udebug - Online in the Cloud

PROGRAM:

NAME

udebug - Reports Ubik process status for a database server process

SYNOPSIS

udebug -server <server machine> [-port <IP port>]
[-long] [-help]

udebug -s <server machine> [-p <IP port>] [-l] [-h]

DESCRIPTION

The udebug command displays the status of the lightweight Ubik process for the database
server process identified by the -port argument that is running on the database server
machine named by the -server argument. The output identifies the machines where peer
database server processes are running, which of them is the synchronization site (Ubik
coordinator), and the status of the connections between them.

OPTIONS

-server <server machine>
Names the database server machine that is running the process for which to display
status information. Provide the machine's IP address in dotted decimal format, its
fully qualified host name (for example, fs1.abc.com), or the shortest abbreviated form
of its host name that distinguishes it from other machines. Successful use of an
abbreviated form depends on the availability of a name resolution service (such as the
Domain Name Service or a local host table) at the time the command is issued.

-port <IP port>
Identifies the database server process for which to display status information, either
by its process name or port number. Provide one of the following values.

buserver or 7021 for the Backup Server
kaserver or 7004 for the Authentication Server
ptserver or 7002 for the Protection Server
vlserver or 7003 for the Volume Location Server
-long
Reports additional information about each peer of the machine named by the -server
argument. The information appears by default if that machine is the synchronization
site.

-help
Prints the online help for this command. All other valid options are ignored.

OUTPUT

Several of the messages in the output provide basic status information about the Ubik
process on the machine specified by the -server argument, and the remaining messages are
useful mostly for debugging purposes.

To check basic Ubik status, issue the command for each database server machine in turn. In
the output for each, one of the following messages appears in the top third of the output.

I am sync site . . . (<#_sites> servers)

I am not sync site

For the synchronization site, the following message indicates that all sites have the same
version of the database, which implies that Ubik is functioning correctly. See the
following for a description of values other than "1f".

Recovery state 1f

For correct Ubik operation, the database server machine clocks must agree on the time. The
following messages, which are the second and third lines in the output, report the current
date and time according to the database server machine's clock and the clock on the
machine where the udebug command is issued.

Host's <IP_addr> time is <dbserver_date/time>
Local time is <local_date/time> (time differential <skew> secs)

The <skew> is the difference between the database server machine clock and the local
clock. Its absolute value is not vital for Ubik functioning, but a difference of more than
a few seconds between the skew values for the database server machines indicates that
their clocks are not synchronized and Ubik performance is possibly hampered.

Following is a description of all messages in the output. As noted, it is useful mostly
for debugging and most meaningful to someone who understands Ubik's implementation.

The output begins with the following messages. The first message reports the IP addresses
that are configured with the operating system on the machine specified by the -server
argument. As previously noted, the second and third messages report the current date and
time according to the clocks on the database server machine and the machine where the
udebug command is issued, respectively. All subsequent timestamps in the output are
expressed in terms of the local clock rather than the database server machine clock.

Host's addresses are: <list_of_IP_addrs>
Host's <IP_addr> time is <dbserver_date/time>
Local time is <local_date/time> (time differential <skew> secs)

If the <skew> is more than about 10 seconds, the following message appears. As noted, it
does not necessarily indicate Ubik malfunction: it denotes clock skew between the database
server machine and the local machine, rather than among the database server machines.

****clock may be bad

If the udebug command is issued during the coordinator election process and voting has not
yet begun, the following message appears next.

Last yes vote not cast yet

Otherwise, the output continues with the following messages.

Last yes vote for <sync_IP_addr> was <last_vote> secs ago (sync site);
Last vote started <vote_start> secs ago (at <date/time>)
Local db version is <db_version>

The first indicates which peer this Ubik process last voted for as coordinator (it can
vote for itself) and how long ago it sent the vote. The second message indicates how long
ago the Ubik coordinator requested confirming votes from the secondary sites. Usually, the
<last_vote> and <vote_start> values are the same; a difference between them can indicate
clock skew or a slow network connection between the two database server machines. A small
difference is not harmful. The third message reports the current version number
<db_version> of the database maintained by this Ubik process. It has two fields separated
by a period. The field before the period is based on a timestamp that reflects when the
database first changed after the most recent coordinator election, and the field after the
period indicates the number of changes since the election.

The output continues with messages that differ depending on whether the Ubik process is
the coordinator or not.

· If there is only one database server machine, it is always the coordinator
(synchronization site), as indicated by the following message.

I am sync site forever (1 server)

· If there are multiple database sites, and the -server argument names the coordinator
(synchronization site), the output continues with the following two messages.

I am sync site until <expiration> secs from now (at <date/time>)
(<#_sites> servers)
Recovery state <flags>

The first message (which is reported on one line) reports how much longer the site
remains coordinator even if the next attempt to maintain quorum fails, and how many
sites are participating in the quorum. The flags field in the second message is a
hexadecimal number that indicates the current state of the quorum. A value of "1f"
indicates complete database synchronization, whereas a value of "f" means that the
coordinator has the correct database but cannot contact all secondary sites to
determine if they also have it. Lesser values are acceptable if the udebug command is
issued during coordinator election, but they denote a problem if they persist. The
individual flags have the following meanings:

0x1 This machine is the coordinator.

0x2 The coordinator has determined which site has the database with the highest
version number.

0x4 The coordinator has a copy of the database with the highest version number.

0x8 The database's version number has been updated correctly.

0x10
All sites have the database with the highest version number.

If the udebug command is issued while the coordinator is writing a change into the
database, the following additional message appears.

I am currently managing write transaction I<identifier>

· If the -server argument names a secondary site, the output continues with the
following messages.

I am not sync site
Lowest host <lowest_IP_addr> was set <low_time> secs ago
Sync host <sync_IP_addr> was set <sync_time> secs ago

The <lowest_IP_addr> is the lowest IP address of any peer from which the Ubik process
has received a message recently, whereas the <sync_IP_addr> is the IP address of the
current coordinator. If they differ, the machine with the lowest IP address is not
currently the coordinator. The Ubik process continues voting for the current
coordinator as long as they remain in contact, which provides for maximum stability.
However, in the event of another coordinator election, this Ubik process votes for the
<lowest_IP_addr> site instead (assuming they are in contact), because it has a bias to
vote in elections for the site with the lowest IP address.

For both the synchronization and secondary sites, the output continues with the following
messages. The first message reports the version number of the database at the
synchronization site, which needs to match the <db_version> reported by the preceding
"Local db version" message. The second message indicates how many VLDB records are
currently locked for any operation or for writing in particular. The values are nonzero if
the udebug command is issued while an operation is in progress.

Sync site's db version is <db_version>
<locked> locked pages, <writes> of them for write

The following messages appear next only if there are any read or write locks on database
records:

There are read locks held
There are write locks held

Similarly, one or more of the following messages appear next only if there are any read or
write transactions in progress when the udebug command is issued:

There is an active write transaction
There is at least one active read transaction
Transaction tid is <tid>

If the machine named by the -server argument is the coordinator, the next message reports
when the current coordinator last updated the database.

Last time a new db version was labelled was:
<last_restart> secs ago (at <date/time>)

If the machine named by the -server argument is the coordinator, the output concludes with
an entry for each secondary site that is participating in the quorum, in the following
format.

Server (<IP_address>): (db <db_version>)
last vote rcvd <last_vote> secs ago (at <date/time>),
last beacon sent <last_beacon> secs ago (at <date/time>),
last vote was { yes | no }
dbcurrent={ 0 | 1 }, up={ 0 | 1 } beaconSince={ 0 | 1 }

The first line reports the site's IP address and the version number of the database it is
maintaining. The <last_vote> field reports how long ago the coordinator received a vote
message from the Ubik process at the site, and the <last_beacon> field how long ago the
coordinator last requested a vote message. If the udebug command is issued during the
coordinator election process and voting has not yet begun, the following messages appear
instead.

Last vote never rcvd
Last beacon never sent

On the final line of each entry, the fields have the following meaning:

· "dbcurrent" is 1 if the site has the database with the highest version number, 0 if it
does not.

· "up" is 1 if the Ubik process at the site is functioning correctly, 0 if it is not.

· "beaconSince" is 1 if the site has responded to the coordinator's last request for
votes, 0 if it has not.

Including the -long flag produces peer entries even when the -server argument names a
secondary site, but in that case only the IP_address field is guaranteed to be accurate.
For example, the value in the <db_version> field is usually 0.0, because secondary sites
do not poll their peers for this information. The values in the last_vote and last_beacon
fields indicate when this site last received or requested a vote as coordinator; they
generally indicate the time of the last coordinator election.

EXAMPLES

This example checks the status of the Ubik process for the Volume Location Server on the
machine "afs1", which is the synchronization site.

% udebug afs1 vlserver
Host's addresses are: 192.12.107.33
Host's 192.12.107.33 time is Wed Oct 27 09:49:50 1999
Local time is Wed Oct 27 09:49:52 1999 (time differential 2 secs)
Last yes vote for 192.12.107.33 was 1 secs ago (sync site);
Last vote started 1 secs ago (at Wed Oct 27 09:49:51 1999)
Local db version is 940902602.674
I am sync site until 58 secs from now (at Wed Oct 27 09:50:50 1999) (3 servers)
Recovery state 1f
Sync site's db version is 940902602.674
0 locked pages, 0 of them for write
Last time a new db version was labelled was:
129588 secs ago (at Mon Oct 25 21:50:04 1999)

Server( 192.12.107.35 ): (db 940902602.674)
last vote rcvd 2 secs ago (at Wed Oct 27 09:49:50 1999),
last beacon sent 1 secs ago (at Wed Oct 27 09:49:51 1999), last vote was yes
dbcurrent=1, up=1 beaconSince=1

Server( 192.12.107.34 ): (db 940902602.674)
last vote rcvd 2 secs ago (at Wed Oct 27 09:49:50 1999),
last beacon sent 1 secs ago (at Wed Oct 27 09:49:51 1999), last vote was yes
dbcurrent=1, up=1 beaconSince=1

This example checks the status of the Authentication Server on the machine with IP address
192.12.107.34, which is a secondary site. The local clock is about 4 minutes behind the
database server machine's clock.

% udebug 192.12.107.34 7004
Host's addresses are: 192.12.107.34
Host's 192.12.107.34 time is Wed Oct 27 09:54:15 1999
Local time is Wed Oct 27 09:50:08 1999 (time differential -247 secs)
****clock may be bad
Last yes vote for 192.12.107.33 was 6 secs ago (sync site);
Last vote started 6 secs ago (at Wed Oct 27 09:50:02 1999)
Local db version is 940906574.25
I am not sync site
Lowest host 192.12.107.33 was set 6 secs ago
Sync host 192.12.107.33 was set 6 secs ago
Sync site's db version is 940906574.25
0 locked pages, 0 of them for write

PRIVILEGE REQUIRED

None

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