blockmodegmt - Online in the Cloud

PROGRAM:

NAME

blockmode - Block average (x, y, z) data tables by mode estimation

SYNOPSIS

blockmode [ table ] increment region [ ] [ [width][+c][+a|+l|+h ] [ r|s[-] ] [ ] [
[level] ] [ [i|o] ] [ -b<binary> ] [ -d<nodata> ] [ -f<flags> ] [ -h<headers> ] [
-i<flags> ] [ -o<flags> ] [ -r ] [ -:[i|o] ]

Note: No space is allowed between the option flag and the associated arguments.

DESCRIPTION

blockmode reads arbitrarily located (x,y,z) triples [or optionally weighted quadruples
(x,y,z,w)] from standard input [or table] and writes to standard output mode estimates of
position and value for every non-empty block in a grid region defined by the -R and -I
arguments. Either blockmean, blockmedian, or blockmode should be used as a pre-processor
before running surface to avoid aliasing short wavelengths. These routines are also
generally useful for decimating or averaging (x,y,z) data. You can modify the precision of
the output format by editing the FORMAT_FLOAT_OUT parameter in your gmt.conf file, or you
may choose binary input and/or output to avoid loss of precision.

REQUIRED ARGUMENTS

-Ixinc[unit][=|+][/yinc[unit][=|+]]
x_inc [and optionally y_inc] is the grid spacing. Optionally, append a suffix
modifier. Geographical (degrees) coordinates: Append m to indicate arc minutes or s
to indicate arc seconds. If one of the units e, f, k, M, n or u is appended
instead, the increment is assumed to be given in meter, foot, km, Mile, nautical
mile or US survey foot, respectively, and will be converted to the equivalent
degrees longitude at the middle latitude of the region (the conversion depends on
PROJ_ELLIPSOID). If /y_inc is given but set to 0 it will be reset equal to x_inc;
otherwise it will be converted to degrees latitude. All coordinates: If = is
appended then the corresponding max x (east) or y (north) may be slightly adjusted
to fit exactly the given increment [by default the increment may be adjusted
slightly to fit the given domain]. Finally, instead of giving an increment you may
specify the number of nodes desired by appending + to the supplied integer
argument; the increment is then recalculated from the number of nodes and the
domain. The resulting increment value depends on whether you have selected a
gridline-registered or pixel-registered grid; see App-file-formats for details.
Note: if -Rgrdfile is used then the grid spacing has already been initialized; use
-I to override the values.

-R[unit]xmin/xmax/ymin/ymax[r] (more ...)
Specify the region of interest.

OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS

table 3 [or 4, see -W] column ASCII data table file(s) [or binary, see -bi] holding
(x,y,z[,w]) data values. [w] is an optional weight for the data. If no file is
specified, blockmode will read from standard input.

-C Use the center of the block as the output location [Default uses the modal xy
location (but see -Q)]. -C overrides -Q.

-D[width][+c][+a|+l|+h ]
Perform unweighted mode calculation via histogram binning, using the specified
histogram width. Append +c to center bins so that their mid point is a multiple of
width [uncentered]. If multiple modes are found for a block we return the average
mode [+a]. Append +l or +h to return the low of high mode instead, respectively.
If width is not given it will default to 1 provided your data set only contains
integers. Also, for integer data and integer bin width we enforce bin centering
(+c) and select the lowest mode (+l) if there are multiples. [Default mode is
normally the Least Median of Squares (LMS) statistic].

-E Provide Extended report which includes s (the L1 scale of the mode), l, the lowest
value, and h, the high value for each block. Output order becomes x,y,z,s,l,h[,w].
[Default outputs x,y,z[,w]. See -W for w output.

-Er|s[-]
Provide source id s or record number r output, i.e., append the source id or record
number associated with the modal value. If tied then report the record number of
the higher of the two values; append - to instead report the record number of the
lower value. Note that both -E and -Er[-] may be specified. For -Es we expect
input records of the form x,y,z[,w],sid, where sid is an unsigned integer source
id.

-Q (Quicker) Finds mode z and mean (x,y) [Default finds mode x, mode y, mode z].

-V[level] (more ...)
Select verbosity level [c].

-W[i|o]
Weighted modifier[s]. Unweighted input and output has 3 columns x,y,z; Weighted i/o
has 4 columns x,y,z,w. Weights can be used in input to construct weighted mean
values in blocks. Weight sums can be reported in output for later combining several
runs, etc. Use -W for weighted i/o, -Wi for weighted input only, -Wo for weighted
output only. [Default uses unweighted i/o].

-bi[ncols][t] (more ...)
Select native binary input. [Default is 3 (or 4 if -Wi is set)].

-bo[ncols][type] (more ...)
Select native binary output. [Default is 3 (or 4 if -Wo is set)]. -E adds 3
additional columns.

-d[i|o]nodata (more ...)
Replace input columns that equal nodata with NaN and do the reverse on output.

-f[i|o]colinfo (more ...)
Specify data types of input and/or output columns.

-h[i|o][n][+c][+d][+rremark][+rtitle] (more ...)
Skip or produce header record(s).

-icols[l][sscale][ooffset][,...] (more ...)
Select input columns (0 is first column).

-ocols[,...] (more ...)
Select output columns (0 is first column).

-r (more ...)
Set pixel node registration [gridline]. Each block is the locus of points nearest
the grid value location. For example, with -R10/15/10/15 and -I1: with the -r
option 10 <= (x,y) < 11 is one of 25 blocks; without it 9.5 <= (x,y) < 10.5 is one
of 36 blocks.

-:[i|o] (more ...)
Swap 1st and 2nd column on input and/or output.

-^ or just -
Print a short message about the syntax of the command, then exits (NOTE: on Windows
use just -).

-+ or just +
Print an extensive usage (help) message, including the explanation of any
module-specific option (but not the GMT common options), then exits.

-? or no arguments
Print a complete usage (help) message, including the explanation of options, then
exits.

--version
Print GMT version and exit.

--show-datadir
Print full path to GMT share directory and exit.

ASCII FORMAT PRECISION

The ASCII output formats of numerical data are controlled by parameters in your gmt.conf
file. Longitude and latitude are formatted according to FORMAT_GEO_OUT, whereas other
values are formatted according to FORMAT_FLOAT_OUT. Be aware that the format in effect can
lead to loss of precision in the output, which can lead to various problems downstream. If
you find the output is not written with enough precision, consider switching to binary
output (-bo if available) or specify more decimals using the FORMAT_FLOAT_OUT setting.

EXAMPLES

To find 5 by 5 minute block mode estimates from the double precision binary data in
hawaii_b.xyg and output an ASCII table, run:

gmt blockmode hawaii_b.xyg -R198/208/18/25 -I5m -bi3d > hawaii_5x5.xyg

To determine the most frequently occurring values per 5x5 block using histogram binning,
with data representing integer counts, try

gmt blockmode data.txt -R0/100/0/100 -I5 -r -C -D

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