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PROGRAM:
NAME
cs2cs - cartographic coordinate system filter
SYNOPSIS
cs2cs [ -eEfIlrstvwW [ args ] ] [ +opts[=arg] ]
[ +to [+opts[=arg]] ] file[s]
DESCRIPTION
Cs2cs performs transformation between the source and destination cartographic coordinate
system on a set of input points. The coordinate system transformation can include
translation between projected and geographic coordinates as well as the application of
datum shifts.
The following control parameters can appear in any order:
-I method to specify inverse translation, convert from +to coordinate system to the
primary coordinate system defined.
-ta A specifies a character employed as the first character to denote a control line to
be passed through without processing. This option applicable to ascii input only.
(# is the default value).
-e string
String is an arbitrary string to be output if an error is detected during data
transformations. The default value is: *\t*. Note that if the -b, -i or -o
options are employed, an error is returned as HUGE_VAL value for both return
values.
-E causes the input coordinates to be copied to the output line prior to printing the
converted values.
-l[p|P|=|e|u|d]id
List projection identifiers with -l, -lp or -lP (expanded) that can be selected
with +proj. -l=id gives expanded description of projection id. List ellipsoid
identifiers with -le, that can be selected with +ellps, -lu list of cartesian to
meter conversion factors that can be selected with +units or -ld list of datums
that can be selected with +datum.
-r This options reverses the order of the expected input from longitude-latitude or x-
y to latitude-longitude or y-x.
-s This options reverses the order of the output from x-y or longitude-latitude to y-x
or latitude-longitude.
-f format
Format is a printf format string to control the form of the output values. For
inverse projections, the output will be in degrees when this option is employed.
If a format is specified for inverse projection the output data will be in decimal
degrees. The default format is "%.2f" for forward projection and DMS for inverse.
-[w|W]n
N is the number of significant fractional digits to employ for seconds output (when
the option is not specified, -w3 is assumed). When -W is employed the fields will
be constant width and with leading zeroes.
-v causes a listing of cartographic control parameters tested for and used by the
program to be printed prior to input data.
The +args run-line arguments are associated with cartographic parameters and usage varies
with projection and for a complete description see Cartographic Projection Procedures for
the UNIX Environment—A User's Manual and supplementary documentation for Release 4.
The cs2cs program requires two coordinate system definitions. The first (or primary is
defined based on all projection parameters not appearing after the +to argument. All
projection parameters appearing after the +to argument are considered the definition of
the second coordinate system. If there is no second coordinate system defined, a
geographic coordinate system based on the datum and ellipsoid of the source coordinate
system is assumed. Note that the source and destination coordinate system can both be
projections, both be geographic, or one of each and may have the same or different datums.
Additional projection control parameters may be contained in two auxiliary control files:
the first is optionally referenced with the +init=file:id and the second is always
processed after the name of the projection has been established from either the run-line
or the contents of +init file. The environment parameter PROJ_LIB establishes the default
directory for a file reference without an absolute path. This is also used for supporting
files like datum shift files.
One or more files (processed in left to right order) specify the source of data to be
transformed. A - will specify the location of processing standard input. If no files are
specified, the input is assumed to be from stdin. For input data the two data values must
be in the first two white space separated fields and when both input and output are ASCII
all trailing portions of the input line are appended to the output line.
Input geographic data (longitude and latitude) must be in DMS or decimal degrees format
and input cartesian data must be in units consistent with the ellipsoid major axis or
sphere radius units. Output geographic coordinates will normally be in DMS format (use -f
%.12f for decimal degrees with 12 decimal places), while projected (cartesian) coordinates
will be in linear (meter, feet) units.
EXAMPLE
The following script
cs2cs +proj=latlong +datum=NAD83
+to +proj=utm +zone=10 +datum=NAD27 -r <<EOF
45d15'33.1" 111.5W
45d15.551666667N -111d30
+45.25919444444 111d30'000w
EOF
will transform the input NAD83 geographic coordinates into NAD27 coordinates in the UTM
projection with zone 10 selected. The geographic values of this example are equivalent
and meant as examples of various forms of DMS input. The x-y output data will appear as
three lines of:
1402285.99 5076292.42 0.000
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