git-cherry-pick - Online in the Cloud

PROGRAM:

NAME

git-cherry-pick - Apply the changes introduced by some existing commits

SYNOPSIS

git cherry-pick [--edit] [-n] [-m parent-number] [-s] [-x] [--ff]
[-S[<keyid>]] <commit>...
git cherry-pick --continue
git cherry-pick --quit
git cherry-pick --abort

DESCRIPTION

Given one or more existing commits, apply the change each one introduces, recording a new
commit for each. This requires your working tree to be clean (no modifications from the
HEAD commit).

When it is not obvious how to apply a change, the following happens:

1. The current branch and HEAD pointer stay at the last commit successfully made.

2. The CHERRY_PICK_HEAD ref is set to point at the commit that introduced the change that
is difficult to apply.

3. Paths in which the change applied cleanly are updated both in the index file and in
your working tree.

4. For conflicting paths, the index file records up to three versions, as described in
the "TRUE MERGE" section of git-merge(1). The working tree files will include a
description of the conflict bracketed by the usual conflict markers <<<<<<< and
>>>>>>>.

5. No other modifications are made.

See git-merge(1) for some hints on resolving such conflicts.

OPTIONS

<commit>...
Commits to cherry-pick. For a more complete list of ways to spell commits, see
gitrevisions(7). Sets of commits can be passed but no traversal is done by default, as
if the --no-walk option was specified, see git-rev-list(1). Note that specifying a
range will feed all <commit>... arguments to a single revision walk (see a later
example that uses maint master..next).

-e, --edit
With this option, git cherry-pick will let you edit the commit message prior to
committing.

-x
When recording the commit, append a line that says "(cherry picked from commit ...)"
to the original commit message in order to indicate which commit this change was
cherry-picked from. This is done only for cherry picks without conflicts. Do not use
this option if you are cherry-picking from your private branch because the information
is useless to the recipient. If on the other hand you are cherry-picking between two
publicly visible branches (e.g. backporting a fix to a maintenance branch for an older
release from a development branch), adding this information can be useful.

-r
It used to be that the command defaulted to do -x described above, and -r was to
disable it. Now the default is not to do -x so this option is a no-op.

-m parent-number, --mainline parent-number
Usually you cannot cherry-pick a merge because you do not know which side of the merge
should be considered the mainline. This option specifies the parent number (starting
from 1) of the mainline and allows cherry-pick to replay the change relative to the
specified parent.

-n, --no-commit
Usually the command automatically creates a sequence of commits. This flag applies the
changes necessary to cherry-pick each named commit to your working tree and the index,
without making any commit. In addition, when this option is used, your index does not
have to match the HEAD commit. The cherry-pick is done against the beginning state of
your index.

This is useful when cherry-picking more than one commits' effect to your index in a
row.

-s, --signoff
Add Signed-off-by line at the end of the commit message. See the signoff option in
git-commit(1) for more information.

-S[<keyid>], --gpg-sign[=<keyid>]
GPG-sign commits. The keyid argument is optional and defaults to the committer
identity; if specified, it must be stuck to the option without a space.

--ff
If the current HEAD is the same as the parent of the cherry-pick’ed commit, then a
fast forward to this commit will be performed.

--allow-empty
By default, cherry-picking an empty commit will fail, indicating that an explicit
invocation of git commit --allow-empty is required. This option overrides that
behavior, allowing empty commits to be preserved automatically in a cherry-pick. Note
that when "--ff" is in effect, empty commits that meet the "fast-forward" requirement
will be kept even without this option. Note also, that use of this option only keeps
commits that were initially empty (i.e. the commit recorded the same tree as its
parent). Commits which are made empty due to a previous commit are dropped. To force
the inclusion of those commits use --keep-redundant-commits.

--allow-empty-message
By default, cherry-picking a commit with an empty message will fail. This option
overrides that behaviour, allowing commits with empty messages to be cherry picked.

--keep-redundant-commits
If a commit being cherry picked duplicates a commit already in the current history, it
will become empty. By default these redundant commits cause cherry-pick to stop so the
user can examine the commit. This option overrides that behavior and creates an empty
commit object. Implies --allow-empty.

--strategy=<strategy>
Use the given merge strategy. Should only be used once. See the MERGE STRATEGIES
section in git-merge(1) for details.

-X<option>, --strategy-option=<option>
Pass the merge strategy-specific option through to the merge strategy. See git-
merge(1) for details.

SEQUENCER SUBCOMMANDS

--continue
Continue the operation in progress using the information in .git/sequencer. Can be
used to continue after resolving conflicts in a failed cherry-pick or revert.

--quit
Forget about the current operation in progress. Can be used to clear the sequencer
state after a failed cherry-pick or revert.

--abort
Cancel the operation and return to the pre-sequence state.

EXAMPLES

git cherry-pick master
Apply the change introduced by the commit at the tip of the master branch and create a
new commit with this change.

git cherry-pick ..master, git cherry-pick ^HEAD master
Apply the changes introduced by all commits that are ancestors of master but not of
HEAD to produce new commits.

git cherry-pick maint next ^master, git cherry-pick maint master..next
Apply the changes introduced by all commits that are ancestors of maint or next, but
not master or any of its ancestors. Note that the latter does not mean maint and
everything between master and next; specifically, maint will not be used if it is
included in master.

git cherry-pick master~4 master~2
Apply the changes introduced by the fifth and third last commits pointed to by master
and create 2 new commits with these changes.

git cherry-pick -n master~1 next
Apply to the working tree and the index the changes introduced by the second last
commit pointed to by master and by the last commit pointed to by next, but do not
create any commit with these changes.

git cherry-pick --ff ..next
If history is linear and HEAD is an ancestor of next, update the working tree and
advance the HEAD pointer to match next. Otherwise, apply the changes introduced by
those commits that are in next but not HEAD to the current branch, creating a new
commit for each new change.

git rev-list --reverse master -- README | git cherry-pick -n --stdin
Apply the changes introduced by all commits on the master branch that touched README
to the working tree and index, so the result can be inspected and made into a single
new commit if suitable.

The following sequence attempts to backport a patch, bails out because the code the patch
applies to has changed too much, and then tries again, this time exercising more care
about matching up context lines.

$ git cherry-pick topic^ (1)
$ git diff (2)
$ git reset --merge ORIG_HEAD (3)
$ git cherry-pick -Xpatience topic^ (4)

1. apply the change that would be shown by git show topic^. In this example, the patch
does not apply cleanly, so information about the conflict is written to the index and
working tree and no new commit results.
2. summarize changes to be reconciled
3. cancel the cherry-pick. In other words, return to the pre-cherry-pick state, preserving
any local modifications you had in the working tree.
4. try to apply the change introduced by topic^ again, spending extra time to avoid
mistakes based on incorrectly matching context lines.

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