mp3info2p - Online in the Cloud

PROGRAM:

NAME

mp3info2 - get/set MP3 tags; uses MP3::Tag to get default values.

SYNOPSIS

# Print the information in tags and autodeduced info
mp3info2 *.mp3

# In addition, set the year field to 1981
mp3info2 -y 1981 *.mp3

# Same without printout of info, recursively in the current directory
mp3info2 -R -p "" -y 1981 .

# Do not deduce any field, print (normalized) info from the tags only
mp3info2 -C autoinfo=ID3v2,ID3v1 *.mp3

# As above, but without normalization/autofill, the raw information in tags
mp3info2 -N *.mp3

# As above, but only with ID2v1 tag read
mp3info2 -NC autoinfo=ID3v1 *.mp3

# Get artist from CDDB_File, autodeduce other info, write it to tags
mp3info2 -C artist=CDDB_File -u *.mp3

# For title, prefer information from .inf file; autodeduce rest, update
mp3info2 -C title=Inf,ID3v2,ID3v1,filename -u *.mp3

# Same, and get the artist from CDDB file
mp3info2 -C title=Inf,ID3v2,ID3v1,filename -C artist=CDDB_File -u *.mp3

# Write a script for conversion of .wav to .mp3, autodeducing tags
mp3info2 -p "lame -h --vbr-new --tt '%t' --tn %n --ta '%a' --tc '%c' --tl '%l' --ty '%y' '%f'\n" *.wav >xxx.sh

DESCRIPTION

The program prints a message summarizing tag info (obtained via MP3::Tag module) for
specified files.

It may also update the information in ID3 tags. This happens in three different cases.

· If the information supplied in command-line options "t a l y g c n" differs from the
content of the corresponding ID3 tags (or there is no corresponding ID3 tags).

· If options "-d" or "-F" were given.

· if "MP3::Tag" obtains the info from other means than MP3 tags, and "-u" forces the
update of the ID3 tags.

(All these ways are disabled by "-D" option.) ID3v2 tag is written if needed, or if "-2"
option is given. (Automatic fill-in of deduceable fields (via the method
id3v2_frames_autofill()) is performed unless "-d" or "-N" options are given.)

The option "-u" writes ("u"pdates) the fetched information to the MP3 ID3 tags. This
option is assumed if there are command-line options which explicitly set tag elements
("-a", "-t" etc., and "-F", "-d"). (Effects of this option may be overridden by giving
"-D" option.) If "-2" option is also given, forces write of ID3v2 tag even if the info
fits the ID3v1 tag (in addition, this option enables auto-update of "personal name"
fields, and corresponding titles according to values of "translate_person",
"person_frames" etc. configuration settings; see "Normalization of fields"). This option
is ignored if no change to tags is detected; however, one can force an update by repeating
this option (useful if you expect the change the "format" of the tag, as opposed to its
"content").

The option "-p" prints a message using the next argument as format (by default "\\", "\t",
"\n" are replaced by backslash, tab and newline; governed by the value of "-E" option);
see "interpolate" in MP3::Tag for details of the format of sprintf()-like escapes. If no
option "-p" is given, message in default format will be emitted. The value of option "-e"
is the encoding used for the output; if the value is a number, system-specific encoding is
guessed (and used for the output if bit 0x1 is set); if bit 0x2 is set, then, command line
options are assumed to be in the guessed encoding; if bit 0x4 is set, then, command line
arguments are assumed to be in the guessed encoding. Use the value "binary" to do binary
output.

With option "-D" (dry run) no update is performed, no matter what the other options are.
With this option, no parsing of tags is performed unless needed.

Use options

t a l y g c n

to overwrite the information (title artist album year genre comment track-number) obtained
via "MP3::Tag" heuristics ("-u" switch is implied if any one of these arguments differs
from what would be found otherwise; use "-D" switch to disable auto-update). By default,
the values of these options are not "%"-interpolated; this may be changed by "-E" option.

The option "-d" should contain the comma-separated list of ID3v2 frames to delete. A
frame specification is the same as what might be given to "%{...}" frame interpolation
command, e.g., "TIT3", "COMM03", "COMM(fra)[short title]"; the difference with modify-
access is that ALL (and not the first of) matching frames are deleted. (Option -d may be
repeated.)

For example, "-d APIC" would remove all picture frames. In addition, if the list contains
"ID3v1" or "ID3v2", whole tags will be deleted.

Likewise, the option "-F" allows setting of arbitrary "ID3v2" frames: if one needs to set
one frame, use the directive "FRAME_spec=VALUE":

-F TIT2=The_new_Title

Again, on modify, ALL matching frames are deleted first, so be carefull with

-F COMM=MyComment

Option "-F" may be repeated to set more than one frame. If configuration variable
"empty-F-deletes" is TRUE (default), empty arguments will delete the frame.

One can replace "FRAME_spec=VALUE" by "FRAME_spec < FILE"; in this case the value to set
is read from the file named FILE; if the frame is text-only (meaning: at most
"[encoded]Text URL Language Description" fields are present), the file is read in text
mode (and with starting/trailing whitespace stripped), otherwise it is read in binary
mode. (Whitespace is required about the "<" signs.) If "<" is replaced by "?<", the
value is set only if frame is not yet present, and if the file exists; if replaced by ">",
the value (if present) is written to FILE (creation of intermediate directories is
controlled by configuration option "frames_write_creates_dirs", the default is FALSE).

Additionally, "FRAME_spec" may be one of "ID3v1" or "ID3v2" or "TAGS"; in this case, whole
tags are written or read. For example, for "TAGS < FILE", "title artist album year genre
comment track" info is calculated from FILE, which may be raw tags, as produced with ">",
or a valid MP3 file; if Image::ExifTool is present, the data may be read from arbitrary
multimedia file. (Likewise, for "ID3v1 < FILE", the same info is extracted from "ID3v1"
tag only.) After this, in case of "ID3v2" or "TAGS", "ID3v2" frames are copied from the
"ID3v2" tag one-by-one. (With suitable modifications for "?<".)

By default, the "VALUE" for "-F" is "%"-interpolated; this can be changed by option "-E".
For user convenience, human-friendlier forms "composer, text_by, orchestra, conductor,
disk_n" can be used instead of "TCOM, TEXT, TPE2, TPE3, TPOS".

The option "-P RECIPE" is a very powerful generalization of what can be done by options
"-F", "-d", and "-t -a -l -y -g -c -n". It may be repeated; the values should contain the
parse recipes. They become the configuration item "parse_data" of "MP3::Tag"; eventually
this information is processed by MP3::Tag::ParseData module (if the latter is present in
the chain of heuristics; see option "-C"). The "RECIPE" is split into "$flags, $string,
@patterns" on its first non-alphanumeric character; the first of @patterns which matches
$string is going to be executed (for side effects). (See examples: "EXAMPLES: parse
rules".)

If option "-G" is specified, the file names on the command line are considered as glob
patterns. This may be useful if the maximal command-line length is too low. With the
option "-R" arguments can be directories, which are searched recursively for audio
(default *.mp3) files to process; use option "-r" to reset the regular expression to look
for (the default is "(?i:\.mp3$)").

The option "-E" controls expansion of escape characters. It should contain the letters of
the command-line options where "\\, \n, \t" are interpolated; one can append the letters
of "t a l y g c n F" options requiring "%"-interpolation after the separator "/i:" (for
"-F", only the values are interpolated). The default value is "p/i:Fp": only "-p" is
"\"-interpolated, and only "-F" and "-p" are subject to "%"-interpolation. If all one
wants is to add to the defaults, preceed the value of "-E" (containing added options) by
"+". (Some parts of the value of option "-P" are interpolated, but this should be
governed by flags, not "-E"; do NOT put "P" into the "%"-interpolated part of "-E".)

If the option "-@" is given, all characters "@" in the options are replaced by "%". This
may be convenient if the shell treats "%" specially (e.g., DOSISH shells).

If option "-I" is given, no guessworking for artist field is performed on typeout.

The option "-C CONFIG_OPT=VALUE1,VALUE2..." sets "MP3::Tag" configuration data the same
way as "MP3::Tag-"config()> would do (recall that the value is an array; separate elements
by commas if more than one). The option may be repeated to set more than one value. Note
that since "ParseData" is used to process "-P" parse recipes, it should be better be kept
in the "autoinfo" configuration (and related fields "author" etc) in presence of "-P".

If the option "-x" is given, the technical information about the audio file is printed
(MP3 level, duration, number of frames, padding, copyright, and the list of ID3v2 frame
names in format suitable to "%{...}" escapes). If "-x" is repeated, content of frames is
also printed out (may output non-printable chars, if it is repeated more than twice).

If option "-N" is given, all the "smarts" are disabled - no normalization of fields
happens, and (by default) no attempt to deduce the values of fields from non-ID3
information is done. This option is (currently) equivalent to having "-C
autoinfo=ParseData,ID3v2,ID3v1" as the first directive, to having no
Normalize::Text::Music_Fields.pm present on @INC path, and not calling autofill() method.

Normalization of fields

(The loading of normalization module and all subsequent operations may be disabled by the
option "-N", or by setting the environment variable "MP3TAG_NORMALIZE_FIELDS" to be FALSE.
If not prohibited, the module is attempted to be loaded if directory ~/.music_fields is
present, or "MP3TAG_NORMALIZE_FIELDS" is set and TRUE.)

If loading of the module "Normalize::Text::Music_Fields" is successful, the following is
applicable:

If the value of "MP3TAG_NORMALIZE_FIELDS" is defined and not 1, this value is broken into
directories as a PATH, and load path of "Normalize::Text::Music_Fields" is set to be this
list of directories. Then MP3::Tag is instructed (via corresponding configuration
settings) to use "normalize_artist" (etc.) methods defined by this module. These methods
may normalize certain tag data. The current version defines methods for "normalization"
of personal names, and titles (based on the composer). This normalization is driven
through user-editable configuration tables.

In addition to automatical normalization of MP3 tag data, one can use "fake MP3 files" to
manually access some features of this module. For this, use an empty file name, and "-D"
option. E.g,

mp3info2 -D -a beethoven -p "%a\n" ""
mp3info2 -D -a beethoven -p "%{shP[%a]}\n" ""
mp3info2 -D -a beethoven -t "sonata #28" -p "%t\n" ""
mp3info2 -D -a beethoven -t "allegretto, Bes" -@p "@t\n" ""
mp3info2 -D -a beethoven -t "op93" -@p "@t\n" ""

will print the normalized person-name for "beethoven", the corresponding normalized short
person-name, and the normalized title for "sonata #28" of composer "beethoven". E.g.,
with the shipped normalization tables, it will print

Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)
L. van Beethoven
Piano Sonata No. 28 in A major; Op. 101 (1816)
Allegretto for Piano Trio in B flat major; WoO 39 (1812)
Symphony No. 8 in F major; Op. 93 (comp. 1812, f.p. Vienna, 1814-02-27, cond. Beethoven; pubd. 1816)

The order of operation

Currently, the operations are done in the following order

· Deletion of ID3v1 or ID3v2 as a whole via "-d" option;

· Recipies of "-P" option are set up (to be triggered by interpolation);

· The setting done via "-a/-t/-l/-y/-g/-c/-n" options;

· The settings done via "-F" option;

· Deletion of individual frames via "-d" option;

· autofill of ID3v2 (id) frames;

· Emit info based on "-p" and "-x" options;

· Trigger recipies of "-P" (if not triggered by interpolation);

· Update tags if needed.

Usage strategy: escalation of complexity

The purpose of this script is to to make handling of ID3 tags as simple as possible.

On one end of the scale, one can perform arbitrarily complex manipulations with tags using
"MP3::Tag" Perl module.

On the other end, it is much more convenient to handle simplest manipulations with tags
using this script's options "-t -a -l -y -g -c -n" and "-p -F -d". For slightly more
complicated tasks, one may need to use the more elaborate method of parse rules, provided
to this script by the option "-P"; the rules depend heavily on interpolation, see
"interpolate" in MP3::Tag, "interpolate_with_flags" in MP3::Tag.

To simplify upgrade from "simplest manipulations" to "more elaborate ones", here we
provide "parse rule" synonyms to the simplest options. So if you start with "-t -a -l -y
-g -c -n" and "-p -F -d" options which "almost work" for you, you have a good chance to be
able to fully achieve your aim by modifying the synonyms described below.

(Below we assume that "-E" option is set to its default value, so "-F -p" are
"%"-interpolated, other options are not. Note also that if your TTY's encoding is
recognized by Perl, it is highly recommended to set "-e 3" option; on DOSISH shells,
better use "-@", and replace "%"'s by "@"'s below.)

"-t VALUE"
-P "mz/VALUE/%t"

"-a -l -y -g -c -n"
Likewise.

"-F" "TIT2=VALUE"
-P "mzi/VALUE/%{TIT2}"

"-F" "APIC[myDescr] < FILE"
-F "APIC[myDescr]=%{I(fimbB)FILE}"

or

-P "mzi/%{I(fimbB)FILE}/%{APIC[myDescr]}"

(remove "bB" for text-only frames).

"-F" "APIC[myDescr] > FILE"
-P "bOi,%{APIC[myDescr]},FILE"

(remove "b" for text-only frames); or use "-e binary -p "%{APIC[myDescr]}""
with redirection, see "EXAMPLES: parse rules".

"-d" TIT2
-P "m//%{TIT2}"

"-F" "TIT2 ?< FILE"
Very tricky. This won't set distinguish empty file and non-existing one:

-P "mzi/%{TIT2:1}0%{I(fFim)FILE}/10/10%{TIT2}/0%{U1}"

(add "bB" to "fFim" for non-text-only frames); the last part may be omitted
if one omits the flag "m" - it is present to catch misprints only.

For details on "parse rules", see "EXAMPLES: parse rules" and "DESCRIPTION" in
MP3::Tag::ParseData.

EXAMPLES: parse rules

Only the "-P" option is complicated enough to deserve comments... For full details on
parse rules, see "DESCRIPTION" in MP3::Tag::ParseData; for full details on interpolation,
see "interpolate" in MP3::Tag, "interpolate_with_flags" in MP3::Tag.

For a (silly) example, one can replace "-a Homer -t Iliad" by

-P mz=Homer=%a -P mz=Iliad=%t

A less silly example is forcing a particular way of parsing a file name via

-P "im=%{d0}/%f=%a/%n %t.%e"

It is broken into

flags string pattern1
"im" "%{d0}/%f" "%a/%n %t.%e"

The flag letters stand for interpolate, must_match. This interpolates the string
"%{d0}/%f" and parses the result (which is the file name with one level of the directory
part preserved) using the given pattern; thus the directory name becomes the artist, the
leading numeric part - the track number, and the rest of the file name (without extension)
- the title. Note that since multiple patterns are allowed, one can similarly allow for
multiple formats of the names, e.g.

-P "im=%{d0}/%f=%a/%n %t.%e=%a/%t (%y).%e"

allows for the file basename to be also of the form "TITLE (YEAR)". An alternative way to
obtain the same results is

-P "im=%{d0}=%a" -P "im=%f=%n %t.%e=%t (%y).%e"

which corresponds to two recipies:

flags string pattern1 pattern2
"im" "%{d0}" "%a"
"im" "%f" "%n %t.%e" "%t (%y).%e"

Of course, one could use

"im" "%B" "%n %t" "%t (%y)"

as a replacement for the second one.

Note that it may be more readable to set artist to "%{d0}" by an explicit asignment, with
arguments similar to

-E "p/i:Fpa" -a "%{d0}"

(this value of "-E" requests "%"-interpolation of the option "-a" in addition to the
default "\"-interpolation of "-p", and "%"-interpolation of "-F" and "-p"; one can
shortcut it with "-E +/i:a").

To give more examples,

-P "if=%D/.comment=%c"

will read comment from the file .comment in the directory of the audio file;

-P "ifn=%D/.comment=%c"

has similar effect if the file .comment has one-line comments, one per track (this assumes
the the track number can be found by other means).

Suppose that a file Parts in a directory of MP3 files has the following format: it has a
preamble, then has a short paragraph of information per audio file, preceded by the track
number and dot:

...

12. Rezitativ.
(Pizarro, Rocco)

13. Duett: jetzt, Alter, jetzt hat es Eile, (Pizarro, Rocco)

...

The following command puts this info into the title of the ID3 tag (provided the audio
file names are informative enough so that MP3::Tag can deduce the track number):

mp3info2 -u -C parse_split='\n(?=\d+\.)' -P 'fl;Parts;%=n. %t'

If this paragraph of information has the form "TITLE (COMMENT)" with the "COMMENT" part
being optional, then use

mp3info2 -u -C parse_split='\n(?=\d+\.)' -P 'fl;Parts;%=n. %t (%c);%=n. %t'

If you want to remove a dot or a comma got into the end of the title, use

mp3info2 -u -C parse_split='\n(?=\d+\.)' \
-P 'fl;Parts;%=n. %t (%c);%=n. %t' -P 'iR;%t;%t[.,]$'

The second pattern of this invocation is converted to

['iR', '%t' => '%t[.,]$']

which essentially applies the substitution "s/(.*)[.,]$/$1/s" to the title.

Now suppose that in addition to Parts, we have a text file Comment with additional info;
we want to put this info into the comment field after what is extracted from "TITLE
(COMMENT)"; separate these two parts of the comment by an empty line:

mp3info2 -E C -C 'parse_split=\n(?=\d+\.)' -C 'parse_join=\n\n' \
-P 'f;Comment;%c' -P 'fl;Parts;%=n. %t' \
-P 'i;%t///%c;%t (%c)///%c' -P 'iR;%t;%t[.,]$'

This assumes that the title and the comment do not contain '///' as a substring.
Explanation: the first pattern of "-P",

['f', 'Comment' => '%c'],

reads comment from the file "Comment" into the comment field; the second,

['fl', 'Parts' => '%=n. %t'],

reads a chunk of "Parts" into the title field. The third one

['i', '%t///%c' => '%t (%c)///%c']

rearranges the title and comment provided the title is of the form "TITLE (COMMENT)".
(The configuration option "parse_join" takes care of separating two chunks of comment
corresponding to two occurences of %c on the right hand side.)

Finally, the fourth pattern is the same as in the preceding example; it removes spurious
punctuation at the end of the title.

More examples: removing string "with violin" from the start of the comment field (removing
comment altogether if nothing remains):

mp3info2 -u -P 'iz;%c;with violin%c' *.mp3

setting the artist field without letting auto-update feature deduce other fields from
other sources;

mp3info2 -C autoinfo=ParseData -a "A. U. Thor" *.mp3

setting a comment field unless it it already present:

mp3info2 -u -P 'i;%c///with piano;///%c' *.mp3

The last example shows how to actually write "programs" in the language of the "-P"
option: the example gives a conditional assignment. With user variables (as in "%{U8}")
for temporaries, and a possibility to use regular expressions, one could provide arbitrary
programmatic logic. Of course, at some level of complexity one should better switch to
direct interfacing with "MP3::Tag" Perl module (use the code of this Perl script as an
example!).

Here is a typical task setting "advanced" id3v2 frames: composer ("TCOM"), orchestra
("TPE2"), conductor ("TPE3"). We assume a directory tree which contains MP3 files tagged
with the following conventions: "artist" is actually a composer; "comment" is of one of
two forms:

Performers; Orchestra; Conductor
Orchestra; Conductor

To set the specific MP3 frames via "-P" rules, use

mp3info2 -@P "mi/@a/@{TCOM}" \
-P "mi/@c/@{U1}; @{TPE2}; @{TPE3}/@{TPE2}; @{TPE3}" -R .

With "-F" options, this can be simplified as

mp3info2 -@F "TCOM=@a" -P "mi/@c/@{U1}; @{TPE2}; @{TPE3}/@{TPE2}; @{TPE3}" -R .

or

mp3info2 -@F "composer=@a" -P "mi/@c/@{U1}; @{TPE2}; @{TPE3}/@{TPE2}; @{TPE3}" -R .

To copy ID3 tags of MP3 files in the current directory to files in directory /tmp/mp3 with
the extension .tag (and print "progress report"), use

mp3info2 -p "@N@E\n" -@P "bODi,@{ID3v2}@{ID3v1},/tmp/mp3/@N.tag" -DNR .

Since we did not use "z" flag, MP3 files without tags are skipped.

Now suppose that there are two parallel file hierarchies of audio files, and of lyrics:
audio files are in audio/dir_name/audio_name.mp3 with corresponding lyrics file in
text/dir_name/audio_name.mp3. To attach lyrics to MP3 files (in "COMM" frame with
description "lyrics" in language "eng" - this is a non-standard location, see below!),
call

mp3info2 -@P "fim;../text/@{d0}/@B.txt;@{COMM(eng)[lyrics]}" -Ru .

inside the directory audio. (Change "fim" to "Ffim" to ignore the audio files for which
the corresponding text file does not exist.) (Of course, to follow the specifications,
one should have used the field "%{USLT(eng)[]}" instead of "%{COMM(eng)[lyrics]}"; see
below for variations).

Finish by a very simple example: all what the pattern

-P 'i;%t;%t'

does is removal of trailing and leading blanks from the title (which is deduced by other
means).

More examples

With "-F" option, one could set the "USLT" frame as

mp3info2 -@F "USLT(eng)[] < ../text/@{d0}/@B.txt" -Ru .

Print out such a frame (in any language) with

mp3info2 -@p "@{USLT[]}\n" file.mp3

Similarly, to print out the APIC frame with empty description, use

mp3info2 -e binary -@p "@{APIC[]}" file.mp3 > output_picture_file

or (with description "cover")

mp3info2 -@P "bOi,@{APIC[cover]},output_picture_file.jpg" loading="lazy" audio_07.mp3

To set such a frame from file xxx.gif (with the default "Picture Type", "Cover (front)",
and empty description), do one of

mp3info2 -F "APIC < xxx.gif" file.mp3
mp3info2 -@F "APIC[]=@{I(fimbB)xxx.gif}" file.mp3

The difference of "APIC" and "APIC[]" is that the first removes all "APIC" frames first,
and the second removes only all "APIC" frames with empty description - but arbitrary image
type. So it may be more suitable to use the full specification, as in "APIC(Cover
(front))[]".

To remove "APIC" frames with empty descriptions, arbitrary "Picture Type"s (and "MIME
type"s which may be correctly calculated by mp3info2, e.g., "TIFF/JPEG/GIF/PNG"), use

mp3info2 -d "APIC[]" file.mp3

(note that this wouldn't free disk space, unless "shrink" is forced by configuration
variables). To do the same with the "Conductor" picture type only, do

mp3info2 -d "APIC(Conductor)[]" file.mp3

To scan through subdirectories, and add file cover.jpg from the directory of the file as a
"default" "APIC" frame, but only if there is no "APIC" frame, and a file exists, do

mp3info2 -@F "APIC ?< @D/cover.jpg" loading="lazy" -R .

This deletes empty frames for date, "TCOP, TENC, WXXX[], COMM(eng)[]", and removes the
leading 0 from track number from MP3 file in current directory:

mp3info2 -@ -E +/i:y -F "TCOP=@{TCOP}" -F "TENC=@{TENC}"
-F "WXXX[]=@{WXXX[]}" -F "COMM(eng)[]=@{COMM(eng)[]}"
-y "@y" -P "mi/@n/0@n/@n" *.mp3

Examples on dealing with broken encodings

One of principal weaknesses of ID3 specification was that it required that data is
provided in "latin-1" encoding. Since most languages in the world are not expressible in
"latin-1", this lead to (majority?) of ID3 tags being not standard-conforming. Newer
versions of the specs fixed this shortcoming, but the damage was already done.
Fortunately, this script can use abilities of "MP3::Tag" to convert from non-conforming
content to a conforming one.

The following example converts ID3v2 tags which were written in (non-standard-conforming)
encoding "cp1251" to be in standard-conforming encoding. For the purpose of this example,
assume that ID3v1 tags are in the same encoding (and that one wants to leave them in the
encoding "cp1251"); the files to process are found in the current directory and
(recursively) in its subdirectories ("set" syntax for DOSISH shells):

set MP3TAG_DECODE_V1_DEFAULT=cp1251
set MP3TAG_DECODE_V2_DEFAULT=cp1251
mp3info2 -C id3v2_fix_encoding_on_write=1 -u2R .

For more information, see "ENVIRONMENT" in MP3::Tag, "config" in MP3::Tag, and
"CUSTOMIZATION" in MP3::Tag.

INCOMPATIBILITIES with mp3info
This tool is loosely modeled on the program mp3info; it is "mostly" backward compatible
(especially when in "naive" mode via "-N"), and allows a very significant superset of
functionality. Known backward incompatibilities are:

-G -h -r -d -x

Missing functionality:

-f -F -i

Incompatible "%"-escapes:

%e %E - absolutely different semantic
%v - has no trailing 0s
%q - has fractional part
%r - is a number, not a word "Variable" for VBR
%u - is one less (in presence of descriptor frame only?)

Missing "%"-escapes:

%b %G

Backslash escapes: only "\\", "\n", "\t" supported.

"-x" prints data in a different format, not all fields are present, and ID3v2 tag names
are output.

ENVIRONMENT

With "-e" 1, 2 or 3, this script may consult environment variables "LC_CTYPE, LC_ALL,
LANG" to deduce the current encoding. No other environment variables are directly read by
this script.

Note however, that MP3::Tag module has a rich set of defaults for encoding settings
settable by environment variables; see "ENVIRONMENT" in MP3::Tag. So these variables
affect (indirectly) how this script works.

OBSOLETE INTERFACE

If you do not understand what it is about, it is safe to ignore this announcement:

The old, pre-version=1.05 way (by triplication of a separator, without repetition of
options) to provide multiple commands to "-F" and <-P> options is still supported, but is
strongly discouraged. (It does not conflict with the current interface.)

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