䜿çšãããªã raw ã¢ãŒããæå¹ã«ããŸãã
åŠçãããŸããã
-s å ¥åããè¡ã¯å±¥æŽã«ä¿åãããŸãã
å ¥åã端æ«ã®å Žåãäž¡æ¹ã® -N & -n ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ raw ã¢ãŒãã«èšå®ããŸãã 圌ãã¯
-1 ãæž¡ãããå Žåããã¡ã€ã«å šäœãèªã¿åããŸã z åŒæ°ã
æåã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«ã¯çå笊ãšæååãè¿œå ãããå ŽåããããŸãã
æååãããã³ãããšããŠäœ¿çšãããå Žå (å ¥åãè¡ãããåã«æšæºãšã©ãŒã«åºåãããŸã)
read) å ¥åã TTY(4) (äŸ: read ããµãŒïŒãçªå· of ããŒãº: ').
å ¥åãèªã¿åãããªãå ŽåããŸãã¯ã¿ã€ã ã¢ãŠããçºçããå Žåã read ãŒã以å€ã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã§çµäºããŸãã
ãã XNUMX ã€ã®äŸ¿å©ãªããªãã¯: read 次ã®ãããªã«ãŒãã§å®è¡ãããŸã while read ãµãŒ; do ...;
è¡ãã ãã®åŸãå é ã®ç©ºçœãåé€ãã (IFS)ãããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ãåŠçãããŸãã ããªã
䜿ããããããããªã while IFS = read -r ãµãŒ; do ...; è¡ãã èªç¶ãª I/O ã®ããã«ã åæ§ã«ã
䜿çšãããšã -a ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®äœ¿çš -r ãšããéžæè¢ã¯è³¢æãããããªãã åãããšãåœãŠã¯ãŸããŸã
ããã«ïŒ
æ¢ã ã -type f -print0 |& \
while IFS= èªã¿åã -d '' -pr ãã¡ã€ã«å; ãã
print -r -- "<${filename#./}> ãèŠã€ãããŸãã"
è¡ãã
å åŽã®ã«ãŒãã¯ãµãã·ã§ã«ã§å®è¡ãããå€æ°ãå€æŽããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã
ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã§å®è¡ãããå Žåã«äŒæãããŸãã
ã㌠| ã㺠| foo ãèªã¿ãªãã; ãã ...; çµãã
代ããã«ã³ããã»ã¹ã䜿çšããŠãã ããã
ã㌠| ã㺠|&
èªã¿åãäž -p foo; ãã ...; çµãã
å®è¡ 3>&p; å®è¡ 3>&-
èªã¿åãå°çš [-p] [ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒ [=å€] ...]
ååä»ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®èªã¿åãå°çšå±æ§ãèšå®ããŸãã å€ãæå®ãããŠããå Žåã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯å±æ§ãèšå®ããåã«èšå®ãããŸãã ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãäœæããã
èªã¿åãå°çšã®ãããèšå®ã解é€ããããå€ãå€æŽãããããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒãæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåãèªã¿åãå°çšã®ãã¹ãŠã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒã®ååã䜿çšãããŸãã
å±æ§ã¯ã -p ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšãããŸãããã®å Žå
èªã¿åãå°çš ãã¹ãŠã®èªã¿åãå°çšãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãšãã®å€ãå®çŸ©ããã³ãã³ãã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
å°å·ãããŸãã
ãªã¢ã«ãã¹ [--] å
ã«å¯Ÿå¿ãã解決ããã絶察ãã¹åãåºåããŸãã åã å Žå å ã§çµãã
ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ (ã/ã) ã®å Žåãååšãããã©ãããããã³ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã§ãããã©ããããã§ãã¯ãããŸãã
ãããªããšã ãªã¢ã«ãã¹ ãã¹åãååšãããäœæã§ããå Žå㯠0 ãè¿ããŸãã
ã€ãŸããæåŸã®ã³ã³ããŒãã³ããé€ããã¹ãŠã®ã³ã³ããŒãã³ããååšãããã£ã¬ã¯ããªã«ãªããŸãã
ãªããŒã [--] ãã ããž
ãã¡ã€ã«ã®ååãå€æŽããŸã ãã ããž ããžã äž¡æ¹ãšãå®å šãªãã¹åã§ãããåãããã€ã¹äžã«ããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
ãã®çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã¯ã次ã®ãããªç·æ¥äºæ ãæ³å®ããŠããŸãã /bin/mv 䜿çšã§ããªããªãã
çŽæ¥é»è©±ãããã ãªããŒã ãšããŸãã
return [status]
é¢æ°ããã®æ»ãå€ãŸã㯠. ã¹ã¯ãªãããçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ä»ã statusã ãããã®å Žå status äžããããã
æåŸã«å®è¡ãããã³ãã³ãã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã䜿çšãããŸãã é¢æ°ã®å€ã§äœ¿çšããå Žå
or . ã¹ã¯ãªããã䜿çšãããšã次ãšåãå¹æããããŸãã çµäºããã ãäºæ¿ãã ãã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ ãããã¡ã€ã«ãš
ENV ãã¡ã€ã«ãšã㊠. å ã® Korn ã·ã§ã«ã¯ãããã¡ã€ã«ã®ã¿ãã¹ã¯ãªãããšããŠæ±ããŸããã .
ã¹ã¯ãªããã
ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« [+-abCefhiklmnprsUuvXx] [+-o ãªãã·ã§ã³] [+-A å] [--] [arg㯠...]
ã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« ã³ãã³ãã䜿çšããŠèšå®ã§ããŸã (-) ãŸãã¯ã¯ãªã¢ (+) ã·ã§ã«ãªãã·ã§ã³ãäœçœ®ãèšå®ããŸã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã䜿çšããããé åãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãèšå®ããŸãã ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ã +-o ãªãã·ã§ã³
æ§æããã㧠ãªãã·ã§ã³ ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®é·ãååããŸã㯠+-æçŽ æ§æã
ã³ã©ãã¬ãŒ æçŽ ãªãã·ã§ã³ã® XNUMX æåã®ååã§ã (ãã¹ãŠã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã« XNUMX æåãå«ãŸããããã§ã¯ãããŸãã)
ååïŒã 次ã®è¡šã«ããªãã·ã§ã³æå (ååšããå Žå) ãšé·ãååã®äž¡æ¹ã瀺ããŸãã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®æ©èœã®èª¬æãæ·»ããŠ:
-A å
é åãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®èŠçŽ ãèšå®ããŸã å ããž arg㯠... If -A ã䜿çšãããŠããå Žåã
é åã¯æåã«ãªã»ãã (ã€ãŸã空) ãããŸãã ãã +A ã䜿çšããããšãæåã® N èŠçŽ ãèšå®ãããŸã
(N ã¯åŒæ°ã®æ°ã§ã); æ®ãã¯æã€ããã®ãŸãŸã§ãã
ã³ãã³ãã®ä»£æ¿æ§æ ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -A foo -- a b c ãšäºææ§ããããŸã
GNU bash AT&T UNIX ã§ããµããŒããããŠããŸã ksh93 次ã®ãšããã§ãã foo=(a b cïŒ; foo+=(d e)
-a | -o ãã¹ãŠãšã¯ã¹ããŒã
æ°ãããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ãã¹ãŠãexport å±æ§ã䜿çšããŠäœæãããŸãã
-b | -o éç¥ãã
ãžã§ãéç¥ã¡ãã»ãŒãžãå°å·çŽåã§ã¯ãªãéåæã§å°å·ããŸãã
ããã³ããã ãžã§ãå¶åŸ¡ãæå¹ãªå Žåã«ã®ã¿äœ¿çšãããŸã (-m).
-C | -o ããŒã¯ãããŒ
> ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ããæ¢åã®ãã¡ã€ã«ãäžæžãããªãããã«ããŸãã 代ããã«ã>| 䜿çšããªããã°ãªããŸãã
匷å¶çã«äžæžãããŸãã ãããäœæã«äœ¿çšããã®ã¯å®å šã§ã¯ãªãããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ããèš±å¯ãããã§ãã¯ã® TOCTOU ã«ããäžæãã¡ã€ã«ãŸãã¯ããã¯ãã¡ã€ã«
ã«åºå / dev / null ãŸãã¯ä»ã®ããã€ã¹ãã¡ã€ã«ã§ã ããŒã¯ãã㌠ã¢ãŒãã
-e | -o ãšã©ãŒ
ãšã©ãŒãçºçãããã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããããšããã«çµäºããŸã (ERR ãã©ããã®å®è¡åŸ)ã
倱æããŸã (ã€ãŸãããŒã以å€ã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã§çµäºããŸã)ã ããã¯ã³ãã³ãã«ã¯é©çšãããŸãã
ãã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ã次ã®ãããªã·ã§ã«æ§æã«ãã£ãŠæ瀺çã«ãã¹ããããŸãã if, ãŸã§,
whileãŸã㯠! çºèšã ã®ããã« && ãŸã㯠|| ã®å ŽåãæåŸã®ã³ãã³ãã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã®ã¿ã衚瀺ãããŸãã
ãã¹ãæžã¿ã
-f | -o ãã°ãã
ãã¡ã€ã«åãã¿ãŒã³ãå±éããªãã§ãã ããã
-h | -o ãã©ãã¯ãªãŒã«
å®è¡ããããã¹ãŠã®ã³ãã³ãã«å¯ŸããŠè¿œè·¡ããããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ãäœæããŸã (ã ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ ãã®äžïŒã æå¹
é察話åã·ã§ã«ã®ããã©ã«ãã
-i | -o çžäºäœçšç
ã·ã§ã«ã¯å¯Ÿè©±åã·ã§ã«ã§ãã ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãã·ã§ã«ã
ãåŒã³åºãããŸãã ãããäœãæå³ãããã«ã€ããŠã¯ãäžèšãåç §ããŠãã ããã
-k | -o ããŒã¯ãŒã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å²ãåœãŠã¯ã³ãã³ãå ã®ã©ãã§ãèªèãããŸãã
-l | -o ãã°ã€ã³
ã·ã§ã«ã¯ãã°ã€ã³ã·ã§ã«ã§ãã ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãã·ã§ã«ã次ã®å Žåã«ã®ã¿äœ¿çšã§ããŸãã
åŒã³åºãããã ãããäœãæå³ãããã«ã€ããŠã¯ãäžèšãåç §ããŠãã ããã
-m | -o ã¢ãã¿ãŒ
ãžã§ãå¶åŸ¡ãæå¹ã«ããŸã (察話åã·ã§ã«ã®ããã©ã«ã)ã
-n | -o noexec
ã³ãã³ãã¯å®è¡ããªãã§ãã ããã ã¹ã¯ãªããã®æ§æããã§ãã¯ããã®ã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸã (ç¡èŠãããŸã)
ã€ã³ã¿ã©ã¯ãã£ãã®å ŽåïŒã
-p | -o ç¹æš©ãæã€
ã·ã§ã«ã¯ç¹æš©ã·ã§ã«ã§ãã ã·ã§ã«ã®å®è¡æã«èªåçã«èšå®ãããŸãã
ãéå§ããããšãå®éã® UID ãŸã㯠GID ãæå¹ãª UID (EUID) ãŸã㯠GID ãšäžèŽããŸããã
(EGID)ãããããã ãããäœãæå³ãããã«ã€ããŠã¯ãäžèšãåç §ããŠãã ããã
-r | -o å¶éãããŸãã
ã·ã§ã«ã¯å¶éä»ãã·ã§ã«ã§ãã ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãã·ã§ã«ã次ã®å Žåã«ã®ã¿äœ¿çšã§ããŸãã
åŒã³åºãããã ãããäœãæå³ãããã«ã€ããŠã¯ãäžèšãåç §ããŠãã ããã
-s | -o stdin
ã·ã§ã«ã®åŒã³åºãæã«äœ¿çšãããšãã³ãã³ãã¯æšæºå ¥åããèªã¿åãããŸãã ã»ãã
ã·ã§ã«ãåŒæ°ãªãã§åŒã³åºãããå Žåã¯èªåçã«å®è¡ãããŸãã
æ¥æ -s ã§äœ¿çšãããŸã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« ã³ãã³ãã«ãããæå®ãããåŒæ°ã次ã®ããã«ãªããŸãã
äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ (ãŸãã¯é å) ã«å²ãåœãŠãåã«ãœãŒããããŸãã åããã
-A 䜿çšãããŠããïŒã
-U | -o utf8 ã¢ãŒã
UTF-8 ãµããŒããæå¹ã«ãã Emacs ç·šé ã¢ãŒã ããã³å éšæåååŠç
æ©èœã ãã®ãã©ã°ã¯ããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ç¡å¹ã§ãããèšå®ããããšã§æå¹ã«ã§ããŸãã
ã·ã§ã«ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³äžã 次ã®å Žåã察話åã·ã§ã«ã«å¯ŸããŠèªåçã«æå¹ã«ãªããŸãã
ã³ã³ãã€ã«æã«ãªã¯ãšã¹ããããã·ã¹ãã ããµããŒããã ãã±ãŒã«ã®èšå®(LC_CTYPE, ""ïŒãš
å¿ èŠã«å¿ã㊠nl_langinfo(ã³ãŒãã»ãã)ããŸã㯠LC_ALLãLC_CTYPEããŸã㯠LANG ç°å¢
å€æ°ã§ããããããã®å°ãªããšã 8 ã€ã¯ãUTF-XNUMXãã«äžèŽãããã®ãè¿ããŸãã
ãutf8ãã§ã¯å€§æåãšå°æåãåºå¥ãããŸããã çŽæ¥ã®çµã¿èŸŒã¿åŒã³åºãã®å Žåã¯ã
åè¿°ã®ç°å¢å€æ°ã ãŸãã¯æšæºå ¥åãŸãã¯ã¹ã¯ãªããã®å Žåãå ¥åã
UTF-8 ãã€ã ãªãŒã㌠ããŒã¯ã§å§ãŸããŸãã
è¿ãå°æ¥ããã±ãŒã«è¿œè·¡ãå®è£ ãããäºå®ã§ããã€ãŸãã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -+U is
POSIX ãã±ãŒã«é¢é£ã®ç°å¢å€æ°ã®ãããããå€æŽããããã³ã«å€æŽãããŸãã
-u | -o åè©ã»ãã
ã$@ããŸãã¯ã$*ã以å€ã®æªèšå®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®åç §ã¯ã
ã-ããã+ãããŸãã¯ã=ã修食åã®ããããã䜿çšãããŠããªãå Žåããšã©ãŒãçºçããŸãã
-v | -o 詳现
ã·ã§ã«å ¥åãèªã¿åã£ããšãã«æšæºãšã©ãŒã«æžã蟌ã¿ãŸãã
-X | -o ããŒã¯ãã£ã¬ã¯ããª
ãã¡ã€ã«åã®çæäžã«ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã®æ«å°Ÿã«ã/ããä»ããŸãã
-x | -o ãã¬ãŒã¹
ã³ãã³ã ããªãŒãå®è¡ããããšãã«ããã®åã« PS4 ã®å€ãä»ããŠã³ãã³ã ããªãŒãåºåããŸãã
-o ãããã§
ããã¯ã°ã©ãŠã³ã ãžã§ãã¯äœãåªå 床ã§å®è¡ãããŸãã
-o ãã¬ãŒã¹ãšãã¹ãã³ã
äžæ¬åŒ§ã®å±é (å¥å代æ¿) ãæå¹ã«ããŸãã ããã¯ããã©ã«ãã§æå¹ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸãã ãã
ç¡å¹ã«ãããšãçå·ã®åŸã®ãã«ãå±éãå¯äœçšãšããŠç¡å¹ã«ãªããŸãã
-o ãšããã¯ã¹
BRL emacs ã®ãããªã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ç·šéãæå¹ã«ããŸã (察話åã·ã§ã«ã®ã¿)ã èŠã Emacs
ç·šé ã¢ãŒã.
-o gmacs
gmacs ã®ãããªã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ç·šéãæå¹ã«ããŸã (察話åã·ã§ã«ã®ã¿)ã çŸåš
transpose-chars (^T) ããããã«åäœããç¹ãé€ããŠãemacs ã®ç·šéãšåãã§ãã
éãã
-o ç¡èŠãã
ãã¡ã€ã«ã®çµãããèªã¿åãããå Žåãã·ã§ã«ã¯ (ç°¡åã«ã¯) çµäºããŸããã çµäºãã 䜿çšããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
ç¡éã«ãŒããé¿ãããããEOF ã 13 åé£ç¶ããŠèªã¿åããããšã·ã§ã«ã¯çµäºããŸãã
-o ç¶æ¿xtrace
ãªã»ããããªãã§ãã ãã -o ãã¬ãŒã¹ é¢æ°ãå ¥åãããšãã ããã¯ããã©ã«ãã§æå¹ã«ãªã£ãŠããŸãã
-o nohup
ãã°ã€ã³ ã·ã§ã«ãçµäºãããšãã«ãå®è¡äžã®ãžã§ãã SIGHUP ã·ã°ãã«ã§åŒ·å¶çµäºããªãã§ãã ããã
çŸåšã¯ããã©ã«ãã§èšå®ãããŠããŸãããäºææ§ã確ä¿ããããã«å°æ¥å€æŽãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸã
AT&T UNIX ã䜿çšããå Žå kshã®ããã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãããŸããããSIGHUP ãéä¿¡ããŸãã
ä¿¡å·ã
-o ããŒãã°
ç¡å¹ã ãªãªãžãã«ã® Korn ã·ã§ã«ã§ã¯ãããã«ããé¢æ°å®çŸ©ã
å±¥æŽãã¡ã€ã«ã«ä¿åãããŸãã
-o ç©ççãª
åå cd & pwd ãç©çãïŒã€ãŸãããã¡ã€ã«ã·ã¹ãã ã®ïŒã..ãã䜿çšããã³ãã³ã
ãè«çããã£ã¬ã¯ããªã®ä»£ããã«ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã䜿çšããŸã (ã€ãŸããã·ã§ã«ã¯ã..ããåŠçããŸãã
ããã«ããããŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªãžã®ã·ã³ããªã㯠ãªã³ã¯ãæèããªããªããŸã)ã ãŸã§ã«ã¯ãªã¢
ããã©ã«ãã ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ããŠããçŸåšã®å€ã«ã¯åœ±é¿ããªãããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
PWDãã©ã¡ãŒã¿; ã ã cd ã³ãã³ãã«ãã PWD ãå€æŽãããŸãã ãåç §ããŠãã ããã cd & pwd ã³ãã³ã
詳现ã«ã€ããŠã¯äžèšãã芧ãã ããã
-o ãã€ãã®å€±æ
ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ïŒè«çè£å®åïŒã
å³ç«¯ã®ãŒã以å€ã®ãšã©ãŒã¬ãã«ããŸãã¯ãã¹ãŠã®ã³ãã³ãããŒãã§çµäºããå Žåã¯ãŒãã
-o POSIX
åºæºã«è¿ãè¡åãããïŒãåç §ïŒ POSIX ã¢ãŒã 詳现ã«ã€ããŠã¯ïŒã èªåçã«
ã·ã§ã«åŒã³åºãã®ããŒã¹åããshãã§å§ãŸãããããããã°æå¹ã«ãªããŸãã
èªåæ€åºæ©èœã¯ (MirBSD ã§ã¯ãªã) ã§ã³ã³ãã€ã«ãããŸãã å¯äœçšãšããŠãèšå®
ãã®ãã©ã°ã¯ãªãã«ãªããŸã ãã¬ãŒã¹ãšãã¹ãã³ã æåã§ãªã³ã«æ»ãããšãã§ããã¢ãŒããããã³
sh ã¢ãŒã (äž¡æ¹ãåæã«æå¹ã«ãªã£ãŠããªãéã)ã
-o sh
æå¹ã«ããŸã /bin/sh (ã¯ã©ããž) ã¢ãŒã (ãåç §) SH ã¢ãŒãïŒã 次ã®å Žåã«èªåçã«æå¹ã«ãªããŸãã
ã·ã§ã«åŒã³åºãã®ããŒã¹åã¯ãshãã§å§ãŸãããã®èªåæ€åºæ©èœã¯
ã§ã³ã³ãã€ã«ãããŸã (MirBSD ã§ã¯ãããŸãã)ã å¯äœçšãšããŠããã®ãã©ã°ãèšå®ãããšãªãã«ãªããŸãã
ãã¬ãŒã¹ãšãã¹ãã³ã æåã§ãªã³ã«æ»ãããšãã§ããã¢ãŒããããã³ POSIX ã¢ãŒãïŒããã§ãªãå ŽåïŒ
äž¡æ¹ãåæã«æå¹ã«ãªããŸã)ã
-o vi
æå¹ã«ããŸã vi(1) ãšåæ§ã®ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ç·šé (察話åã·ã§ã«ã®ã¿)ã èŠã Vi
ç·šé ã¢ãŒã ããã¥ã¡ã³ããšå¶éã«ã€ããŠã
-o vi-esccomplete
vi ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ç·šéã§ã¯ããšã¹ã±ãŒã (^[) æã«ã³ãã³ããšãã¡ã€ã«åã®è£å®ãå®è¡ããŸãã
ã³ãã³ãã¢ãŒãã«å ¥ããŸãã
-o vi-tabcomplete
vi ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ç·šéã§ã¯ãã¿ã (^I) ããªã³ã®ãšãã«ã³ãã³ããšãã¡ã€ã«åã®è£å®ãå®è¡ããŸãã
æ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒãã«å ¥ããŸããã ãããããã©ã«ãã§ãã
-o ãããŒ
ç¡å¹ã ãªãªãžãã«ã® Korn ã·ã§ã«ã§ã¯ã次ã®å Žåãé€ããŸãã ãã㌠èšå®ãããŠããå Žåãvi ã³ãã³ã -
ã©ã€ã³ã¢ãŒãã§ã¯ã TTY(4) ãã©ã€ããŒã¯ãESC (^[) ãå ¥åããããŸã§äœæ¥ãè¡ããŸãã
ã ã¯ã·ã¥ åžžã« viraw ã¢ãŒãã«ãªã£ãŠããŸãã
ãããã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãã·ã§ã«ã®åŒã³åºãæã«ã䜿çšã§ããŸãã çŸåšã®ã»ããã¯ã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ (XNUMX æåã®åå) ã¯ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ '$-' ã«ãããŸãã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -o ã
ãªãã·ã§ã³åãæå®ããªããšããã¹ãŠã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ãšãããããããªã³ããªããããªã¹ããããŸãã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« +o æå¿
çŸåšãªã³ã«ãªã£ãŠãããã¹ãŠã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®é·ãååãåºåããŸãã å°æ¥ã®ããŒãžã§ã³ã§ã¯ã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã«
+o POSIX æºæ ã§åäœããçŸåšã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã埩å ããã³ãã³ããåºåããŸãã
ã代ããã«ã䜿ããã ããã
æ®ãã®åŒæ° (ååšããå Žå) ã¯äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã§ãããé çªã«å²ãåœãŠãããŸãã
äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ ($1ã$2 ãªã©)ã ãªãã·ã§ã³ãã--ãã§çµãã£ãŠããå Žå
æ®ãã®åŒæ°ããªãå Žåããã¹ãŠã®äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãã¯ãªã¢ãããŸãã ãªãã·ã§ã³ããªãå ŽåããŸãã¯
åŒæ°ãæå®ããããšããã¹ãŠã®ååã®å€ãåºåãããŸãã ç¥ããããæŽå²ã«ã€ããŠ
ãã®ãããåç¬ã® '-' ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ç¹å¥ã«æ±ãããäž¡æ¹ã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ãã¯ãªã¢ãããŸãã -v & -x
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã
ã·ãã [æ°]
äœçœ®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ æ°+ 1ã æ°+2 ãªã©ã¯ã1ããã2ããªã©ã«ååãå€æŽãããŸãã
æ° ããã©ã«ãã¯1ã§ãã
ç ã ç§
æå°éã®æéå®è¡ãäžæåæ¢ããŸãã ç§ æ£ã® XNUMX é²æ°å€ãšããŠæå®ããŸã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®å°æ°éšä»ãã ã·ã°ãã«é ä¿¡ã¯ãããæ©ãå®è¡ãç¶ç¶ããå ŽåããããŸãã
source file [arg㯠...]
ããã . (ããããã)ããã ããçŸåšã®äœæ¥ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªãæ€çŽ¢ã«è¿œå ãããç¹ãç°ãªããŸãã
ãã¹ (GNU bash æ¡å€§ïŒã
ãµã¹ãã³ã
端æ«ãããµã¹ãã³ãæåãåãåã£ããã®ããã«ã·ã§ã«ãåæ¢ããŸãã ããã¯
芪ããã»ã¹ããã®ã¡ã³ããŒã§ãªãéãããã°ã€ã³ ã·ã§ã«ãäžæåæ¢ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã
åã端æ«ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã§ãããç°ãªãããã»ã¹ ã°ã«ãŒãã®ã¡ã³ããŒã§ãã äžè¬çã«
ã«ãŒã«ãã·ã§ã«ãå¥ã®ã·ã§ã«ãŸãã¯çµç±ã§éå§ãããå Žå su(1)ã®å Žåã¯ãåæ¢ããããšãã§ããŸãã
test è¡šçŸ
[ è¡šçŸ ]
test è©äŸ¡ããŸã è¡šçŸ true ã®å Žå㯠1 ã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ãè¿ããfalse ã®å Žå㯠XNUMX 以äžã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ãè¿ããŸãã
ãšã©ãŒããã£ãå Žå㯠1 ããã倧ãããªããŸãã éåžžã¯æ¡ä»¶ã³ãã³ããšããŠäœ¿çšããŸãã if &
while çºèšã ã·ã³ããªãã¯ãªã³ã¯ã¯ãã¹ãŠã®ãªã³ã¯ã§ãã©ãããŸã file ãé€ãè¡šçŸ -h &
-L.
次ã®åºæ¬çãªåŒã䜿çšã§ããŸãã
-a file file ååšããŠããŸãã
-b file file ãããã¯ç¹æ®ããã€ã¹ã§ãã
-c file file ãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒå°çšã®ããã€ã¹ã§ãã
-d file file ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã§ãã
-e file file ååšããŠããŸãã
-f file file éåžžã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã§ãã
-G file fileã®ã°ã«ãŒãã¯ã·ã§ã«ã®å®å¹ã°ã«ãŒã ID ã§ãã
-g file fileã®ã¢ãŒãã«ã¯ setgid ããããèšå®ãããŠããŸãã
-H file file ã¯ã³ã³ããã¹ãäŸåã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªã§ã (HP-UX ã§ã®ã¿åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸã)ã
-h file file ã¯ã·ã³ããªãã¯ãªã³ã¯ã§ãã
-k file fileã®ã¢ãŒãã«ã¯ ã¹ãã£ãããŒ(8) ãããã»ããã
-L file file ã¯ã·ã³ããªãã¯ãªã³ã¯ã§ãã
-O file fileã®ææè ã¯ãã·ã§ã«ã®å®å¹ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ ID ã§ãã
-o ãªãã·ã§ã³ ã·ã§ã«ïŒShellïŒ ãªãã·ã§ã³ ãèšå®ãããŠããŸãïŒã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« ã®ãªã¹ãã«ã€ããŠã¯äžèšã®ã³ãã³ãã䜿çšããŠãã ãã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ïŒã éæšæºã®æ¡åŒµåãšããŠããªãã·ã§ã³ã次ã§å§ãŸãå Žåã
ã!ãããã¹ãã¯åŠå®ãããŸãã 次ã®å Žåããã¹ãã¯åžžã«å€±æããŸãã ãªãã·ã§ã³
ååšããŸãã (ãããã£ãŠã [ -o foo -o -o !foo ] ã¯ã次ã®å Žåã«ã®ã¿ true ãè¿ããŸã)
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®å Žå foo ååšããŸãïŒã [ -o ?foo ] ã䜿çšããŠãåãããšãã§ããŸãã
AT&T UNIX ã®ãã㪠ksh93. ãªãã·ã§ã³ ã«ãã£ãŠå°ãããçããã©ã°ã§ããããšãã§ããŸã
'-' ãŸã㯠'+' (è«çåŠå®ãªã)ãããšãã° '-x' ãŸã㯠'+x'
ãxtraceãã®ä»£ããã«ã
-p file file ååä»ããã€ãïŒFIFOïŒã§ãã
-r file file ååšããèªã¿åãå¯èœã§ãã
-S file file ã UNIX(4) - ãã¡ã€ã³ãœã±ããã
-s file file 空ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
-t fd ãã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°å fd ã TTY(4)ããã€ã¹ã
-u file fileã®ã¢ãŒãã«ã¯ setuid ããããèšå®ãããŠããŸãã
-w file file ååšããæžã蟌ã¿å¯èœã§ãã
-x file file ååšããå®è¡å¯èœã§ãã
file1 -nt file2 file1 ããæ°ãã file2 or file1 ååšãã file2 ã§ã¯ãªãã
file1 -ot file2 file1 ããå€ã file2 or file2 ååšãã file1 ã§ã¯ãªãã
file1 -ããã file2 file1 ãšåããã¡ã€ã«ã§ã file2.
æåå æåå ãŒã以å€ã®é·ãããããŸãã
-n æåå æåå 空ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
-z æåå æåå 空ã§ãã
æåå = æåå æååã¯çããã§ãã
æåå == æåå æååã¯çããã§ãã
æåå > æåå æåã®æååãªãã©ã³ãã XNUMX çªç®ã®æååãªãã©ã³ããã倧ããã§ãã
æåå < æåå æåã®æååãªãã©ã³ãã XNUMX çªç®ã®æååãªãã©ã³ãããå°ããã§ãã
æåå != æåå æååãçãããããŸããã
æ° -eq æ° æ°å€ã¯çãããšæ¯èŒãããŸãã
æ° ããªã³ æ° æ°å€ãæ¯èŒãããšçãããããŸããã
æ° -äžãã æ° æ°å€ã¯ä»¥äžãæ¯èŒããŸãã
æ° -gt æ° æ°å€ããã倧ãããšæ¯èŒãããŸãã
æ° -LE æ° æ°å€ã¯ä»¥äžãæ¯èŒããŸãã
æ° -lt æ° æ°å€ã¯æªæºãšæ¯èŒãããŸãã
äžèšã®åºæ¬çãªåŒã§ã¯ãåé æŒç®åãäºé æŒç®åãããåªå ãããŸãã
æŒç®åã¯ã次ã®æŒç®åãšçµã¿åãããããšãã§ããŸã (æé ã«ãªã¹ããããŠããŸã)
åªå ):
expr -o expr è«çåã
expr -a expr è«çç©ã
ïŒ expr è«çåŠå®ã
( expr ) ã°ã«ãŒãåã
æ°å€ã¯å®éã«ã¯ãæ°åŠçãªåŒãªã©ã®ç®è¡åŒã§ããå Žåãããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
çšèªãŸãã¯æŽæ°å€æ°ã®åå:
x=1; [ "x" -eq 1 ] 㯠true ãšè©äŸ¡ãããŸã
ã®æ°ãç°ãªãå Žåãããã€ãã®ç¹å¥ãªã«ãŒã«ãé©çšãããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ãã (POSIX ã®åæã«ãã)ã
åŒæ° test ãŸãã¯æ¬åŒ§å [ ... ] ã XNUMX æªæºã®å Žå: å é ã«ã!ããä»ããŠããå Žå
åŒæ°ãåé€ã㊠XNUMX ïœ XNUMX ã€ã®åŒæ°ã ããæ®ãããšãã§ããŸãã
åŒãäžããããæ¯èŒãå®è¡ãããŸãã (XSI ã«æè¬) æ¬åŒ§ \( ... \) äžXNUMX-ãš
XNUMX ã€ã®åŒæ°ã®åœ¢åŒãã XNUMX ã€ã®åŒæ°ã®åœ¢åŒãããã³ XNUMX ã€ã®åŒæ°ã®åœ¢åŒã«ããããå€æãããŸãã XNUMX ã€ã®åŒæ°
圢åŒã¯æçµçã«äºé æŒç®ã奜ã¿ããã®åŸã«åŠå®ãšæ¬åŒ§ãç¶ããŸãã
äœäž; XNUMX åŒæ°ããã³ XNUMX åŒæ°ã®åœ¢åŒã§ã¯ãæ¬åŒ§ãåŸã«ç¶ãåŠå®ãåªå ããŸãã ã®
åŒæ°ã XNUMX ã€ã®åœ¢åŒã¯åžžã«æ¬¡ã®ããšãæå³ããŸã -n.
Note: ããããééãã¯ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãfooãã®å Žåã«å€±æãããif [ $foo = bar ]ãã䜿çšããããšã§ãã
ã¹ããŒã¹ãåã蟌ãŸããŠããå Žå (ã€ãŸããIFS ãªã¯ããã)ããŸãã¯åé ã®å Žåã¯ãNULL ãŸãã¯æªèšå®ã§ã
ã!ãã®ãããªæŒç®åãŸã㯠'-n'ã 代ããã«ãif [ x"$foo" = x"bar" ]ãã®ãããªãã¹ãã䜿çšãããã
äºéæ¬åŒ§æŒç®åãif [[ $foo = bar ]]ãããŸãã¯ãã¿ãŒã³ ãããã³ã°ãé¿ãããã (ã [[
äž): ãif [[ $foo = "$bar" ]]ã
ã [[ ... ]] ã³ã³ã¹ãã©ã¯ãã¯ããå®å šã«äœ¿çšã§ããã ãã§ãªããå€ãã®å Žåããé«éã§ãã
æé [-p] [ãã€ãã©ã€ã³]
ãã ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ ãäžãããããšããã€ãã©ã€ã³ã®å®è¡ã«èŠããæéãå ±åãããŸãã ãããã®å Žå
ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ãæå®ããã次ã«ã·ã§ã«èªäœã«ãã£ãŠäœ¿çšããããŠãŒã¶ãŒãšã·ã¹ãã æéãããã³ãã¹ãŠãæå®ãããŸãã
èµ·å以æ¥å®è¡ãããã³ãã³ããå ±åãããŸãã å ±åãããæéã¯ã
ãªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã (éå§ããçµäºãŸã§ã®çµéæé)ããŠãŒã¶ãŒã® CPU æé (è²»ãããæé)
ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ ã¢ãŒãã§ã®å®è¡æéïŒãããã³ã·ã¹ãã CPU æéïŒã«ãŒãã« ã¢ãŒãã§ã®å®è¡ã«ããã£ãæéïŒã
æéã¯æšæºãšã©ãŒã«å ±åãããŸãã åºåã®åœ¢åŒã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
0å0.00ç§ ãªã¢ã« 0å0.00ç§ ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ 0å0.00ç§ ã·ã¹ãã
Status -p ãªãã·ã§ã³ãæå®ãããšãåºåããããã«é·ããªããŸãã
å®éã®0.00
ãŠãŒã¶ãŒ0.00
ã·ã¹ãã 0.00
ãæå®ãããšãšã©ãŒã«ãªããŸãã -p ããã§ãªãå Žåã¯ãªãã·ã§ã³ ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ ã¯ç°¡åãªã³ãã³ãã§ãã
æšæºãšã©ãŒã®åçŽãªãªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã¯ã æé ã³ãã³ãïŒ
$ time sleep 1 2>afile
$ { ç¡ç æé 1; } 2>aãã¡ã€ã«
æåã®ã³ãã³ãã®æéã¯ãafileãã«ã¯åæ ãããŸããããXNUMX çªç®ã®ã³ãã³ãã®æéã¯ãafileãã«åæ ãããŸãã
<font style="vertical-align: inherit;">åæ°</font> ã·ã§ã«ãšããã»ã¹ã®äž¡æ¹ã§äœ¿çšããã环ç©ããããŠãŒã¶ãŒæéãšã·ã¹ãã æéãåºåããŸãã
ã·ã§ã«ãéå§ãããçµäºããããšã瀺ããŸãã åºåã®åœ¢åŒã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
0å0.00ç§ 0å0.00ç§
0å0.00ç§ 0å0.00ç§
ãã©ãã n [ä¿¡å· ...]
æåã®ãªãã©ã³ãã XNUMX é²æ°ã®ç¬Šå·ãªãæŽæ°ã®å Žåãæå®ããããã¹ãŠã®ä¿¡å·ããªã»ãããããŸãã
ããã©ã«ãã®ã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã«æ»ããŸããã€ãŸããåŒã³åºããšåãã§ãã ãã©ãã ãã€ãã¹èšå· (ã-ã) ãä»ãããšæ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããŸã
ãã³ãã©ããã®åŸã«åŒæ° (n [ä¿¡å· ...])ããããã¯ãã¹ãŠæ¬¡ã®ããã«æ±ãããŸãã
ä¿¡å·ã
ãã©ãã [ãã³ãã© ä¿¡å· ...]
æå®ãããããããã®å Žåã«å®è¡ããããã©ãã ãã³ãã©ãèšå®ããŸãã ä¿¡å·sã§ã
åãåã£ãã ãã³ãã© ã¯ç©ºã®æååã®ããããã§ãä¿¡å·ã
ç¡èŠããããã€ãã¹èšå· (ã-ã) ã¯ãããã©ã«ãã®ã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãå®è¡ãããããšã瀺ããŸãã
ä¿¡å·ïŒãåç §ïŒ ä¿¡å·(3))ããŸãã¯å®è¡ãããã·ã§ã«ã³ãã³ããå«ãæåå
æåã®æ©äŒ (ã€ãŸããçŸåšã®ã³ãã³ããå®äºãããšãããŸãã¯å°å·ããå)
ããããã®ä¿¡å·ãåä¿¡ããåŸã次㮠PS1 ããã³ããã衚瀺ãããŸãã ä¿¡å· ã®ååã§ã
ä¿¡å· (äŸ: PIPE ãŸã㯠ALRM) ãŸãã¯ä¿¡å·ã®çªå· (ã kill -l command
äžèšïŒã
0 ã€ã®ç¹å¥ãªä¿¡å·ããããŸã: EXIT (XNUMX ãšãåŒã°ãã)ã
ã·ã§ã«ãçµäºããããšããŠããå Žåãããã³ ERR ã¯ãšã©ãŒãçºçããåŸã«å®è¡ãããŸãã ãšã©ãŒã¯
ã·ã§ã«ãçµäºãããäœã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -e or ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -o ãšã©ãŒ ãªãã·ã§ã³
èšå®ãããŠããŸããã EXIT ãã³ãã©ã¯æåŸã«å®è¡ãããç°å¢ã§å®è¡ãããŸãã
é察話åã·ã§ã«ã®å Žåãã·ã°ãã«ã®ãã©ãã ãã³ãã©ãŒãå€æŽã§ããªãããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
ãããã¯ã·ã§ã«ã®èµ·åæã«ç¡èŠãããŸããã
åŒæ°ããªãå Žåãã·ã§ã«ä»¥éã«èšå®ããããã©ããã®çŸåšã®ç¶æ
éå§ãããã¯äžé£ã®ãã®ãšããŠè¡šç€ºãããŸã ãã©ãã ã³ãã³ãã ã®åºåã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã ãã©ãã
å¥ã®ããã»ã¹ã«äŸ¿å©ã«ãã€ãããã (ãã©ãããã¯ãªã¢ããããšããäºå®ã®ææç©)
ãµãããã»ã¹ãäœæããããšã)ã
ãªãªãžãã«ã® Korn ã·ã§ã«ã® DEBUG ãã©ãããšãERR ããã³ EXIT ãã©ããã®åŠç
æ©èœã¯ãŸã å®è£ ãããŠããŸããã
true ãŒãå€ã§çµäºããã³ãã³ãã
å šäœç㪠[[+-alpnrtUux] [-L[n]][-R[n]][-Z[n]][-i[n]] | -f [-ã¿ãã¯ã¹]][å [=å€] ...]
ã¿ã€ãã»ãã [[+-alpnrtUux] [-LRZ[n]][-i[n]] | -f [-ã¿ãã¯ã¹]][å [=å€] ...]
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿å±æ§ã衚瀺ãŸãã¯èšå®ããŸãã ãªã㧠å åŒæ°ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿å±æ§
ã衚瀺ãããŸãã ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšãããªãå Žåããã¹ãŠã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®çŸåšã®å±æ§ã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãªããŸãã
ãšããŠå°å·ããã ã¿ã€ãã»ãã ã³ãã³ãã ãªãã·ã§ã³ãæå®ãããŠããå Žå (ãŸãã¯ãªãã·ã§ã³æåã®ãªãã-ã)ã
æå®ãããå±æ§ãæã€ãã¹ãŠã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãšãã®å€ãåºåãããŸãã ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®å Žå
ã+ãã䜿çšããŠå°å ¥ãããšããã©ã¡ãŒã¿å€ã¯åºåãããŸããã
If å åŒæ°ãæå®ããããšãååä»ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å±æ§ãèšå®ãããŸã (-ïŒãŸãã¯
ã¯ãªã¢æžã¿(+ïŒã ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å€ã¯ãªãã·ã§ã³ã§æå®ã§ããŸãã ã®ããã« å[*]ã
å€æŽã¯é åå šäœã«åœ±é¿ãããããå€ãæå®ããªãããšãã§ããŸãã
If ã¿ã€ãã»ãã é¢æ°å ã§äœ¿çšãããå Žåãæå®ããããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒã¯ãã¹ãŠããŒã«ã©ã€ãºãããŸãã ãã
ãã以å€ã¯åäžã®ãã®ã«ãã£ãŠè¡ãããããã§ã¯ãããŸãã å šäœçãª. NoteïŒ ãã®æå³ã¯ ã ã¯ã·ã¥ 's å šäœçãª
ã³ãã³ã㯠ä»ã®ããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªãšåçã§ãã
çã«ã°ããŒãã« ã¹ã³ãŒãã§ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããããã«å¥ã®é¢æ°ããåŒã³åºãããé¢æ°ã
ãã ããã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããããã®ãããŒã«ã« ã¹ã³ãŒãã«å ¥ããããšã劚ããã ãã§ãã
æ¥æ -f 䜿çšãããŠããã ã¿ã€ãã»ãã é¢æ°ã®å±æ§ãæäœããŸãã åæ§ã«
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒ (ãããã®å Žå) å åŒæ°ãæå®ãããé¢æ°ããã®å€ãšãšãã«ãªã¹ããããŸãã
(ã€ãŸããå®çŸ©) ãªãã·ã§ã³ã '+' ã§å°å ¥ãããŠããå Žåãé€ãããã®å Žåã¯
é¢æ°åãå ±åãããŸãã
-a ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ä»ãé åå±æ§ã
-f ãã¡ã³ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã¢ãŒãã 代ããã«ãé¢æ°ãšãã®å±æ§ã衚瀺ãŸãã¯èšå®ããŸãã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒã
-i[n] æŽæ°å±æ§ã n æŽæ°ã衚瀺ãããšãã«äœ¿çšããåºæ°ãæå®ããŸã
(æå®ããªãå Žåã¯ãæåã®å²ãåœãŠã§æå®ãããå¡©åºã䜿çšãããŸã)ã
ãã®å±æ§ãæã€ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã«ã¯ãç®è¡æŒç®ãå«ãå€ãå²ãåœãŠãããå ŽåããããŸãã
åŒã
-L[n] å·Šå¯ãå±æ§ã n ãã£ãŒã«ãå¹ ãæå®ããŸãã ãã n æå®ãããŠããŸããã
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®çŸåšã®å¹ (ãŸãã¯æåã«å²ãåœãŠãããå€ã®å¹ )
䜿çšãããŠããã å é ã®ç©ºçœ (ããã³ãŒãã䜿çšããå Žå) -Z ãªãã·ã§ã³ïŒã¯
å¥ãåãããã å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠãå€ãåãè©°ãããããããŸãã¯åãŸãããã«ã¹ããŒã¹ãåã蟌ãŸããŸãã
ãã£ãŒã«ãã®å¹ ã
-l å°æåã®å±æ§ã å€å ã®ãã¹ãŠã®å€§æåã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«å€æãããŸãã
å°æåã (å ã® Korn ã·ã§ã«ã§ã¯ããã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ãé·æŽæ°ããæå³ããŠããŸãã)
ãšäžç·ã«äœ¿çšããå Žå -i ãªãã·ã§ã³ãïŒ
-n ãã€ã³ããããå€æ°ã®äœæ (åååç §): å€æ°ãžã®ä»»æã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ å
å€æ°ã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããŸã å€ çŸåšã®ã¹ã³ãŒãå (ããã¯
AT&T UNIX ksh93ïŒïŒ ãã®ä»£ããã AT&T UNIX ãšãç°ãªããŸã ksh93 ã€ãŸã
å€ ãã®æç¹ã§é 延è©äŸ¡ããã å ã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãããŸãã ããã䜿çšã§ããã®ã¯ã
代ããã«ãååããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãšããŠæž¡ãããå€æ°ã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããé¢æ°
䜿çšã® è©äŸ¡ãã.
-p å°å·å®äº ã¿ã€ãã»ãã å±æ§ã®åäœæã«äœ¿çšã§ããã³ãã³ã
ããã³ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å€ã
-R[n] å³å¯ãå±æ§ã n ãã£ãŒã«ãå¹ ãæå®ããŸãã ãã n ã§ã¯ãããŸãã
æå®ããããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®çŸåšã®å¹ (ãŸãã¯æåã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®å¹ )
å²ãåœãŠãããå€) ã䜿çšãããŸãã æ«å°Ÿã®ç©ºçœã¯åé€ãããŸãã å¿ èŠã§ããã°ã
å€ã¯å é ã®æåãåé€ãããããã¹ããŒã¹ãåã蟌ãŸããŠäœæãããŸãã
ãã£ãŒã«ãå¹ ã«åãããŸãã
-r èªã¿åãå°çšå±æ§ã ãã®å±æ§ãæã€ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ã
ãŸãã¯èšå®ã解é€ããŸãã ãã®å±æ§ãèšå®ãããšããªãã«ããããšã¯ã§ããŸããã
-t ã¿ã°å±æ§ã ã·ã§ã«ã«ã¯æå³ããããŸããã ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã§ã®äœ¿çšã®ããã«æäŸãããŠããŸãã
æ©èœã«ã€ããŠã¯ã -t ãã¬ãŒã¹å±æ§ã§ãã ãã¬ãŒã¹æ©èœã䜿çšããå Žå
å±æ§ãå®è¡ããããšã ãã¬ãŒã¹ (-x) ã·ã§ã«ãªãã·ã§ã³ãäžæçã«æå¹ã«ãªããŸã
ã«ã
-U 笊å·ãªãæŽæ°å±æ§ã æŽæ°ã¯ç¬Šå·ãªãã®å€ãšããŠåºåãããŸãïŒçµå
-i ãªãã·ã§ã³ïŒã ãã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãå ã® Korn ã·ã§ã«ã«ã¯ãããŸããã
-u 倧æåã®å±æ§ã å€å ã®ãã¹ãŠã®å°æåã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«å€æãããŸãã
倧æåã (å ã® Korn ã·ã§ã«ã§ã¯ããã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã¯ã眲åãªãããæå³ããŸããã
æŽæ°ããšäžç·ã«äœ¿çšããå Žåã -i 倧æåã䜿çšãããããšãæå³ãããªãã·ã§ã³
10 ãè¶ ããåºæ°ã«ã¯æ±ºããŠäœ¿çšããªãã§ãã ããã -U ãªãã·ã§ã³ãïŒ
æ©èœã«ã€ããŠã¯ã -u ã¯æªå®çŸ©ã®å±æ§ã§ãã èŠã æ©èœ äžèšã®
ãã®ããšã®åœ±é¿ã
-x ãšã¯ã¹ããŒãå±æ§ã ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ (ãŸãã¯é¢æ°) ã¯ã次ã®ç°å¢ã«é 眮ãããŸãã
å®è¡ãããã³ãã³ãã ãšã¯ã¹ããŒããããæ©èœã¯ãŸã å®è£ ãããŠããŸããã
-Z[n] ãŒããã£ã«å±æ§ã ãšçµã¿åãããªããš -Lãããã¯åãã§ã -Ré€ããŸã
ã¹ããŒã¹åã蟌ã¿ã®ä»£ããã«ãŒãåã蟌ã¿ã䜿çšãããŸãã æŽæ°ã®å Žåãæ°å€
ããŒã¹ã®ä»£ããã«ããããå ¥ã£ãŠããŸãã
ã®ããããã -i, -L, -l, -R, -U, -uãŸã㯠-Z ãªãã·ã§ã³ãå€æŽããããã®ä»ã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãã¹ãŠããããå€æŽãããŸã
set ãåãã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ã§æå®ããªãéããã¯ãªã¢ãããŸãã
ulimit [-abccdefHilMmnOPpqrSsTtVvw] [å€]
ããã»ã¹å¶éã衚瀺ãŸãã¯èšå®ããŸãã ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšããªãå Žåããã¡ã€ã« ãµã€ãºã®å¶é (-fïŒã§ããã
æ³å®ã å€æå®ããå Žåã¯ãç®è¡åŒãŸãã¯åèªã®ããããã«ãªããŸãã
ãç¡å¶éãã ãã®å¶éã¯ãã·ã§ã«ãšã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠäœæãããããã»ã¹ã«åœ±é¿ããŸãã
å¶éã課ãããåŸã äžéšã®ã·ã¹ãã ã§ã¯å¶éãèš±å¯ã§ããªãå Žåãããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
èšå®ãããšå¢å ããŸãã ãŸããå©çšå¯èœãªå¶éã®çš®é¡ã¯ã·ã¹ãã ã§ãã
äŸå â äžéšã®ã·ã¹ãã ã«ã¯ã -f éå®ã
-a ãã¹ãŠã®å¶éã衚瀺ããŸãã ãªãéã -H ã䜿çšãããšããœãããªãããã衚瀺ãããŸãã
-B n ãœã±ãã ãããã¡ ãµã€ãºã次ã®ããã«èšå®ããŸãã n ãããã€ãã
-C n ãã£ãã·ã¥ãããã¹ã¬ããã®æ°ã次ã®ããã«èšå®ããŸãã n.
-c n ãµã€ãºå¶éã課ã n ã³ã¢ ãã³ãã®ãµã€ãºã«é¢ãããããã¯ã
-d n ãµã€ãºå¶éã課ã n ããŒã¿é åã®ãµã€ãºã¯ãããã€ãã§ãã
-e n æ倧ã®å¿«é©æ§ã次ã®ããã«èšå®ããŸã n.
-f n ãµã€ãºå¶éã課ã n ã·ã§ã«ãšãã®åã«ãã£ãŠæžã蟌ãŸãããã¡ã€ã«ã®ãããã¯
ããã»ã¹ (ä»»æã®ãµã€ãºã®ãã¡ã€ã«ãèªã¿åãããšãã§ããŸã)ã
-H ããŒã ãªãããã®ã¿ãèšå®ããŸã (ããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ãããŒã ãªããããšãœãã ãªãããã®äž¡æ¹ãèšå®ãããŸã)ã
-i n ä¿çäžã®ã·ã°ãã«ã®æ°ã次ã®ããã«èšå®ããŸãã n.
-l n å¶éã課ã n ããã¯ããã (æç·) ç©çã¡ã¢ãªã®éã®ãããã€ãã
-M n AIO ãã㯠ã¡ã¢ãªã次ã®ããã«èšå®ããŸãã n ãããã€ãã
-m n å¶éã課ã n 䜿çšãããç©çã¡ã¢ãªã®éã¯ãããã€ãã§ãã
-n n å¶éã課ã n äžåºŠã«éãããšãã§ãããã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°åã
-O n AIO æäœã®æ°ã次ã®ããã«èšå®ããŸãã n.
-P n ããã»ã¹ãããã®ã¹ã¬ããæ°ã次ã®ããã«å¶éããŸãã n.
-p n å¶éã課ã n ãŠãŒã¶ãŒããã€ã§ãå®è¡ã§ããããã»ã¹ã
-q n POSIX ã¡ãã»ãŒãž ãã¥ãŒã®ãµã€ãºã次ã®ããã«å¶éããŸãã n ãã€ã
-r n æ倧ãªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã åªå 床ã次ã®ããã«èšå®ããŸãã n.
-S ãœãã ãªãããã®ã¿ãèšå®ããŸã (ããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ãããŒã ãªããããšãœãã ãªãããã®äž¡æ¹ãèšå®ãããŸã)ã
-s n ãµã€ãºå¶éã課ã n ã¹ã¿ãã¯é åã®ãµã€ãºã¯ãããã€ãã§ãã
-T n æéå¶éã課ã n åããã»ã¹ã§äœ¿çšãããå®éã®ç§æ°ã
-t n æéå¶éã課ã n åãŠãŒã¶ãŒã䜿çšãããŠãŒã¶ãŒ ã¢ãŒãã§è²»ãããã CPU ç§æ°
ããã»ã¹ã
-V n Haiku ã® vnode ã¢ãã¿ãŒã®æ°ã次ã®ããã«èšå®ããŸãã n.
-v n å¶éã課ã n ä»®æ³ã¡ã¢ãªã®é (ã¢ãã¬ã¹ç©ºé) ãããã€ã
äžå€ã
-w n å¶éã課ã n 䜿çšãããã¹ã¯ããé åã®éã¯ãããã€ãã§ãã
ã®éã ulimit ã¡ãªã¿ã«ã512ãããã¯ã¯XNUMXãã€ãã§ãã
umask [-S] [mask]
ãã¡ã€ã«æš©éäœæãã¹ã¯ (umask) ã衚瀺ãŸãã¯èšå®ããŸã (ã umask(2))ã ãã -S
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšãããŠããå Žåã衚瀺ãŸãã¯èšå®ããããã¹ã¯ã¯ã·ã³ããªãã¯ã§ãã ãã以å€ã®å Žå㯠XNUMX é²æ°ã§ã
æ°ã
ã·ã³ããªã㯠ãã¹ã¯ã¯ã次ã®ãããªãã®ã§ãã chmod(1)ã 䜿çšãããå Žåããããã¯äœã説æããŸãã
(ãããã®èšå®ãæå³ãã XNUMX é²ãã¹ã¯ãšã¯å¯Ÿç §çã«) ããŒããã·ã§ã³ãå©çšå¯èœã«ããããšãã§ããŸãã
察å¿ãããããã¯ã¯ãªã¢ãããŸã)ã ããšãã°ããug=rwx,o=ãã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«ãã¹ã¯ãèšå®ããŸãã
ãã¡ã€ã«ã¯ãä»è ãã«ããèªã¿åããæžã蟌ã¿ããŸãã¯å®è¡ãäžå¯èœã§ãããåçã§ã
(ã»ãšãã©ã®ã·ã¹ãã ã§ã¯) 007 é²ãã¹ã¯ãXNUMXãã«å€æãããŸãã
ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ [-adt] [å ...]
æå®ãããååã®ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ãåé€ãããŸãã ãã -a ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšãããŠããå Žåããã¹ãŠã®ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹
ãåé€ãããŸãã ãã -t or -d ãªãã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšããããšãæå®ãããæäœãå®è¡ãããŸã
ããããã远跡ããããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ãŸãã¯ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã«åºåãããŸãã
unset [-F V] ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒ ...
ååä»ããã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã®èšå®ã解é€ããŸã (-vãããã©ã«ã) ãŸãã¯é¢æ° (-fïŒ ãã ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãŒ[*]ã
å±æ§ã¯ä¿æãããå€ã®ã¿ãèšå®è§£é€ãããŸãã
ããããã®ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ãèªã¿åãå°çšå±æ§ãæã€å Žåãçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ãŒã以å€ã«ãªããŸãã
ã»ããããã以å€ã®å Žåã¯ãŒãã
wait [ãžã§ã ...]
æå®ãããžã§ããå®äºãããŸã§åŸ ã¡ãŸãã ã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ wait ããã¯æåŸã®ãã®ã§ã
æå®ããããžã§ãã æåŸã®ãžã§ããã·ã°ãã«ã«ãã£ãŠåŒ·å¶çµäºãããå Žåãçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã¯ 128 +
ä¿¡å·ã®çªå· (ã kill -l çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ ãã®äžïŒ; æåŸã«æå®ãããžã§ããå®è¡ã§ããªãå Žå
èŠã€ãããªã (ååšããªããããã§ã«çµäºããŠãããã)ãçµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ wait
㯠127 ã§ããåç § ãžã§ã ã³ã³ãããŒã« ã®åœ¢åŒã«ã€ããŠã¯ä»¥äžãåç §ããŠãã ãã ãžã§ã. wait ä¿¡å·ãããã°æ»ããŸã
ãã©ãããèšå®ãããŠããä¿¡å·ãåä¿¡ããå ŽåããŸã㯠SIGHUPãSIGINTããŸã㯠SIGQUIT ã·ã°ãã«ãåä¿¡ããå Žå
ãåä¿¡ãããã
ãžã§ããæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ã wait çŸåšå®è¡äžã®ãã¹ãŠã®ãžã§ã (ååšããå Žå) ãå®äºãããŸã§åŸ æ©ããŸãã
çµäºããã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ XNUMX ã§çµäºããŸãã ãžã§ãç£èŠãæå¹ãªå Žåãå®äº
ãžã§ãã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ãåºåãããŸã (ãžã§ããæ瀺çã«æå®ãããŠããå Žåã¯ãã®éãã§ã¯ãããŸãã)ã
ã©ããã [-pv] [å ...]
ãªã -v ãªãã·ã§ã³ãšåãã§ã command -vãã ãããšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã¯åºåãããŸããã
ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã³ãã³ããšããŠã ãšãšãã« -v ãªãã·ã§ã³ãããã¯ãŸã£ããåãã§ã command -Vã ã«
ãããã®å Žåãã -p ãªãã·ã§ã³ãç°ãªããŸã: æ€çŽ¢ãã¹ã¯åœ±é¿ãåããŸãã ã©ãããã ã ãã©
æ€çŽ¢ã¯ãã¹ã«éå®ãããŸãã
ãžã§ã ã³ã³ãããŒã«
ãžã§ãå¶åŸ¡ãšã¯ãããã»ã¹ãŸãã¯ãžã§ãã§ãããžã§ããç£èŠããã³å¶åŸ¡ããã·ã§ã«ã®æ©èœãæããŸãã
ã³ãã³ããŸãã¯ãã€ãã©ã€ã³çšã«äœæãããããã»ã¹ã®ã°ã«ãŒãã å°ãªããšããã·ã§ã«ã¯è¿œè·¡ããŸãã
çŸåšååšããããã¯ã°ã©ãŠã³ã (ã€ãŸããéåæ) ãžã§ãã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã ãã
æ å ±ã¯ã jobs ã³ãã³ãã ãžã§ãå¶åŸ¡ãå®å šã«æå¹ã«ãªã£ãŠããå Žå
ïŒäœ¿çš ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -m or ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -o ã¢ãã¿ãŒ)ã察話åã·ã§ã«ã®å Žåãšåæ§ããžã§ãã®ããã»ã¹
ç¬èªã®ããã»ã¹ ã°ã«ãŒãã«é 眮ãããŸãã ãã©ã¢ã°ã©ãŠã³ã ãžã§ãã¯ãäžæåæ¢ããŒãå ¥åããããšã§åæ¢ã§ããŸãã
端æ«ããæå (é垞㯠^Z) ãå ¥åãããšããžã§ãã¯ãã©ã¢ã°ã©ãŠã³ããŸãã¯ãã©ã¢ã°ã©ãŠã³ãã§åéã§ããŸãã
ã䜿çšããèæ¯ fg & bg ã³ãã³ããå®è¡ãããšã端æ«ã®ç¶æ ãä¿åãŸãã¯åŸ©å ãããŸãã
ãããããã©ã¢ã°ã©ãŠã³ã ãžã§ããåæ¢ãŸãã¯åéããããšãã
ããã»ã¹ãäœæããã³ãã³ãã®ã¿ã«æ³šæããŠãã ãã (éåæã³ãã³ãããµãã·ã§ã«ãªã©)
ã³ãã³ããããã³éçµã¿èŸŒã¿ãéæ©èœã³ãã³ãïŒãåæ¢ã§ããŸãã ã®ãããªã³ãã³ã read
ããã
ãžã§ããäœæããããšããžã§ãçªå·ãå²ãåœãŠãããŸãã 察話åã·ã§ã«ã®å Žåããã®æ°å€ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
ã[..]ãå ã«åºåããããã®åŸã«ãžã§ãå ã®ããã»ã¹ã®ããã»ã¹ ID ãç¶ããŸãã
éåæã³ãã³ããå®è¡ãããŸãã ãžã§ãã¯ã bg, fg, jobs, kill, wait
ã³ãã³ãã¯ãã³ãã³ã ãã€ãã©ã€ã³ã®æåŸã®ããã»ã¹ã®ããã»ã¹ ID (
ã $! ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ïŒã䜿çšãããããžã§ãçªå·ã®åã«ããŒã»ã³ãèšå·ïŒã%ãïŒãä»ããŸãã ãã®ä»ã®ããŒã»ã³ã
ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã¯ãžã§ããåç §ããããã«ã䜿çšã§ããŸãã
%+ | %% | % æåŸã«åæ¢ãããžã§ãããŸãã¯åæ¢ãããžã§ãããªãå Žåã¯æãå€ããžã§ã
å®è¡äžã®ãžã§ãã
%- ãšãªããžã§ã %+ åŸè ãååšããªãã£ãå Žåã®ãžã§ãã
%n ãžã§ãçªå·ã®ãžã§ã n.
%?æåå æååãå«ãã³ãã³ããå«ããžã§ã æåå (次ã®å Žåã¯ãšã©ãŒãçºçããŸã)
è€æ°ã®ãžã§ããäžèŽããŸã)ã
%æåå æååã§å§ãŸãã³ãã³ããå«ããžã§ã æåå (次ã®å Žåã¯ãšã©ãŒãçºçããŸã)
è€æ°ã®ãžã§ããäžèŽããŸã)ã
ãžã§ãã®ç¶æ ãå€åãããš (ããšãã°ãããã¯ã°ã©ãŠã³ã ãžã§ããçµäºãããããã©ã¢ã°ã©ãŠã³ã ãžã§ããåæ¢ããã)ã
ã·ã§ã«ã¯æ¬¡ã®ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹æ å ±ãåºåããŸãã
[æ°] ãã©ã° status command
ã©ã ...
æ° ãžã§ãã®ãžã§ãçªå·ã§ãã
ãã©ã° ãžã§ãã %+ or %- ããããä»äºããŸãã¯ã¹ããŒã¹
ã©ã¡ãã§ããªãå Žåã
status ãžã§ãã®çŸåšã®ç¶æ ã瀺ããŸãã次ã®ããšãèããããŸãã
çµãã [æ°]
ãžã§ãã¯çµäºããŸããã æ° çç¥ããããžã§ãã®çµäºã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ã§ãã
ã¹ããŒã¿ã¹ããŒãã®å Žåã
å®è¡äž ãžã§ãã¯åæ¢ãçµäºãããŠããŸãã (å®è¡äžã§ã¯ãªãããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ãã)
å¿ ç¶çã« CPU æéãæ¶è²»ããããšã«ãªããŸã â ããã»ã¹ããããã¯ãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸã
äœããã®ã€ãã³ããåŸ ã£ãŠããŸã)ã
åæ¢ [ä¿¡å·]
ãžã§ãã¯ç€ºãããçç±ã§åæ¢ãããŸãã ä¿¡å· (ä¿¡å·ãäžããããªãå Žåã
ãžã§ã㯠SIGTSTP ã«ãã£ãŠåæ¢ãããŸãã)ã
ä¿¡å·ã®èª¬æ [ãã³ã¢ãã³ãã]
ãžã§ãã¯ã·ã°ãã« (ã¡ã¢ãªé害ããã³ã°ã¢ãããªã©) ã«ãã£ãŠåŒ·å¶çµäºãããŸããã äœ¿çš kill -l
ä¿¡å·ã®èª¬æã®ãªã¹ããåç §ããŠãã ããã ãã³ã¢ãã³ããã¡ãã»ãŒãžã¯æ¬¡ã®ããšã瀺ããŸãã
ããã»ã¹ã«ããã³ã¢ ãã¡ã€ã«ãäœæãããŸããã
command ããã»ã¹ãäœæããã³ãã³ãã§ãã è€æ°ã®ããã»ã¹ãããå Žåã
ãžã§ãã§ã¯ãåããã»ã¹ã«ãã®ããã»ã¹ã瀺ãè¡ã衚瀺ãããŸãã command ãããŠãããããã® statusããã
åå·¥çšã®ç¶æ ãšã¯ç°ãªããŸãã
åæ¢ç¶æ ã®ãžã§ãããããšãã«ã·ã§ã«ãçµäºããããšãããšã
ã·ã§ã«ã¯åæ¢ãããžã§ããããããšããŠãŒã¶ãŒã«èŠåããçµäºããŸããã å¥ã®è©Šã¿ããã£ãå Žå
ã·ã§ã«ãçŽã¡ã«çµäºãããšãåæ¢ãããžã§ãã«ã¯ SIGHUP ã·ã°ãã«ãéä¿¡ãããã·ã§ã«ã
åºãã åæ§ã«ã nohup ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããããè©Šè¡æã«å®è¡äžã®ãžã§ããååšããŸãã
ãã°ã€ã³ã·ã§ã«ãçµäºããããã«äœãããŠããå Žåãã·ã§ã«ã¯ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã«èŠåãåºããçµäºããŸããã å¥ã®å Žå
ããã«ã·ã§ã«ãçµäºããããšãããšãå®è¡äžã®ãžã§ãã« SIGHUP ã·ã°ãã«ãéä¿¡ããã
ã·ã§ã«ãçµäºããŸãã
POSIX ã¢ãŒã
å ¥åããŸã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -o POSIX ã¢ãŒããåå 㧠ã ã¯ã·ã¥ å Žæã«ãã£ãŠã¯ããã« POSIX æºæ ã«åäœããããã«ãã
ããã©ã«ããæèŠãç°ãªãå Žåã ãäºæ¿ãã ãã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ æªçœ²åã§ãåŒãç¶ãåäœããŸã
32 ãããæŒç®ã äœ¿çš ã«ã¯ã·ã¥ ãã¹ãäžã§æŒç®ãè¡ãå Žå é·ã ISO C ãåããããŒã¿å
æªå®çŸ©ã®åäœã¯å¿ é ã§ãã ãåç §ããŠãã ãã ã«ã¯ã·ã¥(1) 詳现ã¯ããã¥ã¢ã«ããŒãžã ãã®ä»ã»ãšãã©ã®
æŽå²çãªãAT&T UNIX kshã®-äºææ§ã®ããããŸãã¯ç¬èªã®éãã¯ãããã䜿çšããŠç¡å¹ã«ããããšãã§ããŸã
ã¢ãŒã; ãããã¯ïŒ
· GNU bash I/Oãªãã€ã¬ã¯ã &>file ã¯ãµããŒããããªããªããŸããã
· I/O ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã«ãã£ãŠäœæããããã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°åã¯ãåããã»ã¹ã«ç¶æ¿ãããŸãã
· å é ã®æ°åã XNUMX ã®æ°å€ã¯ XNUMX é²æ°ãšããŠè§£éãããŸãã
· ã echo çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã¯ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ã解éãããæ£ç¢ºãªãªãã·ã§ã³ã®ã¿ããµããŒãããŸãã-n"ã
· ... (ãªã¹ãã¯äžå®å šãªã®ã§ãR53 ã§ã¯å€æŽãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸã)
SH ã¢ãŒã
äºæã¢ãŒã; ç°¡åã«ä¿®æ£ã§ããªãã¬ã¬ã·ãŒ ã¹ã¯ãªããã§ã®äœ¿çšãç®çãšããŠããŸãã ã®
å€æŽç¹ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãšããã§ãã
· GNU bash I/Oãªãã€ã¬ã¯ã &>file ã¯ãµããŒããããªããªããŸããã
· I/O ãªãã€ã¬ã¯ãã«ãã£ãŠäœæããããã¡ã€ã«èšè¿°åã¯ãåããã»ã¹ã«ç¶æ¿ãããŸãã
· ã echo çµã¿èŸŒã¿ã¯ããã¯ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ã解éãããæ£ç¢ºãªãªãã·ã§ã³ã®ã¿ããµããŒãããŸãã-n"ã
· ... (ãªã¹ãã¯äžå®å šãªã®ã§ãR53 ã§ã¯å€æŽãããå¯èœæ§ããããŸã)
察話 ã©ã€ã³ ç·šé
ã·ã§ã«ã¯ãã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ãèªã¿åã XNUMX ã€ã®ã¢ãŒãããµããŒãããŠããŸãã TTY(4) ã€ã³ã¿ã©ã¯ãã£ããªåœ¢åŒã§
ã»ãã·ã§ã³ãã«ãã£ãŠå¶åŸ¡ããã ãšããã¯ã¹, gmacs, vi ãªãã·ã§ã³ (ãããã®ãã¡æ倧 XNUMX ã€ãèšå®ã§ããŸã)
äžåºŠïŒã ããã©ã«ã㯠ãšããã¯ã¹ã ç·šéã¢ãŒãã¯ã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« å èµããŠããŸãã
ãããã®ãªãã·ã§ã³ãã©ããæå¹ã«ãªã£ãŠããªãå Žåãã·ã§ã«ã¯éåžžã®ã¡ãœããã䜿çšããŠè¡ãèªã¿åãã ãã§ãã TTY(4)
é転è ã ãã ãšããã¯ã¹ or gmacs ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããå Žåãã·ã§ã«ã¯ emacs ã®ãããªç·šéãå¯èœã«ããŸãã
æ瀺; åæ§ã«ã vi ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠãããšãã·ã§ã«ã§ vi ã®ããã«ç·šéã§ããããã«ãªããŸãã
æ瀺ã ãããã®ã¢ãŒãã«ã€ããŠã¯ã次ã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§è©³ãã説æããŸãã
ãããã®ç·šéã¢ãŒãã§ã¯ãè¡ãç»é¢ã®å¹ ããé·ãå Žå (ãåããåç §)
ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿)ãã>ããã+ãããŸãã¯ã<ãæåãæåŸã®åã«è¡šç€ºãããããã瀺ããŸã
çŸåšã®äœçœ®ã®ååŸããŸãã¯åã«ããã«æåããããŸãã
ããããã å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠè¡ãæ°Žå¹³æ¹åã«ã¹ã¯ããŒã«ãããŸãã
å®äºããè¡ã¯ãIFS ãªã¯ããããŸã㯠IFS ã§å§ãŸããªãéããå±¥æŽã«ããã·ã¥ãããŸãã
空çœããŸãã¯åã®è¡ãšåãã§ãã
Emacs ç·šé ã¢ãŒã
æ ãšããã¯ã¹ ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããå Žåã察話åã®å ¥åè¡ç·šéãæå¹ã«ãªããŸãã èŠå: ãã®ã¢ãŒã
å ã® Korn ã·ã§ã«ã® emacs ã¢ãŒããšã¯å°ãç°ãªããŸãã ãã®ã¢ãŒãã§ã¯ãããŸããŸãª
ç·šéã³ãã³ã (é垞㯠XNUMX ã€ä»¥äžã®å¶åŸ¡æåã«ãã€ã³ããããŠãã) ã«ããå³æã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãçºçããŸã
æ¹è¡ãåŸ ããã«ã ããã€ãã®ç·šéã³ãã³ãã¯ç¹å®ã®ã³ã³ãããŒã«ã«ãã€ã³ããããŠããŸã
ã·ã§ã«ãåŒã³åºããããšãã®æåã ãããã®ãã€ã³ãã£ã³ã°ã¯ã ãã€ã³ã
以äžã¯ã䜿çšå¯èœãªç·šéã³ãã³ãã®ãªã¹ãã§ãã ããããã®èª¬æã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«å§ãŸããŸãã
ã³ãã³ãã®ååãæ¥å°ŸèŸã¯ã³ãã³ã§ãã [n] (ã³ãã³ãã®å é ã«
ã«ãŠã³ãïŒ; ããã³ã³ãã³ããããã©ã«ãã§ãã€ã³ããããŠããããŒã¯ããã£ã¬ããè¡šèšã䜿çšããŠèšè¿°ãããŸãã
ASCII ESC æå㯠^[ ãšããŠèšè¿°ãããŸãã ãããã®å¶åŸ¡ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã¯å€§æåãšå°æåãåºå¥ããŸããã
ã³ãã³ãã® count ãã¬ãã£ãã¯ã¹ã¯ãã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ ^[ ã䜿çšããŠå ¥åããŸããnããã§ã n 㯠1 ã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã§ã
ãŸãã¯ãã以äžã®æ¡ã ç¹ã«æå®ããªãéããã«ãŠã³ããçç¥ãããšããã©ã«ãã® 1 ã«ãªããŸãã
ç·šéã³ãã³ãåã¯ã ãã€ã³ã æ瀺ã ããã«ãå€ãã®
ç·šéã³ãã³ãã¯ãã«ãŒãœã«ã衚瀺ãããŠãã端æ«ã§ã®ã¿åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã ããã©ã«ãã®ãã€ã³ãã£ã³ã°
察å¿ãã Emacs ã㌠ãã€ã³ãã£ã³ã°ã«äŒŒãããã«éžæãããŸããã ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã® TTY(4) ãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒ
(ERASE ãªã©) ã¯é©åãªçœ®æã«ãã€ã³ããããããã©ã«ãã®ãã€ã³ãã£ã³ã°ããªãŒããŒã©ã€ãããŸãã
äžæ¢: ^Cã^G
çŸåšã®ã³ãã³ããäžæ¢ããè¡ãããã¡ã空ã«ããçµäºç¶æ ã次ã®ããã«èšå®ããŸãã
äžæããã
èªåæ¿å ¥: [n]
åã«æåããªãã©ã«å ¥åãšããŠè¡šç€ºããŸãã æãæ®éã®ãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒ
ããã«ææãããŸãã
åŸæ¹æå: [n] ^Bã^XDãANSI-CurLeftãPC-CurLeft
ã«ãŒãœã«ãåŸæ¹ã«ç§»åããŸã n æåã
éæ¹åã®åèª: [n] ^[bãANSI-Ctrl-CurLeftãANSI-Alt-CurLeft
ã«ãŒãœã«ãåèªã®å é ãŸã§åŸæ¹ã«ç§»åããŸãã èšèã¯æ¬¡ããæ§æãããŸã
è±æ°åãã¢ã³ããŒã¹ã³ã¢ ('_')ãããã³ãã«èšå· ('$') æåã
æŽå²ã®å§ãŸã: ^[
å±¥æŽã®å é ã«ç§»åããŸãã
è¡é : ^AãANSI-HomeãPC-Home
ç·šéããå ¥åè¡ã®å é ã«ã«ãŒãœã«ã移åããŸãã
倧æåã®åèª: [n] ^[C, ^[c
次ã®æåã®æåã®æåã倧æåã«ãã n åèªãã«ãŒãœã«ãæ«å°Ÿãè¶ ãããŸãŸã«ããŠãããŸã
æåŸã®èšèã®ã
ã¯ãªã¢ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³: ^[^L
ã³ã³ãã€ã«æã«èšå®å¯èœãªã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ãåºåããŠãç»é¢ãã¯ãªã¢ããŠã«ãŒãœã«ãããŒã ã«ç§»åããŸãã
ããã³ããå šäœãšçŸåšç·šéãããŠããå ¥åè¡ãåæç»ããŸãã ããã©ã«ãã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹
ã»ãŒãã¹ãŠã®æšæºç«¯æ«ã§åäœããŸãã
ã³ã¡ã³ã: ^[#
çŸåšã®è¡ãã³ã¡ã³ãæåã§å§ãŸã£ãŠããªãå Žåã¯ãè¡ã®å é ã«ã³ã¡ã³ãæåãè¿œå ãããŸãã
è¡ã®å é ã«æ»ãããã®è¡ãå ¥åãããŸã (Return ããŒãæŒããããã®ããã«)ã
ãã以å€ã®å Žåãæ¢åã®ã³ã¡ã³ãæåãåé€ãããã«ãŒãœã«ã次ã®äœçœ®ã«çœ®ãããŸãã
è¡ã®å é ã
å®äº: ^[^[
ã³ãã³ãåãŸãã¯ãã¡ã€ã«åãäžæã§ããéãèªåè£å®
ã«ãŒãœã«ãå«ãã æ®ãã®ã³ãã³ãå šäœãŸãã¯ãã¡ã€ã«åãäžæã§ããå Žåã
ã¹ããŒã¹ã¯ããã£ã¬ã¯ããªåã§ããå Žåãé€ããå®äºåŸã«åºåãããŸãã
ã/ããä»å ãããŸãã çŸåšã®éšååèªãå«ãã³ãã³ããŸãã¯ãã¡ã€ã«åããªãå Žå
ãã¬ãã£ãã¯ã¹ãšããŠãã«æåãåºåãããŸã (éåžžã¯ããŒãé³ã鳎ããŸã)ã
å®å šãªã³ãã³ã: ^X^[
éšåçãªã³ãã³ãåãäžæã§ããéãèªåçã«è£å®ãããŸãã
次ã®ããã«ãã«ãŒãœã«ãŸã§ã®åèªãæ¥é èŸãšããŠäœ¿çšããŸãã ã³ã³ããªãŒã äžèšã®ã³ãã³ãã
å®å šãªãã¡ã€ã«: ^[^X
éšåçãªãã¡ã€ã«åãäžæã§ããéãèªåçã«è£å®ãããŸãã
次ã®ããã«ãã«ãŒãœã«ãŸã§ã®åèªãæ¥é èŸãšããŠäœ¿çšããŸãã ã³ã³ããªãŒã äžã§èª¬æããã³ãã³ãã
å®å šãªãªã¹ã: ^Iã^[=
çŸåšã®åèªãå¯èœãªéãå®æãããèããããåèªããªã¹ãã¢ããããŸã
ããã«å¯Ÿããå®æåã è£å®ã XNUMX ã€ã ãå¯èœãªå Žåã¯ã次ã®ããã«äžèŽããŸãã ã³ã³ããªãŒã
äžèšã®ã³ãã³ãã ^I ã¯éåžžãTAB (ã¿ãã¬ãŒã¿) ããŒã«ãã£ãŠçæãããããšã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
åé€æåããã¯ã¯ãŒã: [n] æ¶å»ã^?ã^H
åé€ n ã«ãŒãœã«ã®åã®æåã
åé€æå転é: [n] ANSI-DelãPC-Del
åé€ n ã«ãŒãœã«ã®åŸã®æåã
åèªåŸæ¹åé€: [n] ãŠã§ã©ã»ã^[^?ã^[^Hã^[h
åé€ n ã«ãŒãœã«ã®åã®åèªã
åé€ã¯ãŒã転é: [n] ^[d
ã«ãŒãœã«ä»¥éã®æåãæ«å°ŸãŸã§åé€ããŸãã n èšèã
ããŠã³å±¥æŽ: [n] ^Nã^XBãANSI-CurDownãPC-CurDown
å±¥æŽãããã¡ãåæ¹ã«ã¹ã¯ããŒã«ããŸã n è¡ïŒåŸã§ïŒã åå ¥åè¡ã¯å ã
å±¥æŽãããã¡ã®æåŸã®ãšã³ããªã®çŽåŸããéå§ãããããã ããŠã³ãã¹ããªãŒ ã§ã¯ãããŸãã
ã©ã¡ãããŸã§åœ¹ã«ç«ã€ æ€çŽ¢å±¥æŽ, æ€çŽ¢å±¥æŽã¢ãã or ã¢ãããã¹ããªãŒ ãããŠããŸã
å®è¡ãããŸããã
å°æåã®åèª: [n] ^[Lã^[l
次ãå°æåã«ãã n èšèã
ç·šéè¡: [n] ^Xe
è¡ã®ç·šé n ãŸãã¯ãæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯çŸåšã®è¡ã察話çã«å®è¡ããŸãã å®éã®
å®è¡ãããã³ãã³ã㯠fc -e ${ããžã¥ã¢ã«:-${ãšãã£ã¿ãŒ:-vi}} n.
æŽå²ã®çµãã: ^[>
å±¥æŽã®æåŸã«ç§»åããŸãã
è¡æ«: ^EãANSI-EndãPC-End
ã«ãŒãœã«ãå ¥åè¡ã®æ«å°Ÿã«ç§»åããŸãã
ããš:^_
ãã¡ã€ã«ã®çµãããšããŠæ©èœããŸãã ç·šéã¢ãŒãå ¥åã§ã¯éåžžã®å ¥åãç¡å¹ã«ãªããããããã¯äŸ¿å©ã§ãã
端æ«å ¥åã®æ£èŠåã
eot-or-delete: [n] ^D
ãšããŠæ©èœããŸã ãã£ãš åã«äžäººã§ããå Žåã ãã以å€ã®å Žåã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«æ©èœããŸã åé€æå転é.
ãšã©ãŒ: (ãã€ã³ããããŠããŸãã)
ãšã©ãŒïŒãã«ã鳎ãããŠãã ããïŒã
ãã€ã³ãã¢ã³ãããŒã¯ã®äº€æ: ^X^X
ããŒã¯ã®äœçœ®ã«ã«ãŒãœã«ã眮ããã«ãŒãœã«ããã£ãäœçœ®ã«ããŒã¯ãèšå®ããŸãã
å±éãã¡ã€ã«: ^[*
çŸåšã®åèªã«ã*ããè¿œå ãããã®åèªã次ã®çµæã§çœ®ãæããŸãã
Word ã§ãã¡ã€ã«ã®ã°ããã³ã°ãå®è¡ããŸãã ãã¿ãŒã³ã«äžèŽãããã¡ã€ã«ããªãå Žåã¯ããã«ã鳎ããŸãã
ã©ã³ã°ã
åæ¹æå: [n] ^Fã^XCãANSI-CurRightãPC-CurRight
ã«ãŒãœã«ãåã«ç§»åããŸã n æåã
åæ¹åèª: [n] ^[fãANSI-Ctrl-CurRightãANSI-Alt-CurRight
ã«ãŒãœã«ãåæ¹ã®æ«å°ŸãŸã§ç§»åããŸãã nèšèã
goto-history: [n] ^[g
å±¥æŽçªå·ã«ç§»åããŸã n.
ãã«ã©ã€ã³: KILL
å ¥åè¡å šäœãåé€ããŸãã
ãã«é å: ^W
ã«ãŒãœã«ãšããŒã¯ã®éã®å ¥åãåé€ããŸãã
ãã«ãã¥ãšãªã«: [n] ^K
次ã®å Žåãã«ãŒãœã«ããè¡æ«ãŸã§ã®å ¥åãåé€ããŸãã n ã¯æå®ãããŠããŸããã
ãã以å€ã®å Žåã¯ãã«ãŒãœã«ãšåã®éã®æåãåé€ããŸã n.
ãªã¹ã: ^[?
ã³ãã³ãåãŸãã¯ãã¡ã€ã«å (ååšããå Žå) ã®ãœãŒããããåãªã¹ããåºåããŸãã
ã«ãŒãœã«ãå«ãåèªã®äžéšãå®æãããŸãã ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªåã«ã¯ã/ããè¿œå ãããŸã
圌ããžã
ãªã¹ãã³ãã³ã: ^X?
ã³ãã³ãå (ååšããå Žå) ã®ãœãŒããããåå¥ãªã¹ããåºåããŸãã
ã«ãŒãœã«ãå«ãåèªã®äžéšã
ãªã¹ããã¡ã€ã«: ^X^Y
ãã¡ã€ã«å (ååšããå Žå) ã䞊ã¹æ¿ããŠååãããªã¹ããåºåããŸãã
ã«ãŒãœã«ãå«ãåèªã®äžéšã ãã¡ã€ã«ã¿ã€ãã€ã³ãžã±ãŒã¿ãŒã¯èª¬æã©ããã«è¿œå ãããŸã
äž ãªã¹ã äžèšã
æ¹è¡: ^Jã^M
çŸåšã®å ¥åè¡ãã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠåŠçãããŸãã çŸåšã®ã«ãŒãœã«
äœçœ®ã¯è¡äžã®ã©ãã§ãæ§ããŸããã
æ¹è¡ãšæ¬¡: ^O
çŸåšã®å ¥åè¡ãã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠåŠçããã次ã®è¡ãã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠåŠçãããŸãã
å±¥æŽãçŸåšã®è¡ã«ãªããŸãã ããã¯ã ã¢ãããã¹ããªãŒ,
æ€çŽ¢å±¥æŽ or æ€çŽ¢å±¥æŽã¢ãã.
ããŒãªã: çµäº
ããã§ã¯äœãèµ·ãããŸããã
æ¥é èŸ-1: ^[
2 æåã®ã³ãã³ã ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ãå°å ¥ããŸãã
æ¥é èŸ 2: ^Xã^[[ã^[O
2 æåã®ã³ãã³ã ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ãå°å ¥ããŸãã
åã®åèª: [n] ^[., ^[_
æåŸã®èšèããŸãã¯äžããããå Žåã¯ã nåã®åèª (ç¹°ãè¿ãã®å Žå) ã® (XNUMX ããå§ãŸã) çªç®ã®åèª
å®è¡ãæåŸãã XNUMX çªç®ãæåŸãã XNUMX çªç®ãªã©) ã³ãã³ããã«ãŒãœã«äœçœ®ã«æ¿å ¥ãããŸãã ã®äœ¿çš
ãã®ç·šéã³ãã³ãã¯ããŒã¯ãç Žæ£ããŸãã
åŒçš: ^^, ^V
次ã®æåã¯ãç·šéã³ãã³ããšããŠã§ã¯ãªãæåéãã«è§£éãããŸãã
åæç»: ^L
ããã³ããæååã®æåŸã®è¡ãšçŸåšã®å ¥åè¡ãæ°ãããã¡ã€ã«ã«ååºåããŸãã
ã©ã€ã³ã
æ€çŽ¢æååŸæ¹: [n] ^[^]
çŸåšã®è¡ãéæ¹åã«æ€çŽ¢ããŠã n次ã®æåãåºçŸããåæ°
å ¥åããŸããã
æ€çŽ¢æåéã: [n]^]
çŸåšã®è¡ãåæ¹ã«æ€çŽ¢ããŠã n次ã®æåãåºçŸããåæ°
å ¥åããŸããã
æ€çŽ¢å±¥æŽ: ^R
ã€ã³ã¯ãªã¡ã³ã¿ã«æ€çŽ¢ã¢ãŒãã«å ¥ããŸãã å éšå±¥æŽãªã¹ããéæ¹åã«æ€çŽ¢ããŸãã
å ¥åã«äžèŽããã³ãã³ãã æ€çŽ¢æååã®æåã®ã^ãã¯ã
æ€çŽ¢ã Esc ããŒãæŒããšæ€çŽ¢ã¢ãŒããçµäºããŸãã ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ãå«ããã®ä»ã®ã³ãã³ã
ãšããŠéãã ãã¬ãã£ãã¯ã¹-1 ç¶ã㊠ãã¬ãã£ãã¯ã¹-1 or ãã¬ãã£ãã¯ã¹-2 ããŒã¯åŸã«å®è¡ãããŸã
æ€çŽ¢ã¢ãŒããçµäºããŸãã ã® ã¢ããŒã (^G) ã³ãã³ãã¯ã以åã®å ¥åè¡ã埩å ããŸãã
æ€çŽ¢ãå§ãŸããŸããã æŽä»£ æ€çŽ¢å±¥æŽ ã³ãã³ãã¯åŸæ¹æ€çŽ¢ãç¶ããŸã
ãã¿ãŒã³ã®æ¬¡ã«åã®åºçŸã å±¥æŽãããã¡ã«ã¯ã
æéã®è¡æ°ã å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠå€ããã®ã¯ç Žæ£ãããŸãã
æ€çŽ¢å±¥æŽã¢ãã: ANSI-PgUpãPC-PgUp
å±¥æŽãããã¡å ã§å é ãäžèŽããã³ãã³ããéæ¹åã«æ€çŽ¢ããŸãã
å ¥åè¡ã®ã«ãŒãœã«ããåã®éšåã 空ã®è¡ã§äœ¿çšãããšã
ãšåãå¹æ ã¢ãããã¹ããªãŒ.
æ€çŽ¢å±¥æŽããŠã³: ANSI-PgDnãPC-PgDn
å é ãäžèŽããã³ãã³ããå±¥æŽãããã¡å ã§åæ¹æ€çŽ¢ããŸãã
å ¥åè¡ã®ã«ãŒãœã«ããåã®éšåã 空ã®è¡ã§äœ¿çšãããšã
ãšåãå¹æ ããŠã³ãã¹ããªãŒã ããã¯ã ã¢ãããã¹ããªãŒ,
æ€çŽ¢å±¥æŽ or æ€çŽ¢å±¥æŽã¢ãã.
ã»ããããŒã¯ã³ãã³ã: ^[
ã«ãŒãœã«äœçœ®ã«ããŒã¯ãèšå®ããŸãã
転眮æå: ^T
è¡æ«ã®å ŽåããŸã㯠gmacs ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããå Žåããã㯠XNUMX ã€ã®å€ã亀æããŸã
åã®æåã ãã以å€ã®å Žåã¯ãåã®æåãšçŸåšã®æåã亀æãã
ã«ãŒãœã«ã XNUMX æåå³ã«ç§»åããŸãã
ã¢ããå±¥æŽ: [n] ^Pã^XAãANSI-CurUpãPC-CurUp
å±¥æŽãããã¡ãéæ¹åã«ã¹ã¯ããŒã«ããŸã n è¡ïŒä»¥åïŒã
倧æåã®åèª: [n] ^[Uã^[u
次ã倧æåã«ãã n èšèã
ããŒãžã§ã³: ^[^V
ã®ããŒãžã§ã³ã衚瀺ããŸã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ã çŸåšã®ç·šéãããã¡ã¯ãããŒãæŒããšããã«åŸ©å ãããŸãã
ãæŒãããŸãã 埩å ããŒã®æŒäžã¯ãã¹ããŒã¹ã§ãªãéãåŠçãããŸãã
ã€ã³ã¯: ^Y
çŸåšã®ã«ãŒãœã«äœçœ®ã«ãæåŸã«åé€ãããããã¹ãæååãæ¿å ¥ããŸãã
ã€ã³ã¯ããã: ^[y
çŽåŸ ã€ã³ã¯ãæ¿å ¥ãããããã¹ãæååã次ã®ä»¥åã®æååã«çœ®ãæããŸãã
åé€ãããããã¹ãæååã
Vi ç·šé ã¢ãŒã
æ³šïŒ vi ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ç·šéã¢ãŒãã¯å€ç«ããŠããŸããããŸã æ©èœããŠããŸãã 8ãããã¯ãªãŒã³ã§ã
ãã ããå ·äœçã«ã¯ UTF-8 ãŸã㯠MBCS ããµããŒãããŠããŸããã
vi ã³ãã³ãã©ã€ã³ãšãã£ã¿ãŒ ã ã¯ã·ã¥ ãšåºæ¬çã«åãã³ãã³ãããããŸãã vi(1) ãšãã£ã¿ä»ã
次ã®äŸå€ãé€ããŸãïŒ
· æåã¯æ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒãã§éå§ããŸãã
· ãã¡ã€ã«åãšã³ãã³ãè£å®ã³ãã³ãããããŸã: =ã\ã*ã^Xã^Eã^Fãããã³
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã§ã ãããŠã
· ã _ ã³ãã³ããç°ãªããŸãïŒ ã ã¯ã·ã¥ãããã¯æåŸã®åŒæ°ã®ã³ãã³ãã§ãã 㧠vi(1) ãããªããŸã
çŸåšã®è¡ã®å é ãŸã§)ã
· ã / & G ã³ãã³ãã¯å察æ¹åã«ç§»åããŸãã j
· åäžè¡ãšãã£ã¿ã§ã¯æå³ããªããªãã³ãã³ãã¯äœ¿çšã§ããŸãã (äŸ: screen
移åã³ãã³ããš ex(1) 圢åŒã®ã³ãã³ (:) ã³ãã³ã)ã
ããã vi(1)ã«ã¯ããã€ã³ãµãŒããã¢ãŒããšãã³ãã³ããã¢ãŒãã®XNUMXã€ã®ã¢ãŒãããããŸãã æ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒãã§ã¯ãã»ãšãã©ã®
æåã¯ãå ¥åããããšãã«ãããã¡å ã®çŸåšã®ã«ãŒãœã«äœçœ®ã«çœ®ãããã ãã§ãã
ãã ããäžéšã®æåã¯ç¹å¥ã«æ±ãããŸãã ç¹ã«ä»¥äžã®ãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒã¯ã
çŸåšããååŸãã TTY(4) èšå®ïŒåç §ïŒ ã¹ãã£(1)) ãšéåžžã®æå³ (éåžžã®å€) ãæã¡ãŸãã
æ¬åŒ§å ã¯): kill (^U)ãerase (^?)ãwerase (^W)ãeof (^D)ãintr (^C)ãããã³ quit (^\)ã
äžèšã«å ããŠã以äžã®æåãæ¿å ¥æã«ç¹å¥ã«æ±ãããŸãã
ã¢ãŒãïŒ
^E ã³ãã³ããšãã¡ã€ã«åã®åæ (以äžãåç §)ã
^F ã³ãã³ããšãã¡ã€ã«åã®è£å® (以äžãåç §)ã XNUMXåé£ç¶ã§äœ¿çšãããšã
å¯èœãªè£å®ã衚瀺ãããŸãã XNUMX åç®ã«äœ¿çšãããšãå®äºã¯åãæ¶ãããŸãã
^H åã®æåãæ¶å»ããŸãã
^J | ^M è¡æ«ã çŸåšã®è¡ã¯ã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠèªã¿åããã解æãããå®è¡ãããŸãã
^V ãªãã©ã«ã®æ¬¡ã 次ã«å ¥åãããæåã¯ç¹å¥ã«æ±ãããŸãã (次ã®ç®çã§äœ¿çšã§ããŸã)ã
ããã§èª¬æãããŠããæåãæ¿å ¥ããŸã)ã
^X ã³ãã³ããšãã¡ã€ã«åã®æ¡åŒµ (以äžãåç §)ã
ãšãã£ã¿ãã³ãã³ã ã¢ãŒãã«ããŸã (以äžãåç §)ã
ãªãã·ã§ã³ã®ãã¡ã€ã«åãšã³ãã³ãè£å® (ã ^F äžèšïŒã以äžã§æå¹ã«ããŸã ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -o
vi-tabcomplete.
ã³ãã³ã ã¢ãŒãã§ã¯ãåæåãã³ãã³ããšããŠè§£éãããŸãã ããã§ãªããã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒ
ã³ãã³ãã«å¯Ÿå¿ããŠããããã³ãã³ãã®äžæ£ãªçµã¿åããã§ãããããŸãã¯äœ¿çšã§ããªãã³ãã³ãã§ãã
å®è¡ãããšããŒãé³ã鳎ããŸãã 以äžã®ã³ãã³ãã®èª¬æã§ã¯ã[n] ã瀺ããŸãã
ã³ãã³ãã®åã«æ°åãä»ããããšãã§ããŸã (äŸ: 10l å³ã« 10 æå移åããŸã)ã çªå·ããªãå Žå
ãã¬ãã£ãã¯ã¹ã䜿çšãããŠããã n ç¹ã«æå®ããªãéãã 㯠1 ã§ãããšã¿ãªãããŸãã ãçŸåšããšããèšèã¯ã
ãäœçœ®ããšã¯ãã«ãŒãœã«ãšãã®åã®æåãšã®éã®äœçœ®ãæããŸãã
ãåèªããšã¯ãæåãæ°åãã¢ã³ããŒã¹ã³ã¢æåã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ããŸãã¯éæåã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã§ãã
æåãæ°å以å€ãã¢ã³ããŒã¹ã³ã¢ä»¥å€ã空çœæå以å€ã®æå (äŸ: ãab2*&^ãã«ã¯ XNUMX ã€ã®æåãå«ãŸããŸã)
åèª)ããããã°ã¯ãŒããã¯ç©ºçœæå以å€ã®æåã®ã·ãŒã±ã³ã¹ã§ãã
ã¹ãã·ã£ã« ã ã¯ã·ã¥ vi ã³ãã³ã:
次ã®ã³ãã³ãã¯ãéåžžã® vi ãã¡ã€ã« ãšãã£ã¿ãŒã«å«ãŸããŠããªãããŸãã¯éåžžã® vi ãã¡ã€ã« ãšãã£ã¿ãŒãšã¯ç°ãªããŸãã
[n]_ ã¹ããŒã¹ãæ¿å ¥ãããã®åŸã« nå±¥æŽã®æåŸã®ã³ãã³ãããã® çªç®ã®ããã°ã¯ãŒã
çŸåšã®äœçœ®ã§æ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒãã«å ¥ããŸãã ãã n æå®ãããŠããªããæåŸã®
ãšããèšèãæ¿å ¥ãããŸãã
# çŸåšã®è¡ã®å é ã«ã³ã¡ã³ãæå ('#') ãæ¿å ¥ããŠæ»ããŸã
ã·ã§ã«ãžã®è¡ (ãšåç I#^J).
[n]gããã Gã å Žåãé€ã n æå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ãæåŸã«èšæ¶ããããã®ã«ç§»åããŸã
ã©ã€ã³ã
[n]v è¡ãç·šé n vi(1) ç·šéè ã ãã n ãæå®ãããŠããªãå ŽåãçŸåšã®è¡ã¯
ç·šéãããŸããã å®éã«å®è¡ãããã³ãã³ãã¯ã fc -e ${ããžã¥ã¢ã«:-${ãšãã£ã¿ãŒ:-vi}} n.
* ããã³ ^X ã³ãã³ããŸãã¯ãã¡ã€ã«åã®æ¡åŒµã¯ãçŸåšã®ããã°ã¯ãŒãã«é©çšãããŸã (
åèªã«ãã¡ã€ã«ã°ããã³ã°æåãå«ãŸããŠããªãå Žåã¯ã*ããè¿œå ãããŸã) â ããã°ã¯ãŒãã¯
çµæã®åèªã«çœ®ãæããããŸãã çŸåšã®ããã°ã¯ãŒãã
è¡ãŸãã¯æå ';'ã'|'ã'&'ã'('ããŸã㯠')' ã®ãããããç¶ããŸãã
ã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ (ã/ã) ãå«ãŸããå Žåãã³ãã³ãã®å±éãè¡ãããŸãã ãã以å€ã®å Žåã¯ãã¡ã€ã«å
æ¡åŒµãè¡ãããŸãã ã³ãã³ãå±éã§ã¯ãããã°ã¯ãŒãããã¹ãŠã®ã¯ãŒããšäžèŽããŸãã
ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ãé¢æ°ãçµã¿èŸŒã¿ã³ãã³ããããã³èŠã€ãã£ãå®è¡å¯èœãã¡ã€ã«
PATH ãã©ã¡ãŒã¿ã§ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªãæ€çŽ¢ããŸãã ãã¡ã€ã«åæ¡åŒµäžèŽ
çŸåšã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªå ã®ãã¡ã€ã«ã«å¯Ÿããããã°ã¯ãŒãã æ¡åŒµåŸã¯ã
ã«ãŒãœã«ã¯æåŸã®åèªã®ããåŸãã«çœ®ããããšãã£ã¿ã¯æ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒãã«ãªããŸãã
[n]\ã[n]^Fã[n] ã ãã㊠[nã
ã³ãã³ã/ãã¡ã€ã«åã®è£å®ã çŸåšã®ããã°ã¯ãŒããæé·ã®ã¯ãŒãã«çœ®ãæããŸã
ã³ãã³ããšãã¡ã€ã«åã®æ¡åŒµãå®è¡ããåŸã«ååŸãããäžæã®äžèŽã
ã®å Žåã«ã®ã¿èªèãããŸãã vi-tabcomplete ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããéã ã ãã§ã
å Žåã«èªèãããŸã vi-esccomplete ãªãã·ã§ã³ãèšå®ãããŠããŸã (åç § ã»ãã·ã§ã³ã« -oïŒ ãã n æå®ãããŠããã
ã nå¯èœãªè£å®ãéžæãããŠããŸã (ã³ãã³ã/ãã¡ã€ã«åã«ãã£ãŠå ±åãããŸã)
åæã³ãã³ã)ã
= ããã³ ^E ã³ãã³ã/ãã¡ã€ã«åã®åæã äžèŽãããã¹ãŠã®ã³ãã³ããŸãã¯ãã¡ã€ã«ããªã¹ãããŸãã
çŸåšã®ããã°ã¯ãŒãã
^V ã®ããŒãžã§ã³ã衚瀺ããŸã ã ã¯ã·ã¥ã çŸåšã®ç·šéãããã¡ã¯ã
ããŒãæŒãããŸããã 埩å äžã®ããŒå ¥åã¯ç¡èŠãããŸãã
@c ãã¯ãå±éã ãšã€ãªã¢ã¹ã§èŠã€ãã£ãã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããŸã c.
è¡å 移åã³ãã³ã:
[n]æ [n]^H
å·Šã«ç§»å n æåã
[n]åå° [nã
å³ã«åã n æåã
0 å 0 ã«ç§»åããŸãã
^ æåã®é空çœæåã«ç§»åããŸãã
[n]| åã«ç§»å n.
$ æåŸã®æåã«ç§»åããŸãã
[n]b æ»ã n èšèã
[n]B æ»ã n 倧ããªèšèã
[n]e åèªã®æåŸãŸã§é²ã¿ãŸãã n åã
[n]E 倧ããªèšèã®æåŸãŸã§é²ã¿ã n åã
[n]w åã«é²ã¿ãŸã n èšèã
[n]Wåé² n 倧ããªèšèã
% äžèŽãæ€çŽ¢ããŸãã ãšãã£ã¿ãŒã¯æãè¿ãæ¬åŒ§ãæ¬åŒ§ããŸãã¯äžæ¬åŒ§ãæ¢ããŸãã
次ã«ã察å¿ããæ¬åŒ§ãæ¬åŒ§ããŸãã¯äžæ¬åŒ§ã«ã«ãŒãœã«ã移åããŸãã
[n]fc ã«é²ãã§ãã ãã næåã® çªç®ã®åºçŸ c.
[n]Fc ã«æ»ã næåã® çªç®ã®åºçŸ c.
[n]tc çŽåãŸã§é²ã næåã® çªç®ã®åºçŸ c.
[n]Tc çŽåãŸã§åŸéãã næåã® çªç®ã®åºçŸ c.
[n]; æåŸãç¹°ãè¿ããŸã f, F, tãŸã㯠T
[n]ãæåŸãç¹°ãè¿ããŸã f, F, tãŸã㯠T ã³ãã³ããå®è¡ããŠããå察æ¹åã«ç§»åããŸãã
è¡é移åã³ãã³ã:
[n]jã[n]+ã[n]^N
ã«ç§»åãã nå±¥æŽã®æ¬¡ã®è¡ã
[n]kã[n]-ã ãã㊠[n]^P
ã«ç§»åãã nå±¥æŽã® XNUMX çªç®åã®è¡ã
[n]G è¡ã«ç§»å n æŽå²ã®äžã§ã ãã n æå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ãæåã®çªå·
èŠããè¡ã䜿çšãããŸãã
[n]gããã Gã å Žåãé€ã n ãæå®ãããŠããªãå Žåã¯ãæåŸã«èšæ¶ãããè¡ã«ç§»åããŸãã
[n]/æåå
å±¥æŽãéæ¹åã«æ€çŽ¢ããŠã nãå«ãè¡ç® æåå; ãã æåå
ã^ãã§å§ãŸãå Žåãæååã®æ®ãã®éšåã¯å±¥æŽã®å é ã«çŸããå¿ èŠããããŸã
äžèŽããè¡ã
[n]?æåå
ãšåã /ãã ããå±¥æŽãåæ¹ã«æ€çŽ¢ããç¹ãç°ãªããŸãã
[n]n ãæ€çŽ¢ããŸãã næåŸã®æ€çŽ¢æååã® çªç®ã®åºçŸã æ¢çŽ¢ã®æ¹åæ§
ååã®æ€çŽ¢ãšåãã§ãã
[n]N ãæ€çŽ¢ããŸãã næåŸã®æ€çŽ¢æååã® çªç®ã®åºçŸã æ¢çŽ¢ã®æ¹åæ§
æåŸã®æ€çŽ¢ã®éã§ãã
ANSI ã«ãŒã«ã¢ãã, PC-PgUp
è¡ã®å é ããçŸåšã®ã«ãŒãœã«äœçœ®ãŸã§ã®æåã次ã®ããã«ååŸããŸãã
æååãæ€çŽ¢ããããã§å§ãŸãè¡ãåŸæ¹å±¥æŽæ€çŽ¢ããŸãã
匊; ã«ãŒãœã«äœçœ®ãç¶æããŸãã ããã¯æ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒãã§ã®ã¿æ©èœãããããä¿æããŸã
æå¹ã«ãªããŸããã
ç·šéã³ãã³ã
[n]a ããã¹ããè¿œå n åã çŸåšã®äœçœ®ã®çŽåŸã«æ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒãã«ãªããŸãã ã®
append ã¯ãã³ãã³ã ã¢ãŒããå床éå§ãããå Žåã«ã®ã¿è€è£œãããŸããã€ãŸãã 䜿çšãããŠããã
[n]Aãšåã aãã ããè¡ã®æ«å°Ÿã«è¿œå ãããç¹ãç°ãªããŸãã
[n]i ããã¹ããæ¿å ¥ n åã çŸåšã®äœçœ®ã§æ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒãã«ãªããŸãã æ¿å ¥
ã³ãã³ãã¢ãŒããåã³éå§ãããå Žåã«ã®ã¿è€è£œãããŸããã€ãŸãã 䜿çšãããŠããã
[n]ç§ãåãã§ã iãã ããæ¿å ¥ã¯æåã®é空çœæåã®çŽåã«è¡ãããŸãã
[n]s 次ã®ãã®ã眮ãæããŸã n æå (ã€ãŸããæåãåé€ããŠæ¿å ¥ã«å ¥ããŸã)
ã¢ãŒãïŒã
S è¡å šäœã眮æããŸãã 空çœä»¥å€ã®æåã®æåããæ«å°ŸãŸã§ã®ãã¹ãŠã®æå
ã®è¡ãåé€ãããæ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒãã«å ¥ããŸãã
[n]c移åã³ãã³ã
çŸåšã®äœçœ®ããçµæã®äœçœ®ãžã®å€æŽ n 移åã³ãã³ãs (ã€ãŸã
æå®ãããé åãåé€ããæ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒãã«ç§»è¡ããŸã); ãã 移åã³ãã³ã is cãã©ã€ã³
æåã®é空çœæåããå€æŽãããŸãã
C çŸåšã®äœçœ®ããè¡ã®æ«å°ŸãŸã§å€æŽããŸã (ã€ãŸããè¡ã®æ«å°ŸãŸã§åé€ããŸã)ã
è¡ãåé€ããŠæ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒãã«å ¥ããŸã)ã
[n]x 次ãåé€ n æåã
[n]X åã®å 容ãåé€ n æåã
D è¡æ«ãŸã§åé€ããŸãã
[n]d移åã³ãã³ã
çŸåšã®äœçœ®ããçµæã®äœçœ®ãŸã§ãåé€ããŸãã n 移åã³ãã³ãs;
移åã³ãã³ã 移åã³ãã³ã (äžèšãåç §) ãŸã㯠dããã®å ŽåãçŸåšã®è¡ã¯
åé€ãããŸããã
[n]rc 次ã®ãã®ãšäº€æãã n ãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒãšãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ãŒ c.
[n]R 亀æããŸãã æ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒãã«å ¥ããŸãããæ¢åã®æåãæ¿å ¥ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãäžæžãããŸãã
æ¢åãã£ã©ã®åã«ã å ¥ãæ¿ãããç¹°ãè¿ããã n åã
[n]~ 次ã®å€§æåãšå°æåãå€æŽããŸã n æåã
[n]y移åã³ãã³ã
çŸåšã®äœçœ®ãã次ã®çµæã®äœçœ®ãŸã§ã€ã³ã¯ããŸãã n 移åã³ãã³ãsã«
ãããã¡ãã€ã³ã¯ããŸãã ãã 移åã³ãã³ã is yãè¡å šäœãã€ã³ã¯ãããŸãã
Y çŸåšã®äœçœ®ããè¡æ«ãŸã§ã€ã³ã¯ããŸãã
[n]p ã€ã³ã¯ ãããã¡ã®å 容ãçŸåšã®äœçœ®ã®çŽåŸã«è²Œãä»ããŸãã n åã
[n]Påã pãã ãããããã¡ã¯çŸåšã®äœçœ®ã«è²Œãä»ããããŸãã
ãã®ä»ã® vi ã³ãã³ã
^J ãš ^M
çŸåšã®è¡ã¯ã·ã§ã«ã«ãã£ãŠèªã¿åããã解æãããå®è¡ãããŸãã
^L ãš ^R
çŸåšã®è¡ãåæç»ããŸãã
[n]ã æåŸã®ç·šéã³ãã³ããããçŽã n åã
u æåŸã®ç·šéã³ãã³ããå ã«æ»ããŸãã
U çŸåšã®è¡ã«å ãããããã¹ãŠã®å€æŽãå ã«æ»ããŸãã
PC ã® HomeãEndãDelãããã³ã«ãŒãœã« ããŒ
æ¿å ¥ã¢ãŒããšã³ãã³ã ã¢ãŒãã®äž¡æ¹ã§ãæåŸ ã©ããã«åäœããŸãã
intr & ãããŸã
å²ã蟌ã¿ãšçµäºã®çµç«¯æåã«ãããçŸåšã®è¡ãåé€ããã
å°å·ãããæ°ããããã³ããã
onworks.net ãµãŒãã¹ã䜿çšããŠãªã³ã©ã€ã³ã§ mksh ã䜿çšãã