debsecan - Online in the Cloud

PROGRAM:

NAME

debsecan - Debian Security Analyzer

SYNOPSIS

debsecan options...

DESCRIPTION

debsecan analyzes the list of installed packages on the current host and reports
vulnerabilities found on the system.

OPTIONS

--suite count
Choose a specific suite. debsecan produces more informative output (including
obsolete packages) if the correct suite is specified. The release code name has to
be used ("sid"), not the temporal name ("unstable").

--whitelist file
Change the name of the whitelist file.

--add-whitelist, --remove-whitelist, --show-whitelist
Add or remove entries from the whitelist, or print the whitelist to standard
output. See the CHANGING THE WHITELIST section below.

--source url
Override the default download URL for vulnerability data.

--status file
Evaluate a different dpkg status file.

--format format
Change the output format. If format is summary (the default), a short summary for
each vulnerability is printed. The simple format is like the summary format,
except that only the bug packages names are printed. For bugs and packages,
debsecan lists the names of vulnerabilities and binary packages, respectively.
--format detail requests a verbose output format, showing all available data. The
report format is used for email reports.

--line-length characters
Specifies the line length in report mode. The default is 72.

--mailto mailbox
The --mailto option instructions debsecan to the send the report to the email
address mailbox. No report is sent if there where no changes since the last
invocation with --update-history. This option requires the --format report output
format. The option value may contain macros, see the section CONFIGURATION FILE
MACROS below.

--only-fixed
Only list vulnerabilities for which a fix is available in the archive. Note that
it can happen that a fix is listed, although the package has not been built for the
system's architecture and is not yet available for download. (If you use this
option, you also must specify the correct suite using --suite.)

--no-obsolete
Do not list any obsolete packages (see below). Using this option is not
recommended because it hides real vulnerabilities on some systems, not just false
positives.

--history file
Change the name of the history file used by --format report.

--disable-https-check
Turn off certificate validation for HTTPS.

--update-history
Update the vulnerability status information after reporting it using --format
report.

--cron Internal option used for invocations from cron. Checks if the vulnerability data
has already been downloaded today. In this case, further processing is skipped.
See debsecan-create-cron(8) for instructions how to create a suitable cron entry.

--config file
Sets the location of the configuration file.

--help Display a short help message and exit.

--version
Display version information and exit.

CONFIGURATION FILE

The configuration file contains the following variables. It follows name=value shell
syntax. If value contains white space, it must be surrounded by double quotes. Some
variables may contain macros; see the section CONFIGURATION FILE MACROS below.

MAILTO Sets the email address to which reports are sent in --cron mode. May contain
macros.

REPORT Controls whether debsecan does any processing whatsoever in --cron mode.
(Permitted values: true and false.)

SOURCE Controls the URL from which vulnerability information is fetched. If empty, the
built-in default is used.

SUITE Sets the default value of the --suite option (see there).

SUBJECT
Changes the subject line of reports. May contain macros.

DISABLE_HTTPS_CHECK
Disables HTTPS certificate checking, just like the --disable-https-check command
line option.

CONFIGURATION FILE MACROS

Macro processing replaces strings of the form %s(key)s with system-dependent values.
Support keys are:

hostname
The host name on which debsecan runs, without the domain name part.

fqdn The fully-qualified domain name of the host on which debsecan runs.

ip The IP address of the host on which debsecan runs. This may be inaccurate on
multi-homed systems.

CHANGING THE WHITELIST

You can use the --add-whitelist and --remove-whitelist options to change the whitelist.
Whitelisted vulnerabilities are not included in the reports. For example,

debsecan --add-whitelist CVE-2005-4601

ignores the vulnerability CVE-2005-4601 completely, while

debsecan --add-whitelist CVE-2005-4601 perlmagick

ignores it only as far as the perlmagick is concerned. (This is the same format that is
produced by the --format simple option.) To remove all whitelist entries for the
CVE-2005-4601 vulnerability, use:

debsecan --remove-whitelist CVE-2005-4601

If you want to remove an entry for a specific vulnerability/package pair, list the package
name explicitly, as in:

debsecan --remove-whitelist CVE-2005-4601 imagemagick

You can list multiple vulnerability and packages. For example,

debsecan --add-whitelist CVE-2005-4601 \
CVE-2006-0082 imagemagick perlmagick

whitelists CVE-2005-4601 for all packages, and CVE-2006-0082 for the imagemagick and
perlmagick packages only.

CAVEATS

Much like the official Debian security advisories, debsecan's vulnerability tracking is
mostly based on source packages. This can be confusing because tools like dpkg only
display binary package names. Therefore, debsecan displays the more familiar binary
package names. This has the unfortunate effect that all binary packages (including
packages containing only documentation, for example) are flagged as vulnerable, and not
only those packages which actually contain the vulnerable code.

If the correct --suite option is specified, debsecan may mark some packages as obsolete.
This means that the binary package in question has been removed from the archive. In this
case, you need to update all the packages depending on the obsolete package, and
subsequently remove the obsolete package.

For certain architectures, build daemons may lag considerably. In such case, debsecan may
incorrectly mark a package as fixed, even if an update is not yet available in the Debian
archive.

Note that debsecan version uses the --suite option only to determine the availability of
corrected packages and to detect obsolete packages. If you specify the wrong suite, only
the information on available security updates and obsolete packages is wrong, but the list
of vulnerabilities is correct.

Mixing packages from different Debian releases is supported, as long as the packages still
carry their official version numbers. Unknown package versions (from backported packages,
for example) are compared to the version in Debian unstable only, which may lead to
incorrect reports.

EXAMPLES

This command prints all package names for which security fixes are available:

debsecan --suite suite --format packages --only-fixed

If you pass this output to apt-get, you can download new packages which contain security
fixes. For example, if you are running sid:

apt-get install \
$(debsecan --suite sid --format packages --only-fixed)

The following command can be invoked periodically, to get notifications of new security
issues:

debsecan --suite suite --format report \
--update-history --mailto root

See debsecan-create-cron(8) for a tool which creates a suitable cron entry.

ENVIRONMENT

http_proxy
This environment variable instructs debsecan to use a proxy server to fetch the
vulnerability data. It must be of the form http://proxy.example.net:8080/
(mimicking a URL).

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